US2362102A - Self-cleaning atomizer - Google Patents

Description

NOV. 7, 1944. ,v 0 2,362,102

' SELF-CLEANING ATOMIZER Original Filed Feb. 25, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fig.1,

\nvenTcjar. Her-mun F. Simon Anya.

Patented Nov. 7, 1944 Herman F. Simon, Lunenburg,

'Parks-Cramer Company,

Mass., assignor to Fitchburg, Mass, a

corporation of Massachusetts Original application February 25, 1942, Serial No.

432,234. Divided and 1943, Serial No. 489,973 (o1. 2 99 59) 18 Claims.

This invention relates to improvements in selfcleaning liquid 'atomizers of the type disclosed in my prior Patent'No. 2,186,214, granted January 9, 1940, and isa division'of my pending application Ser. No; 432,234 filed February 25, 1942, for Air conditioning method and apparatus, which discloses interalia a method and apparatus for atomizing waterin anenclosure to produce and maintain a predetermined standard of humidity by cooperating jets of air and water under automatically controlled correlated superatmospheric pressures. 1

In usual humidifyingniethods and apparatus in which moisture is supplied to the atmosphere of the enclosure by atomization and vaporization of water in the enclosure the atomizers are turned on in response to demand-for moisture in deficit of the predetermined standard of humidity, and are turned off when thehumidity reaches the predetermined standard. In usual forms of humidifying apparatus the water is drawn from a suitable source by inspiration into an atomizing head by a jet of air under vaporize the-water and distribute the vapor into the atmosphere of the room.

The present apparatus differs from prior appathis application June 7, p

spray from the'atomizer in response to varying demands of humidity to'ma'inta'in the predetermined standard of humidity.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus by which a substantial saving in power may bemade by the employment of atomizing air at a'less average pressure and by more pressure which serves to l ratus in that superatmospherio fluid pressure of v the" water and the pressure of the air, or other gaseous fluid under pressure suchas steam, are maintained in a predetermined correlation, preferably equal pressures, and automatically simultaneously increased or decreased while the same correlation is maintained, thereby varying the volume of water vaporized in response to the demand for'moisture to maintain the atmosphere of the enclosure-at a predetermined standard 'of humidity.

The object of the present invention is to provide a' self-cleaning atomizer for a gaseous fluid and liquid under equal or other correlated superatmospheric pressures having means operable upon the supply of humidity to the air of an enclosure to penetrate and clean the outlets for the air and water.

. A further object of the invention is to, provide a construction inwhich the delivery of a jet of water through the air nozzle is discontinued in advance of the discontinuance of the jet of air, and conversely resumed only after resumption of the deliveryof air under pressure, thereby avoiding imperfect vaporization which would result in projecting unvaporized water into the enclosure. v

A further object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for producing a better quality of effective automatic regulation.

Another object of the invention is toprovide an apparatus comprising self-cleaning-atomizers in which a better cleaning of the air and water outlets will be effected because of the actions of the air and water when both are under pressure. Anillustrative apparatus including preferred forms of self-cleaning atomizers is illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which; n I

Fig, 1 is a diagrammatic view ofan apparatus for atomizing water, or other liquid, in which the air and water; are maintained under correlated preferably equal, pressures, with automatic means for simultaneouslyre'gulating'the pressures of the air and liquid in response to variations of humidity in the atmosphere of the enclosure; Fig. 2 is an enlarged detail view of the valve mechanism for the regulating means; l f Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in vertical longitudinalsection of a preferred form of atomizer showing the parts thereofi in atomizing position; Fig. 4 is a similar view in vertical longitudinal section of the atomizer shown inFig. 3, illustrating the parts in non-atomizing and jself-cleaning positions; and, p I i Fig. 5 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view of a modified form of-atomizer with the parts shown in atomizing position. I I

The preferred form of apparatus illustrated in the drawingscomprises an hermetically closed tank I which 'isxsupplied with water or other suitable liquid 2 through a pipe 3 from any suitable source, a substantially constant level. of water being maintained within the tarik-by'a suitable valve 4 controlled by a 'floatE. A pipe 6 communicating with the tank, well belowt'he level of the liquid therein is providedwithsuitable branches 1 leading to suitable'atomizers 8 hereinafter to be described. Air under-suitable pressure is supplied through a pipe 9 which may be provided with a hand operated valve 10 but preferably also with an automatic prssure're ducing valve H. A pipe [2 leadsfrom the pipe 9 to the chamber of thehermetically sealed tank I above the level of the liquid therein. Byreason of this construction thewater is subjected to the same fluid pressure as that of the air.

