US2314866A - Screw clamp - Google Patents

Description

March 30, 1943.- osco 2,314,866

SCREW CLAMP Filed Jan. '17, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l mnnnnnnnnnnnn nnfinnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnnn:

INVENTOR. 7

BY :5 (16059633050? I ("4?! IN\I'ENITOR. I M Q 6120596330500 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ATTQRNEY5,

G. B. BOSCO scREw CLAMP I Filed Jan. 1?, 193a March 30, 1943.

Patented Mar. 30, 1943 T OFFICE;

The present invention relates to forms for molding concrete and masonry work, and more particularly to means for removably supporting the forms in' operative position and the process of arranging and employing the forms in assembling a masonry structure. 7

It is an object of this invention to provide a new clamp member for assembling concrete forms and the like which is simple in construc-' tion and capable of being readily assembled and disassembled and readily extracted from the forms, as well as from the masonry without damaging the work.

It is a further object of this invention to pro,- vide a clamp for masonry forms having a tie-rod portion capable of being located interiorly of the form and thus centrally of the finalcast mason ry but which can be extracted relatively freely therefrom whether the masonry is in the greenv or finally hardened condition.

A yet further object of the present invention is to provide a device as above wherein the f nal removal of the clamping assembly frornthe work leaves the terminal portions of the resulting 'a p-. erture clear and unobstructed so that it. canjbe readily pointed to close the aperture anapreserv uninterrupted the exterior surface character of the masonry.

An additional object of the present invention is to provide form clamping means of the general character defined above having'a plurality. Oi

separable portions adapted to be individuallyremoved from the wor-l; after hardeningtthereof, the various portionsbeing readily separableor having special means thereon adaptdto' bej enj gaged for facilitating removal from the'wo The present invention comprehends theprog vision of composite clamping means for concrete forms and the like which may be embedded-in the work and which comprises a central member adapted to space portions of the 'iorntasiwell when caused, to expand longitudinally, tends to i'n n verse d me i n r er to Perm t ready extraction from an enclosing mayor hardened r'nasonry.

A still further object oi the presentinvention is to provide a simplified and improved method d n r pacin ap sed mrt s d crete forms; using threaded clamping barsin combination with a readily'availablearid 'el' mental type of fastening ior engaging the threads andia portion of the forrn'f o r retaining the bars axially it r nect to theio'rmf Yet. another obiect of the present invention is to provide a method and meansfioir assembling sectional, poured masonry structures 1 thef'ns of formsvwhich aresecnred essively to each newly cast section oi mas ndicontemplate's' the provision of a firm, r forth structure's-t all times capable of wi tandin'g pressure or the interior masonry mas r dutth'e'necessity of additionaibracing or staging and which is readily removable from thefset we e-"mating the 'surface thereof free from imperfctiensor projec Hons or I Numerous other objects and advantages will o u ly a pear dur' iglthe' u s ndfir '55 'Ef ignre 1 is tr persp ectiife'view of a concrete form. constructed emergen e with thepresent invention, Y

l Eigureg is a detail pl'an' section takenon the line. '25:? i Figur 5 Fignre 3 is a se ional plan view"showi ng an alt rnative cqncro te iprm constructed in-accord ancewith the present invention. 1 3 Figure 4 is a detail plan section taken on the l 11 f 4iin F l fiifi- Figure 5 is a se tionat elevation through the finished, wall ShQWl the screwblamp' partsiii disassembled relationship tofi' r idicat'e'the removal hereof om the W k as to tie them together, having, in comb tion', I

an element which protects the aforeine tioned central Inember'and permits relatively free re moval thereof from the work at all times, A cording to the present invention theprotec g member may be so constructed as to be relatlvely readily removed from contact with the masonry after the other element of the combination'has been withdrawn therefrom. f i

It is, accordingly, an additional object of the present invention to provide a clamping member having a central tie-rod in combination with a protecting enclosingimember formed of resilient, flexible, extensi le or ela tic mate ial whi h,

Fig-l re 5 is anelevational view of the conical 5 .983? mam s;

taken on theline 6-16 in -Eigure 5'. a perspective .yiew of a tool for. i zeita mer e' fr t 1 i e 8is'a vertical sectional elevation of. yet

6 ,fii a Figure 9 is a vertieal elevational view of a modification oi the structure in Figure 811"" j ir'e 1 5 a det i S ne al an. "vi w taken on he' ne 19,- unrem Figure 11 isa s'e tional' elejgation taken through er e ea rem p m tbr e e t -2 assistance of the form members shown in Figures 8 and 10.

