US2261752A - Fluid pressure motor - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 4, i941. N. w. BUCKNER FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Jan. 24, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet l www Nov. 4, 1941. N. w. BUCKNER 2,261,752

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Jan. 24, 1940 4 sheets-sheet 2 Nov. 4, 194i. vNqw. BucKNER- FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR 4 Shee'ts-Sheet 3 Filed Jan. 24, 1940 r, A l.

Nov. 4,1941. N. w. BUCKNER 2,261,752

FLUID PRESSURE MOTOR Filed Jan. 24, 1940 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 l ggxl; 'l 1%:1 2

Patented Nov. 4, 1.1941

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE FLUID PRESSURE Mo'roR Nolan W. Buckner, Coalinga, Calif. Application January 24, 1940, Serial No. 315,422

I 4 claimtr (ci. 121-123) This invention relates to improvements in motors adapted to. be actuated by iiuid under pressure.

An object of the present invention is to provide an improved fluid pressure motor of the reciprocating piston type, especially suitable for pump actuation, but capable of general or other specific uses.

With the above object in view, the present invention consists in the novel form, combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter more fully described, shown in the accompanying drawings and claimed.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary view, partly broken away, partly in central vertical section, and partly in elevation, illustrating a deep well pump provided with a uid pressure motor embodying the present invention and operatively arranged within the well casing.

2 Figure 2 is an enlarged central longitudinal sectional view of the fluid pressure motor shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a view similar to. Figure 2 with the power piston of the motor at the end of its down stroke.`

Figure 4 is a transverse section online 4-4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is a similar view on line 5-5 of Figure 2. y Figure 6 is a view similar toFigure 3 illustrating a modied form of fluid pressure motor embodying the present invention.

Figure 7 is a horizontal section on of Figure 6.

Figure 8 is a section on line 8-8 of Figure 6.

Figure 9 is a vertical sectional view of a further form of motor embodying the present invention, installed above the surface for actuation of a well pump.

Figure 10 is a somewhat diagrammatic view, partly Ain elevation and partly broken away and in section, illustrating use of the motor of Figure 9 for operating a pump used to inject a chemical into an oil pressure line.

Figure 11 is an elevational view o'f a modied form of the motor shown in Figure 9, adapted for general use in driving machinery; and

Figure 12 is a fragmentary vertical section on line I2-I2 of Figure 11.

Referring in detail to Figures 1 to 5 inclusive of the drawings, 5 indicates a casingl which extends downwardly from the surface of the well to the oil strata. Mounted concentrically within the casing 5 is tubing 6 which extends line 1-1 downwardly in the casing 5 to a point near the oil or water level in the bottom of the well. Secured to the lower end of tubing 6 is the upper end of a power cylinder 1 of the uuid pressure motor forming part of the present. invention. Additional tubing 6a is attached to the lower end of power cylinder I and connected to the upper end of a pump cylinder 8, and arranged below the power cylinder I is a packing assembly 9 which is packed outwardly against the inner surface of the casing 5 to close the Aoil passage, formed within the casing 5 on the outside of the cylinders I and 8 and tubing 6 and 6a,.above the packing 9. The pump cylinder 8 extends below the packing 9 into the fluid to be elevated from within the well, and is provided at the bottom with the usual stand valve Ill. The usual piston or plunger II is provided in the pump cylinder 8. The plunger or piston Il has an up- 0 wardly extending piston rod I2 which is connected at I3 with the lower end of a piston rod I4 extending downwardly from a power piston I5 arranged vfor reciprocation in the power cylinder l.

As shown more clearly in Figures 2 and 3, the power cylinder I is provided near its lower end with a wall I6 forming a guide for the piston rod I4 and through which the latter slidably extends. 'I'he wall of power cylinder l is formed with passages II which have check valves IIa at their upper ends and communicate at their lower ends with tubing 6a below wall I6, and

' which communicate at their upper ends with tubing 6 above wall I8. The power cylinder I is also provided near the top with another similar wall I8 having perforations or openings I9 which permit passage of actuating iluid and the fluid being pumped upwardly from the power cylinder 'I into the tubing 6 for discharge from the well. The power piston I5 is provided below its head with a wall 20 to which the rod I4 is connected and which is provided with perforations or openings. 2| equipped with flowcontrol nozzles 2Ia. The wall 20 is formed at the top with a central recess 22 adapted to form a protecting seat for a valve head 23 as will later become apparent. The head of power piston I5 is also provided with a central opening 24 cooperating with the openings 2l in wall 20 to afford a passage through the piston. The underside of the head of power piston I5 is provided with a valve seat 25 for the valve head 23 in surrounding relation to the opening 24, and extending upwardly from valve head 23 is a stem 26 that freely extends through the central opening 24 inthe head of piston I6 and slidably extends through a central opening in the wall I8 of power cylinder 1. Adjustably threaded on the upper end of stem 26 is a strokeadjustment nut 21, and provided on the stem 26. below the wall I8 and above the valve head 23 is a valve trip stop 28. A relatively short helical compression spring 29 is loosely arranged on the stem 26 above the valve trip stop 28 and beneath the wall I8, while a similar spring 30 is arranged on said stem 26 above the wall I8 and below the stroke-adjustmentl nut 21. The