Other means for maintaining equal Or other correlatedfluid pressures on the air and water may however be employed within the scope of the present invention with means for automatically regulating the pressures in correlation in such manner that a sufiiciently fine quality of spray may be produced under varying pressures, for example, from? a. maximum of thirty pounds per square inch to such lower pressure as may be required within the capacity of the atomizers.

Preferably suitable automatic means may be provided for controlling the fluid pressures of the air and the water such as are illustrated and described in the patent to Alfred" E. Karlson No. 1,729,074, granted September 24, 1929. In that construction, as illustrated in Fig. 1 of the present drawings, the regulator comprises alever [-3- which is actuated-by a bellows whichis subject to the psychrometric wet bulb temperature of the air and a lever l4 having on its upper end a valve seat I5 having a port It which is controlled" by'a valve t1 (Fig: 2;) connectedby a rod H to the lever F31 In the present construction, as in that of the Karlsonpatent, a. branch. pipe 18' leads from the air: supply: pipe 9; to a. pipe 20 leading to the port-t6 in. thevalve seat f5; The pipe l9. also leads, preferably through a suitable hand operated: valve 21 totthechamber- 22; of a diaphragm motor adapted when. air: pressure issupplie'd through the pipe t9 to close the automaticval-ve: I l inthe air line 9-.

Aspring 23 normally tends to raise the valve I from its seat andpermit' the flow of air through the airline Q'to theseveral'atomizers 8;

In the: normal operation. of the regulator when there is; a deficit of humidity in the atmosphere of the enclosure-the differential? expansion of the bellows which actuate-thelevers l3land- 14 moves the lever' 13 in a direction to open the port It in the valve seat [5- thereby enabling the spring 22- to open thevalve H in the airline:

When, however, the humidity of the room. increases thedifferential expansion of the bellows which actuate the levers l3 and I4 causes the levers to approach each other and the valve l1 gradually to move over'the port [6 which preferably as shown in Fig. 2, extends in the axial direction of movement of the valve l1. By thus closing the bleeder port IE pressure is gradually built up in the pipe 20 which will actuate the diaphragm motor gradually to close the valve l lrin theairline 91 By reason of this construction the fluid pressure of the airand ofith'eiliquid are variedequally in response to the demand for moisture in the atmosphere of the room as detectedv bythe regulater so that a spray ofproper fineness is at all times maintained irrespective of the amount of liquid vaporized by reason of the variation in pressures. By reason" of such regulation of the gaseous fluidv pressure moisture is delivered tothe atmosphere continuously and without interruption; unless by: reason of unusual conditions, such the; admission. of highly saturated air inthe room, the humidity of the atmosphere of'the room exceeds'apredetermined'standard. In such cases, however, the regulator: will cause. the valve- [1 to close the port I16 gradually and thereafter maintain it in. closed: position thereby closing the valvein; the air line: and. shutting off the supply of; air and. liquid until the humidity of the room falls slightly below the predetermined standard.

By reason of the present invention therefore a predetermined standard of humidity may be maintained withinia very narrow range under all normal conditions by a continued gradual supply of humidity responding to the conditions of the atmosphere of the room.

A preferred form of atomizer, which is illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4, is of pear-shaped streamlined construction comprising a body 24 having a hollow rear body portion 25 secured to it by a screw threaded. connection 26 and. a front cap 21 secured to it by a screw threaded connection 28.

- The body has a vertical central web 29 provided centrally with a forwardly extending hub 30 having. a chambered front portion 3! and an axial bore 32. A nozzle 33, for projecting a jet of water under pressure, which has a steam screwed into the bore 32, is provided with an axial passage 34 leading to a jet-producing outlet 35 of small diameter.

outer nozzle 36 having an outlet 36:1: in axial alinement with the water nozzle outlet 35 is provided with a cylindrical portion 31 which sli'd'ably fits upon the hub 30. The cylindrical portion 31 of: the outer nozzle is provided with a peripheral flange 38 which forms" an abutment for an annular diaphragm 39 which is clamped against the abutment 38 by a suitable nut 40 mounted on the cylindrical portion 31 of the outer nozzle. The outer peripheral portion of the diaphragm 38, which preferably is provided with a. metal binding 4!, isolamped between the cap 21- and the shoulder uponthe: body portion 24 of the atomizer thereby providing between the diaphragm and'the body of theatomizer a chamber 42 for air or other gaseous fluid under pressure. A spring 43, which is interposed between the nut 40 on the outer nozzle and the-cap 21, tends to force the outer nozzle rearwardly' to the position illustrated in Fig. 4, so that in the absenceiof air pressure inthe air chamber 4-2 the end portion of the Water; nozzle 33 will penetrate and clean the orifice 36x of the outernozzle.