Figure 12 is a sectional elevational View through a preferred type of form assembly constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 13 is a sectional detail elevation through a portion of the masonry structure cast in the form shown in Figure 12.

Figure 14 is a perspective detail view of a breakback employed on the clamping bars shown in Figure 12.

Referring to the figures of the drawing wherein the invention is disclosed more in detail, and particularly Figures 1 and 2, there is disclosed a form for a masonry column comprising form faces 10, I2, I4 and [6 arranged to form a rectangular enclosure. These form faces may be made 7 in the conventional manner from a plurality of blanks joined by the battens l8 and 20. The liners or Whalers 22 of relatively heavy framing material are clamped on either side of the form through the agency of the screw clamps 24 to resist the disruptive forces of considerable magnitude produced interiorly of the mold during the casting of the plastic masonry material.

. Each screw clamp comprises an integral bar member 26 extending through alined apertures in the opposed Whalers. Both ends of the bars are threaded as at 28 to accommodate the clamping wing nut 36. As clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2, the bar 26 may be so arranged that it is spaced from the battens 32 which are fastened to the side form faces. A pair of wedges 34 are then driven between the battens and the bar to rigidly position these side form faces. In order to assist inassembly, the Whalers may be toenailed to the form faces by nails 36.

The disassembly of the above described structure, after thejmasonry has hardened or set, will be a relatively. simple matter. After the nuts 36 have been loosened and removed from the work, the wedges 3 4 and the bars 26 may be readily driven out after which the form faces can be readily separated and pulled apart.

The alternative preferred structureshown in Figures 3 to 5 is adapted'for use in forms for casting relatively expansive masonry walls or partitions wherein opposed sections of form' faces of considerable extent must be tied together by clamps extending through the space in which the masonry casting is to be made; In accordance with this embodiment the opp'ose'd form faces 16 and I4:constitute theiopposite walls of theform that are stiffened through the agency of studding members 38; The opposed parallel'whalers 22 engage the opposite outer faces of the studs 38 and ,clamp. the whole assembly 'therebetween through the agency of the screw clamps 24jextending throu h, suitable alined apertures in the whalers, as well as the form faces. 7 I I 1' Attention is directed to the fact that the studding, members 38 are preferably arranged symmetrically With respect to the clamping bar so that the clamping forces will beevenly distributed to the form faces. For the purpose of permitting complete and easy removal of the clamping bar 26.from the work, after setting and hardening has taken place, there is provided in accordance with the present invention a tubular member 40 which is slidably arranged on the bar 26. It will be obvious in accordance with this disclosure that, since the tube 46 surrounds and encloses the bar 26 thereby protecting it from contact with the masonry, the latter member may be readily withening the nuts 36 and applying axial pulling force. According to one aspect of the present invention the tube 40 may be permitted to remain permanently within the work in which case it may comprise any suitable inexpensive tubing, such for example as paper or cardboard tubing. On the other hand, if reinforcing strength is desired, metallic tubing may be inserted at this point.

It is generally desirable in the present art to provide a finished wall free from apertures, as a result of which the opening left by removal of the bar 26 must be cleared so that it can be filled or pointed with a suitable mortar mixture. To this end there is provided in accordance with the present preferred embodiment a pair of resilient, contractable sleeves 42 formed of rubber or the like and slidably arranged on the bar 26 adjacent the ends of the tubular sleeve 40. It will be noted that the sleeves 42 are of generally conical form, the ends being truncated at a transverse dimension corresponding with the diameter of the tubular sleeve 46. The base portions of the sleeves 42 are, as clearly shown in Figures 3 and 4, arranged in abutment with the inner faces of the form faces 10 and M with their other extremities abutting the ends of the central tubular member. It will be obvious from this disclosure that the sleeve members 40 and 42 may be used to accurately space the form faces l6 and I4 in accordance with the wall thickness desired.

As shown more clearly in Figures4 and 6, each of the conical sleeves 42 is provided with an annular recess 44 extending from the central bore, the recess being bounded adjacent the base portion of the cone by means of the inwardly extending lip 46. The lip 46 is in turn interrupted by radial relieved portions 48 which are configurated to permit the passage of the end of the tool shown in Figure 7. The tool has a shank portion 50 mounted at its end with a fixed, transversely extending bar 52. After th end of the tool is inserted into the face of the cone sleeve and rotated through a small arc, the ends of the bar 52 engage under the lip 46 so that the tool may be actuated by pulling upon the handle 54 to draw the cone member reversely from the finished wall.

