US2342148A - Vapor generator - Google Patents

Description

Fb. 22, 1944. w. F. KEENAN, JR

VAPOR GENERATOR Filed May 18, 1940 '2 Sheets-Sheet 2 sea, 0M

DlfEA Patented Feb. 22, 1944 uNrrEo .STATES PATEN 'orifice VAPOR GENERATOR of New York Application May 18,119.40, Serial No. 335,982 In Canada June lo, 1939 13 Claims. (Cl. 122-328) lThe invention relates to vapor generators, and

provides a compact and simplified construction which renders the generator especially well adapted for fuse in industrial steam power plants or the like, although the Ainvention is capable of 'I'he particular advantages and features of novelty which characterize my invention will be apparent from the following description ,considered general application in the heating of liquids and vapors.

in connection with the accompanying drawings A forming a part thereof, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a transverse vertical sectional view of a -vapor generator embodying a preferred form of the invention, taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view taken online 2-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on line 3-3 of Fig. 2, and

Fig'. 4 is a horizontal sectional viewsimilar -to Fig. '3, but illustrating another' form of the `invention. y

Like characters of reference refer to the same `or to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the drawings, Figs. l to '3 illustrate a three drum, symmetrically arranged vapor generating unit having a refractory setting which includes a rctangualr oor portion l0, verticallfront and rear walls II and I2 respectively, and side walls I 3-and I 4, the upper portions of which are inclined inwardly to a centrally disposed upper drum .|5, which extends longitudinally of the setting. Drum I5 is supported at its front end by vertical steel columns I6 and I1 and 4cross beam I8, and at its rear end by similar-steel columns I9 and 20 and cross beani 2l. Adiaeent the lower portions of the'si'de walls are lower drumsV 22 and 23 which are parallel with the upper drum and connectedlthereto'bv symmetrical f groups or banks of vapor generating tubes 24 and 25 respectively, which extend substantially parallel with the adjacent side wall and are so arra'nged that the outermost rowof tubes of each group forms a water. wall for the inner surface l 'space between the innermost` row of tubes 24 and the row adjacent thereto, is a baille wall 28 which extends upwardly from the lower drum 22 v to the upper drum, andlongitudinally of .the setting from the front wall to within a. comparatively short distance of the rear wall of the setting. A baffle wall' 29 is similarly disposed within the bank of tubes 25.- These baliiewalls provide in part, an interior furnace chamber 3D, which is fired by a plurality of fuel burners 3| centrally positioned in the front wall of the setting. Preheated air for combustion is supplied to the burner `casing 3|' through a plurality of parallel tile, floor cooling conduits 32, which are open to the atmosphere at therear of the setting at 33, and which, imder operating conditions, are protected from the intense heat of the furnace chamber by suitable refractory material 34. Refractory piers 35 and 3B form the .lower side walls of the furnace chamber and serve to protect the drums 22 and 23 respectively. The rear wall of the setting is air cooled by a single air duct 38 which extends vertically from the top to the bottom of the wall, and horizontally for the width of the furnace. .Circulation of air through the `air duct 38 4is provided by suitable air inlets and outlets 39 and lll respectively.

In operation, products of combustion produced by the burners flow longitudinally through the furnace chamber from front to rear, and adjacent the rear wall they divide and pass around the rear end of each bame wall to flow forwardlyin two passes over the main groups of tubes 24 and 25 disposed between the bale walls and the side walls of the setting. Asshown'in Figs. l to 3 of the drawings. transverse bellies 4I and 42 extend downwardly from the upper drum through the tube .groups 2l and 25 respectively to a point approximately midway between the upper and lower drums, and serve to deflect the furnace gasesdownwardly in 'each tube pass as they move forwardly before they flow upwardly over the remaining portions of the heating surface vbetween the transverse hales and the front wall, to leave the furnace through uptake iiues 43 and 44 adjacent either side of the upper drum at the forward end of the setting. The ow of the spent products of combustion through each outlet flue is controlled .by dampers-IS and 46 respectively, which may be operated by any suitable means not shown. The baiiles 4I and 42 prevent any tendency of the furnace gases to by-pass a portion of the heating surfa'ce before entering the uptakes.` `Any type of firing means, other than the fuel burners shown, may be employed if desired.