The' body 24 is provided. with a downwardly extending screw threaded extension 44 adapted to be connected by a suitable union to the air line a and: is provided with a. passage 45' having a. conduit 46. leading to the pressure chamber 42. One or more ports. 41 extend fromthe pressure chamber 42: through the hub 30 into the chamber 31 of the hub preferably at such angle as to produce a whirling motion of the air within the chamber 31 of the hub 30 and: also within the chamber of the outer-nozzle.

The cylindrical portion 31 of the outer nozzle, which slidably fits upon the hub 30, serves as a valve gradually to close and open the elliptical entrances to the ports 41. as the nozzle is moved backward or forward in responseto the airpressure or to the spring upon diminution of air pressure.

The atomizer comprises only to automatically clean the outlet of the liquid nozzle but also to shut off the supply of liquid to the'nozzle. As illustrated in Figs. 3 and 4 the mechanism for controlling the supply of'liquid. to the nozzle and operated by a diaphragm subject to the pressure of the: liquid to move theparts tooperative position and. by a spring acting in opposition to the fluid pressure to cause a cleaning member to penetrate and clean the outlet of the liquid nozzleand. to. shut off the supplyof liquid thereto. In this construction a diaphragm 48, preferably having a metal bound periphery, is clamped between the rear body portion 25 of the atomizer and a shoulder upon the body portion 24. A valve member 49 having a flat. face 50 engages the. forward side of. the diaphragm and is promeans' operable not for cleaning. the nozzle is vided with aforwardly extending cylindrical hub which is 'slidably mounted'inthe axial bore 32 of the body 24. The valve member 49 has an axial passage 52 and a port 53 which communicates with a chamber 54' between the diaphragm and theweb 29 of the body 24. The valve mem ber 49 is provided with a screw threaded extension 55 which passes centrally through the diaphragm 48, and a circular plate 56 having an internally screw threaded boss 51 clamps the diaphragm against the flat face 50 of the valve member. The rear body portion of the atomizer is counterbored to provide 'a shoulder 58 against which the plate 56 is seated when the diaphragm is forced .rearwardly by liquid under pressure in the chamber 54 as illustrated in Fig. 3. The extensi0n5'5 ofthe valvemember is provided. with a spheroidal socket 59 to receive the spherical end 60 of a cleaning rod 6| which extends longitudinally through the axial passage in the valve member and through the axial passages 52 and 34 in the valve member 49 and water nozzle 33. A small cleaning wire 62 is fixedly secured in the cleaning rod 6| and is adapted to penetrate and clean the outlet of the nozzle when the cleaning member is moved forward. The spherical head of the cleaning member is held in place by the inner wall of the boss 51 of the clamping plate in such manner that the cleaning rod 6| and'the wire extension thereof maybe self-centering as the end of the cleaning wire engages the conoidal end of'the passage through the nozzle which leads to the outlet 35. A spring 63 of substantially greater strength than the'spring 43 is interposed between the plate 56 and an abutment plate. 64 which is seated againsta wall of the rear body of'the atomizer. Apertures' 65 and 66 in the abutment plate 64 and end of the rear body member permit the passage of air from the hollow rear body portion thereby avoiding compression of air in the rear body portion when the diaphragm is forced rearwardly by fluidpressure in the'chamber 54. Water under pressure is supplied from the'pipe 1 (Fig. 1) of the water line through asuitable connection to an inlet 61 and'from itthrough a port 68"into' the water chamber 54 and passes from the chamber 54 through the port 53 into the passage 52 and'thence through the nozzle and its outlet 35 to project a jet of water into the whirling jet of air which is projected through the outlet 36st of the outer nozzle: 36.

In the. operation of the atomizer, as above described, air and water under correlated pressures, preferably equal pressures, are simultane ously supplied respectively to the chambers 42 and 54 of the atomizers. In view of the fact that the spring, 43 is weaker than the spring 63 the outer nozzle 35 will first be moved toward atom izing position illustrated in Fig. 3 thereby gradually opening the port or ports 41 and as the pressure builds up will project a whirling current of air through the outlet 36a: of the outer nozzle until the outer nozzle abuts against the shoulder .69 in the cap zl-where it will be held by air pressure during the maximum operation of the atomizer.

. As the pressure upon the water builds up the diaphragm 48 will be forced rearwardly thereby withdrawing the valve member 49 from the posi tion illustrated in Fig. 4 gradually opening the port 53 leading to the passage 32 which communicates with the water nozzle and will simultaneously withdraw the cleaning rod 6| and the wire 62 thereof from the outlet 35 of the liquid nozzle.