arrangement is such that the stem 26 has a l limited sliding movement through the springs 29 and 30 before the latter are respectively engaged by the stroke-adjustment nut 21 and valve trip stop 28, for a purpose which will presently become apparent. Provided in the side of power cylinder 1 is an inlet opening 3| for actuating fluid, and such actuating fluid is adapted to be suitably pumped under pressure from the surface into the space between the well casing 5 and the tubing 6 and 'power cylinder 1. For this purpose, the casing 5 may have a head 32 at its upper end provided with a suitable packing gland 33 through which the tubing 6 extends, said head 32 being provided with a side opening for connection with a pipe 34 extending from a suitable source of fluid under pressure. The skirt of power piston I5 is preferably of a length to have its lower end portion slide across the inlet opening 3| at the end of the downstroke of piston I5, and this lower portion of the skirt of power piston I5 has an opening 35 adapted to register with the inlet opening 3| to permit entrance of actuating fluid into the power cylinder 1 and within the piston I5 at the end of such down stroke. Also, the arrangement is such that when the power piston I5 reaches its downward limit of movement, the stroke-adjustment nut 21 has engaged spring 30 and compressed the latter slightly so as to stop further downward travel of stem 26 and cause engagement of valve head 23 with its seat 25 in the head of piston I5 as shown in Figure 3. On the other hand,

. near the end of the up-stroke of power piston I5, valve trip stop 28 will have engaged and compressed spring 29 to prevent further upward movement of stem 26 and cause unseating of valve head 23 from its seat 25.

In operation, the stroke-adjustment nut 21 strikes the bumper spring 30 at the end of the down stroke of the piston I5, and the valve 23 in the piston closes. The pressure of the actuating iiuid then forces the valve 23 and piston I5 upwardly until the Valve trip 28 causes spring 29 to strike the wall I8 of the cylinder 'I and stop upward travel of the valve 23. The piston still continues to rise so that the valve 23 is unseated and then drops into the valve protecting seat.22. A free passage is thus caused through the entire piston, and all moving parts then travel downward with the actuating fluid passing upwardly through the piston until the stroke-adjustment nut 21 strikes the bumper spring 30 again, closing the valve 23 for a repetition of the cycle of operation. Obviously, reciprocation of power piston I5 in this way causes corresponding reciprocation of pump plunger or piston I I so as to cause the fluid in the well to be pumped upwardly through the tubing 6a, passages I1 in the walls of power cylinder 1 and tubing 6 to the surface, such well fluid passing through the tubing 6 with the actuating fluid.

pressure motor, the inlet port 3| of power cylinder 1 is preferably valve-controlled so that it is closed when the power piston I6 reaches its limit of upward movement and while said power piston undergoes its down stroke. For this purpose, a valve band or ring 36 is frictionally fitted in the cylinder 1 below the piston I6 so that it will remain in any position to which it is slid longitudinally of said cylinder 1 unless forcibly moved. A suitable actuating element 31 is rigidly carried by the piston rod I4 below the valv'e band 36, and

this actuating element is arranged to engage band 36 on the upstroke of .piston I5 and shift said V valve band upwardly to the position of Figure 2 wherein said valve band 36 overlies and completely'closes the inlet port 3|. For most of the down stroke of piston I5, the valve band 36 will remain in place to keep the inlet port 3| closed. the actuating element 31 lowering away from valve band 36 with piston rod I4. As the piston I5 approaches its lower limit of movement, the skirt of said piston engages the valve band 36 and shifts the same downwardly so as to uncover the port 3| as shown in Figure 3. The use of valve band 36 for controlling inlet port 3| is optional, and it serves to close the inlet port 3| on the upstroke of the piston I5 and to keep it closed during most of the down stroke thereof. However, elimination of valve band 36 and continuous ow of the actuating uid through the piston on the down stroke of the latter will not materially affect the operation if such uid is freely vented through the piston at that time by openings 2I and 24. The length of the stroke of piston I5 can be set by adjusting the stroke-adjustment nut 21, the length of the stroke being equal to the distance between the stroke-adjustment nut 21 and the valve trip stop 28. l

