US225995A - Brick and tile machine - Google Patents

Description

4- Slmets-Sheet 1. J. W. PENFIELD. Brick and Tile Machine.

No. 225,995 Patented Mar. 30, 18.80,

WITNESSES I mvamr'on ATT MP ETERs. FHOTO-LJTHOGRAFHER, WASHINGTON, D C.

4 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. W. PBNPIELD. Brick and Tile Machine.

No. 225,995 Patented Mar; 30, 1 880.

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WITNESSES INVENTOH %mM/(7/. 21? 7 WWM jd/ w a wl ma ATTORNEY N-PETERS. FHOTO-LITI'IOGRAF'HER- WASHINGTQN. D C,

4 Shee-tsSheet 3.

J. W. PENPIELD. ,Brick and Tile Machine.

No. 225,995 Patented'Mar. 30, 1880.

WITNESSES iNVENTOR ATTORNEY NPEIERS. FHOTO-UTMOGRlPHER. WASHINGTONv D C.

4 Sheets Sheet 4,

J. W. PENFIELD. Brick and Tile Machine.-

No. 225,995 Patented Mar. 30, I880.

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N-FETERS. PHoTo-u'mbGRAMER, WASHINGTC'N. D Cv JAMES W. PENFIELD, OF WILLOUGHBY, OHIO.

BRICKAND TILE MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 225,995, dated March 30, 1880.

Application filed October 23, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JAMEs W. PENFIELD, of Willoughby, in the county of Lake and State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Brick and Tile Machines; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it pertains to make and use it, reference being bad to the accompanying drawings, which form part of this specification.

My invention relates to brick and tile machinery; and it consists in the construct-ion hereinafter described and claimed.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is a view, in longitudinal section, of a device according to my invention, adapted for themanufacture of tile. Fig.2 is an isometric view of my device, showing the tile-carriage and end thereof. Fig. 3 shows my tile-carriage as lowered in its position for receiving tile from the smaller and lower dies. Fig. at is aview, in side elevation, of my improved machine.

Ais any suitable body or casing for containing the pugging-shaft. This casing is provided with a suitable mouth, A, into which is introduced the clay.

The clay is treated and fed forward in the casing A in any suitable manner, as in respect to the casing A and pnggingshaft B, per se,

I do not claim any invention, and these parts may be varied at pleasure.

I have, however, improved the construction of a tile-machine by making the puggingshaft B hollow from end to end and introducing therein a stem, B, of the core B By this construction the following advantages are attained: First, the core B is firmly secured in position and may be effectually prevented from rotating. Second, the stem B, by opposing its longitudinal strain, serves as a brace to strengthen the pugging-shaft and apparatus. This will be apparent when the fact is considered that in machines of this class the end pressure or strain of the auger or puggin g device B is very great, and. by passing the stem B entirely through the puggingshaft and securing its rear end by a nut-andpin arrangement, which prevents its rotation,

and at the same time securely fixes it in place, operates, as before specified, to brace and strengthen the parts through which it passes and prevents their displacement while in operation, thus lessening the liability to breakage or faulty operation.

B is a master-wheel fixed upon and driving the pugging-shaft. This wheel I prefer makin g in the form of a gear-wheel, and the motive power may be applied to this wheel in any suitable manner whatever. I have found that a more steady and even operation of this wheel may be effected by driving it with-pinions engaged at two or more points, instead of a single pinion at a single point, thus lessening any. liability to bind, and effecting a more even running of the machine with a corresponding diminishment of wear to the gearing.

Such a gearing as just mentioned may be arranged as follows: Two pinions, O and G, engage with the drive or master wheel B These pinions O and G are placed upon independent shafts driven by gear-wheels O and O, which gear-wheels engage with and are driven by a single driving-pinion, D, fixed upon a shaft, to which the motive power is primarily applied.

E E are pinions gearing with and driven by the master-wheel B These pinions are fixed upon hollow shafts, to the other ends of which are attached spiral conveyers E E which operate to feed and force out the clay in making the smaller-sized tile, as will hereinafter more fully appear.

The shafts of the pinions E E, like the pugging-shaftB,are both made hollow, and through them pass the stems of their respective cores, in the same manner and for the same purpose as before specified of the stem B.

Coming, now, to a description of my machine as respecting the dies, cores, carriage, and cutting apparatus, it will be found illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3 of the drawings.

My device is only designed to operate either the large die alone or to close said die and operate the two smaller dies situated below. When the upper or large die is to be employed the lower ones are to be closed by a plate covering them and when the lower ones are desired to be used, then the upper and large die is removed and a closed head-piece put on in its place, and in either case the tile-carriage and cutting device are adjusted in height as may be required.

It will be sufficient for the purposes of this specification to describe the operation of my device for either the large upper die or the two smaller lower dies, and I will proceed to describe the operation of my device with the two lower dies closed and the large upper one in operation.