When the air or other gaseous fluid pressurev 1 ing the port 53 and shutting off. the supply of water to the liquid nozzle and simultaneously cause the cleaning wire 62 to penetrate and finally to clean the outlet 35 of the water nozzle, as illus trated in Fig. 4. Whenthe pressure on the gaseous fluid and liquid are reduced sufliciently the spring 43 will force the outer nozzle .36 rearwardly thereby gradually closing the ports 41 and finally causing the end portion of the water nozzle to penetrate and clean the outlet 36:: of the outer nozzle as illustrated in Fig. 4. It will therefore be understood that no'jet of liquid is projected from the liquid nozzle unless a surrounding jet of air is projected from the outer nozzle and dripping of unvaporized water is therefore completely avoided.

By reason of the gradual control of the diaphragm actuated mechanisms which are operated respectively by correlated air and water pressure moisture is supplied gradually to the atmosphere of the enclosure in response to variations of humidity of the atmosphere of the enclosure and the humidity of the atmosphere maintained within an exceedingly narrow range from a predetermined standard of humidity without abrupt changes in the supply of. humidity to the atmos phere of the enclosure inherent in previous constructions and without emptying the air in the line leading to the atomizer. It is found by the present invention that the atomizers can be operated on a lower average pressure, that less air is required per pound of water evaporated, that the same quality of spray is maintained throughout the concurrent variations in pressure of air and water, that a more uniform humidity is maintained, and that fogging up from full capacity where there is only a slight demand for moisture is avoided. It is also found that by the present invention the number of sizes of nozzles required in usual systems of different capacities largely reduced.

While the embodiment of the invention illustrated in Figs. 1, 3 and 4 are the preferred forms of the invention it is obvious that other specific constructions may be made an example of which is illustrated in Fig. 5. In the construction therein illustrated the main body of the atomizer is may be quite similar to that disclosed in Figs. 3 and 4.

The construction and relation of theinner water nozzle and the outer nozzle through which gaseous fluid under pressure is projected and the mechanism for actuating the same may be and are the same as in the construction shown in Figs. 3 and 4. The construction illustrated in Fig. 5, however, differs in the manner in which water is supplied to the inner or liquid nozzle and in the cleaner for the inner nozzle and the mechanism for actuating the same. I

In the construction disclosed in Fig. 5 theweb 29 of the main body is provided with a rear extension or hub 10 in axial alinement with the hub 30 and the liquid is supplied from the inletv 61 directly through a conduit H to the passage 32 which leads to the inner water nozzle. In the construction disclosed in Fig. 5 the passage 32- leads through the rear hub 10 into a Sylphon bellows 12 which has at its forward end a nut 13' The opposite end of the Sylphon bellows is provided-with a head"! having a forwardly extendinginternally threaded boss which is connected; to-a reduced screw threaded end of a plunger I6? having a reduced extension 11 of preferably triangular cross section which is slidably mounted in the passage 32 through the hubs and Ill. By reason; of this Construction passage for the liquid provided from the conduit H to the Sylphon bellows 12. A rod 13 is mounted in the end of the: triangular portion 11 of the plunger and extends axiallytherefrom and is provided with a conical end'portion l9 adapted to fit and form a. valve for a valve seat in the tapered end of the bore 34 of the atomizer nozzle. A cleaning wire 80, which is mounted in and extends axially from the end of the rod '58, is adapted to penecrate-and clean the outlet 35 of the inner nozzle.

When water under suflicient pressure is supplied to the Sylphonbellows E2 the cleaner will be retained in withdrawn position illustrated in Fig. 5.

Suitable means are provided for forcing the cleaning member forward upon reduction of liqui'd pressure to cause the cleaning wire 80 to penetrate and clean the outlet 35 of the liquid nozzle. In the particular construction illustrate'd'th'e head M is provided with a rearwardly extending hub ill upon which is mounted the end 82: of. acylindrioal cup-shaped sleeve having at its'opposite end an outwardly extending peripheral flange 83. spiral spring 84 of considerably greater strength than the spring 43 is interposed between the flange83 and an abutment 85 which isseated against the convergingly tapered wallof the rear end of the rear body portion. The'abutment desirably is provided with a forwardly extending peripheral flange 86 which surrounds the end of the spring 84- and is also provided with a cylindrical tubular extension 81 which is slidably mounted in a complementary cylindrical extension 88 of the rear body portion. A screw 8); which extends through a central aperture in the abutment 85, is seated in the-rearwardly extending hub 8| of thehead M of the-Sylphon bellows. The screw 89 is provided with a head 90 presentin a shoulder 9| adapted to engage the abutment 85 when the cleaner is moved forward by the spring 34 and thereby to limit the forward movement of the plunger rod '58 when the conical valve-shaped end. thereof is seated and the outlet 35 in the nozzle33- penetrated by the cleaning member 80.