The modified form of the fluid pressure motor shown in Figures 6 and 7 is identical in all general respects to that shown in Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, .but said form of Figures 6 and '1 embodies a piston rod Ida which is hollow and extends through and well above the piston |5a, the bore of rod 14a opening through one side of the latter below the cylinder 1 as at 38. This permits the pumped liquid or oil to pass from the tubing 6a into and through the rod I4a so` that it is discharged into the tubing 6 above the power cylinder la before mixing with the actuating fluid admitted to cylinder 1a for operation of power piston |5a. Accordingly, the walls of cylinder 'la need have no passages like those at I1 in Figure 2, but the stem 26a and valve head 23a are hollow so that the rod |40, slidably extends therethrough.

Otherwise, the construction of Figures 6 and 7 is similar to that of Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, and remaining like parts of both forms are indicated by similar reference characters.

When using the present fluid pressure motor for sub-surface power for deep well pumps, all rods can be eliminated from the surface to the point where the power piston is located. It will be seen that I have provided a. very simple and compact construction which will be durable and efficient in operation, and minor changes in the exact details of construction illustrated and described are contemplated within the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

In Figure 9, I have shown a further modified form of the present motor installed above the surface for actuation of a well pump 4I). The power or motor cylinder 1b is' mounted upon a suitable support 4I disposed directly over the pump 40, and the piston rod I4 of the motor is coupled at its lower end to the upper end of the pump piston 42 as at 43. In this embodiment, the power cylinder 1b is provided with means 44 to facilitate connection of a pressure fluid supply pipe 45 therewith directly in communication with the inlet port 3| of the motor. The upper end of the power cylinder 1b is closed by means of a hollow vertically elongated cap 46 having a lateral outlet 41 for the motive uid connected with a discharge pipe 48. Also, in this embodiment, the valve stem 26h has a fixed head 21a on the upper end thereof insteadr of being threaded and provided with an adjustable stroke-adjustment nut as in the previously described forms. In this embodiment, the stroke adjustment is effected by means of a vertically adjustable screw 49 threaded through the top of the cap 46 and having its lower end arranged in the path of the stem 26h. Obviously, by vertically adjusting the screw 49, the upward travel of stem l26h can be properly limited so as to govern the particular time in the upward movement of the piston i when the valve 23 will be unseated. The head 21a engages and compresses the spring 30 in the same way as this is accomplished by the nut 21 in the form of Figures 1 and 2, to eiect seating of the valve 23 at the proper time when the pilston completes its downward stroke. In this way, a very great amount of stroke adjustment may be had, and a jamb nut 50 may be used to secure the screw 49 in adjusted position. A further protecting cap 5i may be threaded on the upper end of the cap46 to enclose and protect the upper end of the adjusting screw 49. Otherwise, the construction of the motor is substantially the same as that shown in Figure 2 and remaining like parts are indicated by similar reference characters in Figures 2 and 9.

In Figure I have illustrated the motor of Figure 9 installed for use in operating a pump employed to inject a chemical into an oil pressure line, as is practiced in the oil industry to break down the emulsion before the oil is suitable for refining purposes. In this installation, 52 is the oil line conveying the oil under pressure in the direction indicated by the arrows a. Mounted over the line 52 on a support 53 is the chemical injecting pump 54 having a supply line 55 for the chemical and a discharge line 55a, through which the chemical is forced into the oil line 52 in the direction of the oil iiow, said discharge line 55a passing into the line 52 as illustrated. The present motor of the form shown in Figure 9 is illustrated as mounted upon the base 53 directly above the pump 54 Iby supporting means 56, the

y piston rod I4 of the motor being coupled to the piston rod 51 of the pump 54 as at 58. It will of course be understood that the motor, in installations of the kind illustrated in Figures 9 and 10, will not require either the passages I1 of the form shown in Figure 2 or the hollow rod Ma on the return or down-stroke The present motor is also adaptable for general use in driving machinery and the like, in which case the power cylinder 1b may be mounted upon a hollow base 6i as shown in Figures 11 and 12, the piston rod i4c of the motor being operatively connected with a driven shaft 62 horizontally arranged to extend through the base 6i and journaled in opposite sides of the latter.