The form of the invention illustrated in Fig. 4

is similar to the form previously described excepting that the baille walls 28' and 29' extend forwardly from thel rear wall of the setting and form an interior furnacechamber 30' in which there is a reverse flow of gases towards the front wall before the gases enter the main groups of heating tubes 2l and 25 between the side walls and the respective baiile walls, and are nally discharged through uptake flues 43 and E4, which in the present case, are disposed adjacent the rear end of the unit.

The present invention provides an improved vapor generator of relatively simple and symmetrical construction, the component parts of which are capable of being readily standardized to facilitate fabrication and erection. Heat losses by radiation through the walls of the unit are minimized due to the interior arrangement of the combustion chamber which is almost entirely enclosed within banks of heating tubes and other groups of iioorand wall cooling elements. Obviously if desired, a portion of the steam generating surface may be omitted, and superheating elements installed in the Place thereof to meet nal steam temperature requirements.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the particular form, location and arrangement of the several parts of the apparatus disclosed without departing from the principles of the invention, wherefore the invention is not to be limited excepting by the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. A vapor generator comprising a setting, an upper drum, two spaced lower drums, a bank of vapor generating tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum, a furnace between said tube banks, burner means for firing the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream of products of combustion to the opposite end of said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of iiow, and a baille wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of the bank for a distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the'furnace to the tube bank.;` 2. A vapor generator comprising a setting, an,`

upper drum, two spaced lower drums. a bank of vapor generating tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum, a furnace between said tube banks, burner means for ring the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream of products of combustion to the opposite\end of said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of flow, a baffle wall in each tube bank between rdws of tubes onithe furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of the bank for a distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, and tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum and disposed adjacent the wall on said opposite end of the furnace.

3. A vapor generator comprising a setting, an upper drum, two spaced lower drums, a bank ,of vapor generating tubes extending between the upper drum. and each lower drum, a furnace between said tube banks, burner means for firing the furnace positioned at one ,end thereof tc direct a horizontal stream of products of combustion to the opposite end of said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of flow, a baille wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of the bank for a distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, and air cooling means for cooling the wall on said opposite end of the furnace.

4. A vapor generatorcomprising a setting, an upper drum, two spaced lower drums, a bank of vapor generating tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum, a furnace between said tube banks, burner means for iiring the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream of products of combustion to the opposite end of said furnace where the stream thereafter* divides and reverses its direction of flow, a bafiie wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of the bank for a distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, and means for passing air in heat exchange relationship with oneof the walls of the furnace to preheat the air for said burner.

5. A vapor generator comprising a setting, an upper drum, two spaced lower drums, a bank of vapor generating tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum, a furnace between said tube banks, burner means for firing the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a' horizontal stream of products of combustion to the opposite end of said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of flow, a baiile wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of the bank for a distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, and means for passing air in heat exchange' relationship with the floor of the furnace lower drum and the upper portions extend inwardly in' a vertically inclined direction to the upper drum, a furnace between the tube banks dened in part by a baffle wall in each tube bank between the ,two innermost rows of tubes therein and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of the bank for a distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, burner means for ring `the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream o f products of combustion to the opposite end of -said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of flow, and tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum and disposed adjacent said opposite end wall of .the furnace.

'l'. A vapor generator comprising a setting having side and end walls, a single drum disposed in the upper central part of the setting, a lower drum disposed adjacent each side wall and parallel to the upper drum, tube banks connecting the upper drum and each iower drum, the outermost row of tubes of each bank lining the inner surface of the adjacentside wall, the tubes of each bank being bent so that the lower portions extend substantially vertically upwardly from the.