A suitable outlet 92 is provided in the rear extension of the rear body portion to avoid compression of air in the body portion which would interfere with the proper operation of the atomizer.

In the operation of the construction disclosed in Fig. 5, as in that disclosed in Fig. 4, air and liquid under-correlated preferably the same pressures are simultaneously introduced in themanner above described. The outer nozzle is first forced forwardly to atomizing position and air supplied to it to project a jet of air through theoutlettfix. When the air and water pressures have built up sufliciently the water pressure will expand the Sylphon bellows thereby withdrawing the cleaning member and the cleaning wire from the inner liquid nozzle until the parts are in atomizing position. Upon reduction ofv thecorrelated pressures of the air and liquid the outer nozzle will be forced rearwardly by.

the; spring 43 until the end portion of the inner liquidnozzle penetrates and cleans the outlet of the outer nozzle. Thereafter the spring 84' will force the cleaning member. forward" until the valve 19 at the end of:the-rod 18 closes the water nozzle andthe wire 8.0 of the cleaning member penetrates and cleans theoutlet of the inner liquidnozzle.

It will be understoodthat the particular'selfcleaning atomizer. constructions herein shown and describedare of an illustrative character and that various changes in. construction and arrangement of parts may be made within the spirit and scope of the following claims.

Having thus described the invention, what is claimed as new and desiredto be secured by Letters Patent is:

1. A self-cleaning, atomizer comprising a head having chambers respectively for a liquid under superatmospheric pressure and" for a gaseous fluid under a pre-determined correlated superatmospheric pressure'provided respectively with outlets normally so positioned during the operation of the atomizer as to cause the liquid to be vaporized by the current of gaseous fluid, and cleaning means for the respective outlets operable respectively byinterruption of the fluid pressures of the gaseous fluid and of the liquid to penetrate and clean the respective outlets.

2. A self-cleaning: atomizer comprising a head having a nozzle for projecting liquid under'superatmospheric pressure, a nozzle for projecting gaseous fluid under superatmospheric pressure yieldably and telescopically mounted upon and having an outlet effectively fitting said liquid nozzlev and normally movable by the gaseous fluid under pressure beyond the end of said'liquid nozzle to atomizing position, cleaning means yieldably and telescopically mounted in and substantially fitting the outlet of said liquid projecting nozzle and normally retracted from the outlet thereof by the pressure of said liquid, and means operablebydiscontinuance and resumption of the respective" pressures to cause relative movements of saidair projectingnozzle-and said liquid nozzle cleaning means effectively to clean both of said nozzles.

3. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising telescopically movable and; relatively yieldable inner and outer nozzles for projecting respectively a jet of liquid under' superatmospherio pressure and an atomizing jet of gaseous fluid under superatmospheric pressure and a cleaning member for said inner nozzle movable relatively thereto all normally maintained in atomizing position by the pressures of the gaseous fluid and of the liquid, and means operable upon interruption of the supplies of the gaseous fluid and of the liquid to cause penetration and cleaning of the inner nozzle by the cleaning member and thereafter to cause the inner-nozzle to penetrate and clean the outer nozzle.

4. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising an inner nozzle for projecting a jet of liquid under superatmospheric pressure and an outer nozzle for projecting an atomizing jet of gaseous fluid under superatmosphericpressure telescopically mounted upon said inner nozzle, a cleaning member within the outlet of said inner nozzle and movable relatively thereto all normally maintained in atomizing position by the respective pressures of the gaseous fluid and of the liquid, and resilient means operable respectively upon interruption of said respective pressures-to cause penetration and. cleaning of the inner nozzle by the cleaning'member and" thereafter to cause under the same outlet of said inner nozzle and movable relatively thereto, all normally maintained in atomizing position by the respective pressures of the gaseous fluid and of-the liquid, a spring acting upon said outer nozzle to cause penetration, cleaning and closing of the outlet thereof by said inner nozzle upon discontinuance of the supply of gaseous fluid under pressure, and a springacting upon said cleaning member to cause it to penetrate, clean and close the outlet of, saidinner nozzle 'upon discontinuance of the supply of liquid under pressure, v, j v I 6. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising an in-' nernozzle for projectinga jet of liquid under superatmosphericpressure. and an outer nozzle for projecting an atomizing jet of gaseous fluid V superatmospheric pressure telescopically mounted upon and fitting said inner nozzle, a cleaning member within and fitting the outlet of said inner nozzle and movable relatively thereto, all normally maintained in atomizing position by the V respective pressures of the gaseous fluid and of the liquid, a spring acting upon said outer nozzle tocause penetration,