The operative connection may be of any desired kind, although the form shown is preferable as vit readily permits adjustment of the pistonstroke of the motor as contemplated and by means of the adjustment means illustrated in Figure 9. This operative connection consists in providing the lower end of meshing with a gear 64 rotatably tted on drive shaft 62 and provided with ratchet means whereby the gear 64 may cause turning of shaft 62 when said gear is turned in one direction and to permit-the gear 64 to idle or turn relative to shaft 62 when said gear 64 is rotated in the opposite direction. Such ratchet means may consist of a ratchet wheel 65 keyed on shaft 62 and engaged by similarly facing spring-pressed pawls 66 pivoted on oneside of the gear 64. In this way, as the piston of the motor is reciprocated, intermittent rotation of gear 64 is caused in one direction so as to drive the shaft 62, the gear 64 being idly turned backwardly or in the opposite direction. In other words, upon the upward or power stroke of rod I 4c, the gear 64 will be turned and will cause rotation of shaft 62, while of the piston rod i4c, the gear 64 will be turned freely backwardly relative to the vshaft 62 Without interfering with the continued rotation of said shaft 62 in the first-mentioned direction. In a drive of this kind it is desirable to provide the shaft 62 on one projecting end thereof with a y wheel 61, and power may be transmitted from the motor to any desired machinery or apparatus in any suitable way, such as byla transmission belt passing around a pulley 68 keyed on the opposite projecting end of shaft 62. Otherwise, the construction of the motor in Figures 11 and 12 is identical with that of Figure 9, and remaining similar pants are indicated by like reference characters in both of these views.

What I claim as new is:

1. In a device of the class described, a fluid pressure motor including a cylinder openat its upper end for the outlet of pressure fluid, a piston having a passage therethrough and operatively mounted in said-cylinder, the cylinder having a pressure-fluid inlet below the piston, means including a valve carried matically closing the passage therethrough when said piston approaches its lower limit of move- A ment and for automatically opening said passage as in Figure 6. The pressure iiuid may consist of the oil under pressure in the line 52, the same being conducted from said line by means of a pipe 5S entering the line 52 at one end and communicating with the inlet 3| of the pump the same as pipe 45 in Figure 9. The discharge line 66, which is similar to the discharge line 48 of Figure 9 extends into the oil line 52 down stream with respect to the supply line or pipe 59. Thus. the oil under pressure and flowing through the oil line is used as the motor uid for the motor which operates the pump arranged to discharge or inject a chemical into the oil in said oil line. as stated.

when said piston approaches its upward limit of movement, said last-named means including an apertured wall in said cylinder, a stem carried by said valve and slidably projecting upwardly through said wall, stop members carried by said stem in spaced relation to and above and below said wall, and relatively short springs arranged on said stem at opposite sides of said wall. v

2. In a device of the class described, a uid pressure motor including a cylinder open at its upper end for the outlet of pressure fluid, a

'piston having a passage therethrough and operatively mounted in said cylinder, the cylinder having a pressure-duid. inlet below the piston, means including a valve carried by the piston for automatically closing the passage therethe rod I 4c with rack teeth |53` `by the piston for auto- 4 i through when said piston approaches its lower limit of movement and for automatically opening said passage when said piston approaches its upward limit of movement, said last-named means including an apertured wall in said cylinder, a stem carried by said valve and slidably projecting upwardly through said wall, stop members carried by said stem in spaced relation to and above and below said wall, and relatively short springs arranged on said stem at opposite sides of said wall, said piston having an apertured wall below the head thereof provided in its upper side with a valve protecting seat arranged to receive said valve when unseated.

3. In'a device of the class described, a iiuid pressure motor including a cylinder open at its upper end for the outlet of pressure fluid, a piston having a passage therethrough and operatively mounted in said cylinder, the cylinder having a pressure-fluid inlet below the piston, and means including a valve carried by the piston for automatically closing the passage therethrough when said piston approaches its lower limit of movement and for automatically opening said passage when said piston approaches its upward limit of movement, said piston having a skirt provided at its lower portion with an opening'adapted to register with the pressure iiuid inlet of the cylinder when said piston reaches its lower limit of movemen 4. In a device of the class described, a fluid pressure motor including a cylinder open at its upper end for the outlet of pressure iiuid, a pis-. ton having a passage therethrough and operatively mounted in said cylinder, the cylinder having a: pressure-fluid inlet below the piston, means including a valve carried by the piston for automatically closing the passage therethrough when said piston approaches its lower limit of movement and for automatically opening said passage when said piston approaches its upward limit of movement, a valve band frictionally iltted in said cylinder below the piston and arranged to open and close said pressure-fluid inlet, said valve band being movable to open position by said piston when the latter approaches its lower limit of movement, a rod carried by and depending from said piston, and an actuating element carried by and movable with said rod for moving said valve band to closed position when said piston approaches its upward limit of movement.

NOLAN W. BUCKNER.

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