lower drum and the upper portions extend inwardly in a-vertically inclined direction tothe upper drum, a furnace' between the tube banks defined in part by a baille wall in each tube bankV between rows-of-tubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of thebank for a distance short ofthe entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace tothe tube bank, burner means for firing the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream of products of combustion to the opposite end of said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of flow,

tubes extending between the upper drum and eachA lower drum and disposed adjacent said opposite end wall of the furnace, and baille means for directing the now of gases over the tubes in each extend substantially vertically upwardly' from the lower drum and the upper portions extend inwardly in a vertically inclined direction to the' upper drum, a furnace betweenl the tube banks defined in part by a baiile wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the bankand extending between the upper and lower for a distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, burner means for flring the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream of products Aof combustion Ato the opposite end of said vfurnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of flow, tubes extending between theV upper drum' and each lowerdruinv and disposed adjacent said opposite end wall ofthe furnace', baiile means for tube bank, burner means for ring the furnace positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream of products of combustion to the opposite end of said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of ow, tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum and disposed adjacent said opposite end wall of the furnace,v baille means for directing the ilow of gases over the tubes ineach bank, means for air cooling said opposite end wall, and means for passing air in heat exchange relationship with the floor of the furnace to preheat the air for the burner.

l0. A vapor generator comprisinga setting, an

upper drum, two spaced lower drums, a bank of vapor generating tubes extending between the up- `per drum and each lower drum, a furnace between said tube banks, burner means for firing the furnace positioned at one end thereof todirect a horizontal stream of products of combustion to the-opposite end of said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of now, and abaiile wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending'between the upper and lower drums of the bank from said opposite end of the furnace and longitudinally of the bank to a point short of theend of the furnace' in which said burner is positioned to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank.

l1.' A vapor generator comprising a setting, an

' upper drum, two spaced lower drums, a bank of V bank and extending between the upper and lowerdrums of the bank and longitudinally of thebank directing the flow of gases over the tubes in each bank, and means for air cooling said opposite end wall.

9. A vapor generatorcomprising a, setting having side and end walls, a single drum disposed in the upper central part of the setting, a lower drum disposed adjacent each side wall and parallel to the upper drum, tube banks connecting the upper drum and each lower drum. the outermost row of tubes of each bank lininggthe inner surface of the' adjacent side Iwall, the tubes of each bank being bent `so that the lower portions extend substantially vertically upwardly from the lower-drum and the upper portions extend inwardly in a vertically inclined direction to the upper drum, a furnace'between the tube banks dened in part by a baiile wall in each tube' bank between rows of ltubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of thebank. for distance short of the entire extent thereof to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the vapor generating tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum, a furnace between said tube banks, burner means for firing the furnaceA positioned at one end thereof to direct a horizontal stream o f products of combustion to the opposite endof said furnace where the stream thereafter divides and reverses its direction of now, .a baille wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the drums of the bank from said opposite end of the furnace and longitudinally ofthe bank `to a point short of the end of the furnace in which said burner is positioned to provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, andtubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum and' disposed adjacent the wall on said op- 'drum disposed adjacent each side wall and par- 4allel to theupper drum,` tube banks connecting 'the-upper drum and each lower drum, the outermost row of tubes of each bank lining the inner v surface of the adjacentside wall, the tubes of each bank being bent so that the lower portionsextend substantially vertically upwardly from the lower A drum and the upper portions extendA inwardly in and lower drums a 'vertically inclined direction' to the upper drum, a furnace between the tube banks defined in part by a baiiie wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes'on the furnace side of the bank and ex-l tending from one end wall and between the upper of the bank and longitudinally of the bank for-'a distance short of the opposite end of the furnace to `provide a gas passage from the furnace to the tube bank, burner means for'Y firing the furnace positioned -in said opposite end comprising a burner to direct a horizontal stream of products of combustion which ows successively in the furnace from said burner to the other end of said furnace reversingits direction there- 'after to now over the tubes of each bank in parupper drum, two spaced lower drums, a bank of vapor generating tubes extending between the upper drum and each lower drum, a. furnace between said tube banks, a bathe wall in each tube bank between rows of tubes on the furnace side of the bank and extending between the upper and lower drums of the bank and longitudinally of the bank from one end thereof for a distance short of of products of combustion to said opposite endof the bank where the stream thereafter divides and passes through the gas passages into the tube banks, said stream owing through the banks in a direction opposite to that in which it flows lo through the furnace.

ANNE B. HENDERSON, Eecutra: of the Estate of Walter F. Keenan, Jr.,

Deceased.

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