cleaning and closing of the outlet thereof by said inner nozzle upon discontinuanceof the supply of gaseousfluid under pressure, and a spring acting upon said/cleaning member to cause it to penetrate, clean and close the outlet of said inner nozzle upon discontinuance of the supply of liquid under pressure, the spring acttive nozzles in correlation to simultaneous increase ordecrease of said equal pressures.

9.,An atomizer having a head provided with a pressure chamber for liquid under superatmos- -pheric pressure, a nozzle communicating there with for delivering a jet of liquid, a pressure chamber for gaseous fluid under correlated superatmospheric pressure, a chambered nozzle valve telescopically and yieldably mounted upon said liquid nozzle, and movable to atomizing position by the pressure of saidgaseous fluid, a conduit establishing communication between the pressure chamber for said gaseous fluid and the chamber of saidnozzlevalvaand means respectively operable upon discontinuance of the pressure of the liquid and said gaseous fluid to cut ofi the supply of liquid and to cause said nozzle valve to close said conduit. v

10. An atomizer having a head provided with a pressure chamber for a liquid under superatmospheric pressure, a nozzle communicating therewith, means operable by variations in the pressure of the liquid for controlling the volume of liquid supplied to said'nozzlaa pressure chaming on thenozzle of the cleaning member being of sufliciently greaterstreng'th thanthat of the spring acting upon the outer nozzle, to permit completion of the movement of the cleaning member of the inner nozzle before completion of movement of'the outer'nozzle when pressures are discontinued, buttofpermit completion of the movement of the outer nozzle before completion of the movement of the inner nozzle when pressures are resumed, thereby, to prevent imperfect atomization of the liquid. 3

7. An atomizer comprising a headhaving a chamber for liquid under superatmospheric pressure, a nozzle communic'ati g therewith for projecting a jet of said liquid and achamber for gaseous fluid under superatr'nosp heric pressure having a nozzle telescopically mounted upon and yieldable relatively to saidliquid projecting'nozzle with the outlet thereofv in axial alinement with that of said liquidnozzle, and means for varying the volume of liquid and the volume of gaseous fluid delivered by the respective nozzles in correlation to corresponding;variations in fluid pressures 'of the liquid andgaseous fluids.

8. An atomizer comprising ahead having a chamber for liquid undersuperatmospheric pressure, a nozzle communicating therewith for proiecting a jet of said liquid and a "chamber for gaseous vfluid under the same superatmospheric pressure having a nozzle telescopically mounted upon and yieldable relatively to saidliquid projecting nozzle with the outlet thereof in axial alinement with that Of said liquid nozzle, and means for varying'thevolumeof liquid and the .volume of gaseous. fluid v.delivered'by the respecber for a gaseous fluid under the same superatmospheric' pressure, a chambered nozzle valve telescopically and" yieldably mounted 'upon said liquid nozzle having an outlet cooperating with that of said nozzle to vaporize the liquid andmovable to atomizing position by the pressure of said gaseous fluid, a conduit leading from said gaseous fluid pressure chamber to the chamber of said gaseous fluid nozzle having an outlet controlled by the movements of said nozzle valve to regulate the volume of fluid supplied to said gaseous fluid nozzle in correlation to the volume of liquid supplied to the liquid nozzle,

11. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising a head having an inner nozzle, a relatively movable tubular outer nozzle telescopically mounted on said inner nozzle and havin an outlet adapted to fit the end portion of said inner nozzle, yieldable means normally causing said inner nozzle to penetrate, and'clean the outlet of said outer nozzle, a cleaning member reciprocably mounted in said inner nozzle, yieldable means normally' causing the cleaning member to penetrate, clean and close the outlet of the inner nozzle, means for supplying liquid under pressure tothe inner nozzle, means forsupplying gaseous fluid under pressure to the outer nozzle, means operable by the pressure of the gaseous fluid to move the outer nozzle to atomizing position, and means operable by the pressure of the liquid to withdraw the cleaning member from the outlet of the inner nozzle and to project a jetof water therefrom into the gaseous fluid projected through the outlet of the outer nozzle. I

12. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising a head having a. chamber ,for a liquid under pressure and a chamber for a gaseous'fluid under pressure,.an inner nozzle, means for supplying liquid under pressure to said inner nozzle and to said liquid pressure chamber, a chambered outer nozzle telescopically mounted on said inner nozzle and having an outlet in axial alinement with the outletof the inner nozzle adapted to fit the end portion of said inner nozzle, means for conducting gaseous fluid under pressure to said gaseous fluid chamber and to the chamber of said outer nozzle, a cleaning member slidably mounted in said inner nozzle; having means to penetrate, clean and close the outlet thereof, resilient means acting respectively on said cleaning means cleaning and closing of the inner nozzle by the cleaning member and thereafter to cause the inner nozzle to penetrate, clean and close the outer nozzle, and yieldable means respectively connected to said outer nozzle and to said cleaning member operable respectively by the pressures of the gaseous fluid and of the liquid to move the outer nozzle to atomizing position and to withdraw the cleaning member 'fromthe outlet of the inner nozzle.

13. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising a main body'having a central hub provided with an axial passage therethrough, an inner nozzle mounted on said hub communicating with said passage, a chamberedouter nozzle slidably 'fitting said hub having a peripheral flange and having a central outlet in axial alinement with said inner nozzle adapted telescopically to fit the end portion of the inner nozzle, a cap mounted on said body having an outlet in axial alinement with said nozzles, an annular diaphragm having its periphery clamped between said cap and body and fixedly clamped to the peripheral flange of said outer nozzle providing a front pressure chamber between the diaphragm and body, resilient means normally forcing said outer nozzle toward said body to cause the inner nozzle to penetrate and clean the outlet of said outer nozzle, a cleaning member slidably mounted in the inner nozzle and axial passage of said hub having means to penetrate the outlet of the inner nozzle, and means to shut oif the passage of liquid through the inner nozzle, a hollow rear body portion connected to said main body, resilient means in said rear body portion engaging said cleaning member and normally causing it to penetrate, clean and close the passage of said inner nozzle, yieldable pressure operated means in said hollow rear body portion connected to the cleaning member, means for supplying air .under pressure to the front pressure chamber to move the outer nozzle to atomizing position and to supply air under pressure to the chamber of said outer nozzle, and means for supplying water under pressure to the pressure operated means in the hollow rear'body portion and to said inner nozzle, thereby to draw said cleaning member from penetration of the outlet of the inner nozzle and cause a jet of water to be projected by said inner nozzle into the. air under pressure issuing from said outer nozzle.

14. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising a main body having a central hub provided with an axial passage therethrough, an inner nozzle mounted on said hub communicating with said passage, a chambered outer nozzle slidably fitting said hub having a peripheral flange and having a central outlet in axial alinement with said inner nozzle adapted telescopically to fit the end portion of the inner nozzle, 2, cap mounted on said body having an outlet in axial alinement with said nozzles, an annular diaphragm having its periphery clamped between said cap and body and fixedly clamped to the peripheral flange of said outer nozzle providing a front pressure chamber between the diaphragm and body, a front spring. normally forcing said outer nozzle toward said body to cause theinner nozzle 'to penetrate and clean the outlet of said outer nozzle, a cleaning member slidably mounted in the inner nozzle and axial passage of said hub having means to penetrate 'the outlet-of the inner nozzle, and means to shut ofi the passage of liquid through'the inner nozzle, a hollow rear body portionconnected to said-main bodypa diaphragm withconnected to said cleaning member and having its periphery clamped between said rear body portion and said body providing a rear pressure chamber between .said diaphragm and body, a spring intermediate of said diaphragm and the end of said rear 'body portion for causing the cleaning member to penetrate, clean and close the passage of the inner nozzle, means for sunplying air under pressure to the front pressure chamber to move said outer nozzle to atomizing position, and means "for supplying water under pressure to said rear pressure chamber and to the inner nozzle thereby to withdraw the nozzle cleaning memberandcause a jet of water to be projected by said inner nozzle into the air under pressure issuing from said outer nozzle.