, L Figure5 clearly illustrates the removal of the clamping screw assembly by first disassembling oneof the nuts 36 and then withdrawing the bar 26 and the'sleeves 42, using the procedure hereinbefore defined. The conical apertures formed by removal of the conical sleeves 42 are shown provided with a mortar filling 56 bonded directly to the masonry work piece so that the exterior appearance of the finished wall is uniformi v The alternative preferred form for masonry construction; shown in Figures 8 to 10 inclusive comprehendsthejemployment of a tubular member slidab y mounted on and-enclosing the bar drawn from the work at anytime by merely loos- 7 5 26'which tubular member, however, extends preferably through th form faces I6 and I4 so as to project substantially from the finished Work. The tubular member 58 is made of a flexible, extensiblermaterial, preferably a substance which is resilient and elastic, such as rubber. It has been found that, after the central bar 26 has been slidably removed from the tube 58 when the masonry casting has been completed,' the extensible, tubular member 58 may be readily removed by merely grasping the protruding end thereof and exertingan axial pull thereon. It is thought that this novel and unobvious result 'means of the sleeper blocks '62. then laid on the top surface of the whaler and as well as to clamp them against interior expansive forces. To this end it will be noted that the Whaler '60 is secured to the studding 38 by The bar 26 is the staple 65 driven in place, as shown in Figure 10, so that it engages into the groove formed by the threads 35. Accordingly, the bar may be fixed with respect to the opposed, parallel Whalers 68. In order that the clamping nuts 30 will exert a direct axial force upon the bar 26 a second whaler member or liner 68 is placed above the bar, as clearly shown in Figures 8 and '9, whereby the flat clamping face of the nut 30 engages the alined edges of the members (it and 68. According to the arrangement shown in Figure 8 the nails if! securing the lower Whaler in place are driven upwardly through the sleeper "member 62 while, according to the alternative structure of Figure 9, they are shown as bein driven downwardly. When proceeding in accordance with the aspect of the present invention, it is unnecessary to bore holes in the Whalers or to provide spacing members of special dimension.

Figure 11 discloses the sectional appearance of the finished wall after the forms have been disassembled and the clamping screws removed therefrom with the resulting aperture sealed with mortar.

.The bar 26, as shown in the enlarged View in Figure 10, is flattened on opposed sides 21 so that the threads thereof are interrupted on both sides. Rods of this kind can be readily made by flattening opposed sides of a round bar and then rolling threads thereon. It is prefered that the threads be extended completely from one end of the bar to the other so that the stock may be furnished in long pieces and then out to the proper length in accordance with the demands of the particular work. The provision of the opposed, flattened sides 2? has numerous advantages. Among these is the fact that the bar can be readily gripped for twisting or removing from the work. This feature further renders the threads self-cleaning of rust and mortar by providing a free space into which the foreign ma.- terials are crowded by the threads on the nut.

The embodiment disclosed in Figure 12 is particularly useful in the fabrication of massive masonry structures which are poured or built up progressively in overlying sections. The upper portion of a hardened and set lower concrete section is indicated by the reference numeral i2. During the casting of this portion, bar members 14 having a hooked end '16 have been embedded in. the masonry mass so that the threaded end 18 thereof projects from the finished vertical surface. At the same time a U-shaped anchor member 30 has been embedded in the upper surface of the mass at a point removed a substantial distance from the said vertical side. These two means serve to rigidly anchor and support the side forms for pouring the next layer of masonry. The side form comprise the form face or sheeting 82 stiffened by studding 38 joined by a plurality of liners or Whalers 84, 8E and 88.

Attention is directed to the fact that the side forms are bored to receive the projecting threaded end 18 of the bar 14, the form being clamped in place by means of the nut 30. The form is further bored adjacent its upper end to receive the diagonally extending bar 99 having a hooked lower end 92 engaging in the U-shaped anchor 83 and threaded at its upper end as at 9% to receive the clamping nut 3d. The form assembly is prevented from inclining inwardly by means of the brace bar 95 which engages in a block Q8 fastened on the inner face of the form face 82. The brace bar 95 may, if desired, be removed from the position shown after the form has been partly filled with concrete. Attention is directed to the upper clamping bar it mounted in a suitable aperture in the form and positioned so that it will be surrounded by and embedded in the cast masonry. The dotted lines in the figure indicate the successive positioning of a further anchor member 33 for again supporting the forms during the casting of a subsequent superposed layer. After the masonry has hardened and set, the three nuts are removed from the bars i i and 9d whereupon the form can be readily removed from the work and again set up with respect to the upper anchor members M and 83 in the same manner, as has been hereinbefore described.