By the revolution of the pugging-shaft B the clay is forced out of the casin g A through the annular exit around the core B thus shaping the clay in the form of said die, which may be square, round, oval, or of any desired form of cross-section. As the'clay escapes from the die it is received upon the carriage F, which consists, essentially, of a floor constructed of anti-friction rollers; or the carriage may be in the form of a trough or tube. The latter form I prefer to use with large tile and the former one in making brick or squarehollow ware.

As the clay is pushed forward from its die upon the carriage F it finally strikes against the plate G, which is attached to the arm of the rotary cutter G. This cutter revolves and is fixed upon a shaft, G which receives its motion through a pinion gearing with the master-wheel B or with any suitable pinion or gear-wheel connected with said masterwheel.

The gear-connection between the masterwheeland rotary cutter G is adapted to be automatically engaged and disengaged, in order to impart to the rotary cutter an intermittin g operation instead of a constant rotary movement. To effect this I make the shaft G longitudinally movable together 'with its attached parts. Thus, when the clay, as it is driven from its die, strikes against the plate Gr, it operates to drive forward said plate,

and with it the shaft G and its attached parts, thus throwing into gear the connection with the master-wheel above described. When this is done a rotary movement is imparted to the cutter G, whereby the clay is severed into one or more parts, according to the number of hooks 9 attached to the cutter G.

During the revolution and operation of the cutter G, a spiral cam, G is made to engage with a stationary stud, G whereby the shaft is gradually moved back to its position before it was first moved by the striking of the clay against the plate G, as specified. This cam G is so constructed that it shall operate to disengage the gear-connection between the rotary cutter G and the master-wheel B when the wires 9 are perpendicular, or substantially so.

Inasmuch as an important feature of my invention consists in the rotary cutter G, I will describe it and its connection with the carriage through which it operates.

The cutter, considered by itself, consists, essentially, in a suitable frame or arm fixed upon the shaft G for carrying the cutting-wires g.

This shaft passes through one edge of the carriage, substantially as shown in the drawings, although the specific construction of parts is a matter in which I do not limit myself.

That portion through which the cutter operates has its fingers or rollers or platform, however it may be constructed, attached at but one side-namely, that through which the shaft G passes. The other end or side is left open, like a comb, to allow of the passage of the cutting-wires g.

In order to prevent kinking or bending of the tile during its impingement against the plate G and while being cut by the wire g, I make the carriage yielding or movable, so that during this time the carriage is moved out as fast as the clay is forced from its die.

After the cuttingwires 1 have performed their function the spiral cam G operates, in addition to its function before described, to return the carriage back to its original position.

The carriage F is made vertically adjustable to receive clay from either the upper or lower dies by being fixed upon one or more adjustable standards, F, sliding within pipe-supports, and made vertically adjustable in any suitable manner, either by rack-and-pinion arrangement or by nut-and-screw device, or in any other manner.

I have found a convenient method of attaching the cutting-wires g by means of movable hooks-namely, by attaching the hook with the wire secured thereto to the shaft operating the cutter and fastening the opposite end of the wire to the arm of the cutter-frame by means of a pin or equivalent device. This arrangement permits of a quick and easy replacement of any wire that may break, as substitute hooks may be kept at hand suitably armed with wire.

My machine is clearly adaptable to the manufacture of tile or brick, and for the manufac ture of brick it is only necessary to provide dies of suitable dimensions and to dispense with the core B without any other material change.

What I claim is' Y 1. A brick or tile machine provided with a cutter, G, having intermittent rotary movement, substantially as specified.

2.- In a brick or tile machine, one or more cutting-wires, g, fixed upon and carried by a suitable arm adapted to have an intermittent rotary movement, substantially as shown.

3. In a brick or tile machine, the combination, with a traveling carriage provided with an impinging plate and a rotary cutter, of mechanism, substantially as described, adapted to operate the cutter as the clay strikes against said plate, substantially as set forth.

4. In a brick or tile machine, a rotary cutter, in combination with the cam G for throwing said cutter out of gear, substantially as specified.

5. In a brick or tile machine, the combina tion, with a yielding or moving carriage, F, of the spiral cam G3, whereby said carriage is returned to its former position after having been driven forward, substantially as and for the purposes specified.

6. In a brick and tile machine, the combination, with a tubular pngging-shaft, of an internal stem provided with a core at one end, substantially as set forth.

7 In a brick and tile machine, the combination, with a tubular pngging-shaft, of an internal shaft provided with a core at one end and a fastening device at the opposite end, which secures the parts together, substantially as set forth.

8. In a tile-machine adapted interchangeably to make large or small tile, as specified, two or more smaller dies and cores, each proname to this specification in the presence of 0 two subscribing witnesses.

JAMES W. PENFIELD.

WVitnesses:

JNo. (JRoWELL, Jr., WILLARD FRAOKER.

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