15. A self-cleaning atomizer comprising a main body-having a-central hub provided with an axial passage therethrough, an inner nozzle mounted on said hub communicating with said passage, a chambered outer nozzle having a valve portion slidably fitting said'hub and also having a peripheral flange and "a central outlet in axial alinement with said inner nozzle adapted telescopically to'fit the end portion of the inner nozzle, 'a cap mounted on said body having an outlet in axial alinement with said nozzles, an annular diaphragm having its periphery clamped between said'cap and body and fixedly clamped to the peripheral flange of said outer nozzle providing a front pressure chamber between the diaphragm and body, one or more ports leading from said front pressure 'chamber to the chamber of the outer'nozzle, a front spring'normally forcing said outer nozzle towardsaid body to cause the inner nozzle to penetrate and clean the outlet of said outer nozzle, and also to cause the valve of the outer nozzle'to close the port or ports in said hub, 'a cleaning member's'lidably mounted in the inner nozzle and axial passage of said hub having means to penetrate the outlet of the inner nozzle, and means "to shut off the passage of liquid through the inner nozzle, 'a hollow rear body por- -tion connected to said'main body, a diaphragm connected to said cleaning 'member and having its periphery clamped "between said rear body portion and said body providing a rear pressure chamber between said diaphragm and body, a spring intermediate of said diaphragm and the end'of said' rear b'odypor'tion of greater strength than said front spring,forcausing the cleaning 'memberto penetrate, clean and close the passage of the inner nozzle, means for supplying air underpressure .to the'front pressure chamber to move said outer nozzle to atomizing position, and by opening theiport or ports in saidhub gradually to supply air under pressure to said outer nozzle, and means for supplying water under pressure to said rear pressure chamber and to the inner noz- Jzle thereby to withdraw the nozzle cleaning member and cause a jet ,of water to be projected by said inner'nozzle into the air under pressure issuing from said outer nozzle, the construction being such'thatby reason of the greater strength of the'rear'spring the 'outer nozz'le will be forced to atomizing'position before the cleaning member is withdrawn from the outlet of 'the inner nozzle.

16. -Aself cleaning'atomizer comprising a main body "having -a central hub provided with an axial passage therethrough, an inner nozzle mounted on said hub communicating with said passage, -a ch'ambered :outer nozzle having a valve portion s'lidably rfittingfsaid hub and also having a peripheral flange and a central outlet in axial alinement with said inner nozzle adapted telescopically to fit the end portion of the inner nozzle, a cap mounted on said body having an outlet in axial alinement with said nozzles, an annular diaphragm having its periphery clamped between said cap and body and fixedly clamped to the peripheral flange of said outer nozzle providing a front pressure chamber. between the diaphragm and body, one or more parts leading from said front pressure chamber to the chamber of the outer nozzle, a front spring normally forcing said outer nozzle toward said body to cause the inner nozzle to penetrate and clean the outlet of said outer nozzle and also to cause the valve of the outer nozzle to close the port or ports in said hub, a cleaning member slidably mounted in the inner nozzle and axial passage of said hub having means to penetrate the outlet of the inner nozzle and means to shut off the passage of liquid through the inner nozzle, a hollow rear body portion connected to said main body, a Sylphon bellows connected at one end to said body and at its opposite end to said cleaning member and communicating with the axial passage in said body forming a rear pressure chamber, a spring in said hollow body portion normally causing said cleaning member to penetrate, clean and closethe passage of said inner nozzle, means for supplying air under pressure to said front pressure chamber to move the outer nozzle to atomizing position and by opening the ports in said hub to supply air under pressure to the chamber of said outernozzle, means for supplying water under pressure to said rear pressure chamber and to said inner nozzle thereby to withdraw said cleaning member from the outlet of the inner nozzle and to cause a jet of water to be projected by said inner nozzle into the air under pressure issuing from said outer nozzle, and a spring acting upon the Sylphon bellows having sufliciently greater strength than the spring acting upon the outer able air and water nozzles communicating respectively with the air and Water chambers,

means for supplying air and water to said chambers under correlated superatmospheric pressures, means operable by the pressures applied to the respective diaphragms to place said air and water nozzles in operative atomizing position, and means operable by the movement of said diaphragm of the water chamber upon predetermined reduction of said water pressure to prevent delivery of water to the water nozzle and thereby avoid dripping of water from said head. 4 I

18. An atomizer comprising a head having an air chamber and a water chamber each having a diaphragm wall, relatively longitudinally movable outer air and inner water nozzles, means for supplying air under superatmospheric pressure to said air chamber, means for supplying water under superatmospheric pressure to said water chamber, means for conducting air under pressure from said air chamber to the outer nozzle, a conduit connecting said water chamber to said water nozzle, valve mechanism for said water conduit connected to the diaphragm of said water chamber, means operable by the pressures applied to the respective diaphragms for causing relative movement between said air and water nozzles to place them in operative atomizing position, and means operable upon predetermined reduction of said pressures to cause said valve mechanism to shut ofi the supply of water through the water conduit to the water nozzle 40 thereby to avoid dripping of water from said head.

HERMAN F. SIMON.

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