In use, the bar 96 need not be provided initially with the bent end 92. Preferably it may be furnished in a straight section and, after assembly with the form, it can be inserted under the anchor 8d and bent reversely, thus being readily adapted to connect with the anchor member regardless of its positioning.

Breakbacirs Iilfi provided upon the bars "id and 95 to facilitate readily snapping them off when their usefulness has ceased, comprise indentations clearly shown in Figure 14. Preferably these indentations are made by driving a sharp instrument into the bar, for example, as by cold forging, and it has been found that this structure renders it possible to break the bars with increased facility by twisting while at the same time the tensile strength of the bars is in no wise lessened.

Particular attention is directed to the fact that the breakbacks Hi6 are so positioned with respect to the structure that they reside slightly within the exterior surface of the finished masonry structure. Accordingly, the bars tend to twist or break off interiorly of the work, as shown in Figure 13, being thus protected from corrosion and capable of being readily sealed by pointing with a suitable mortar.

ihe present invention provides improved and highly simplified means for assembling forms for concrete work and the like and which completely eliminates the normal difiiculties in assembling and disassembling the forms, as well as in removing the tying and spacing members from the cast masonry. When proceeding in accordance with the present invention it is unnecessary to apply inordinate pressures to accomplish disassembly such as would damage the finished work. The forms in all cases offer no difficulty in assembly and may be employed to space the various portions thereof, as well as tie them together against expansive forces.

It is thoughtthat the invention and numerous of its attendant advantages will be understood from the foregoing description and it is obvious that numerous changes may be made in the form, construction and arrangement of the several parts without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention, or sacrificing any of its attendant advantages, the form herein described being a preferred embodiment for the purpose of illustrating the invention.

The invention is hereby claimed as follows:

1. For use in combination with a form for molding concrete masonry or the like and having opposed, spaced wall sections providing a molding space therebetween, a clamp for joining the two sections comprising a longitudinally extending clamping member disposed between said sections, and an extensible, tubular member substantially enclosing the clamping member and being freely separable therefrom in a longitudinal direction, said tubular member having continuous, integral walls throughout its length, the clamping member comprising a bar having opposed, substantially fiat, longitudinally extending faces, said bar having threads formed on the intermediate surfaces thereof with the said flat faces left plane, the threads extending continuously throughout the length of the bar.

2. In a form for casting and shaping masonry and the like, a pair of spaced walls providing a molding space therebetween, a clamping member extending between said walls and comprising a bar, and a sleeve axially slidably mounted on said bar, said sleeve being formed of a continuous, integral, resilient, rubber-like material and extending a substantial distance beyond the sides of the molding space sufficient to facilitate grasping thereof for free removal of the resilient tube from the final cast unit by a moderate axial pull.

3. For use in combination with a form for casting and shaping masonry and the like comprising a pair of spaced walls providing a molding space therebetween, a clamping member adapted to extend between the walls and beyond the said walls on the outer sides thereof and comprising a bar, said bar having a central section adapted to extend within said molding space and outer sections adapted to extend outwardly from said walls, a sleeve axially slidably disposed on said bar, said sleeve being formed of resilient extensible rubber-like material and being disposed over said central section and a substantial portion of at least one ofsaid outwardly extending sections of the bar to facilitate grasping thereof for free removal of the resilient tube from the final cast by a moderate axial pull.

4. For use in combination with a form for casting and shaping masonry and the like comprising a pair of spaced walls providing a, molding space therebetween; a clamping member adapted to extend between the walls and beyond the said walls on the outer sides thereof and comprising a bar, said bar having a central section adapted to extend within said molding space and outer sections adapted to extend outwardly from said walls, a sleeve axially slidably disposed on said bar, said sleeve being formed of resilient extensible rubber-like material and being disposed over said central section and a substantial portion of said outer sections of the bar to facilitate grasping thereof for free removal of the resilient tube from the final cast by a moderate axial pull.

5. In a form for casting and shaping masonry and the like, a pair of spaced walls providing a molding space therebetween, a clamping member extending between said walls and comprising a bar, and a sleeve axially slidably mounted on said bar, said sleeve being formed of an extensible rubber-like material and extending a substantial distance beyond at least one side of the molding space suificient to facilitate grasping thereof for free removal of the resilient tube from the final cast unit by a moderate axial pull.

6. A masonry structure comprising a unit having opposite spaced faces and a sleeve adapted to centrally receive a clamping bar and extending substantially between said opposed faces internally of said masonry unit, said sleeve being formed of extensible rubber-like material and hawing an extremity extending a substantial distance beyond one face of said masonry unit sulficient to facilitate grasping thereof for free removal of the resilient tube by a moderate axial pull.

GEORGE B. BOSCO.

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