US2235970A - Underfired coke oven - Google Patents

Description

L wlLPuTTE UNDERFIRED COKE OVEN March 25, 1941.

Filed Jue' 19, 1940 lNvENToR 0a/s MLM/riz' ATTORNEY man Ms. 2s, 194i N 2,235,910

UNITED STATT-:s PATENT OFFICE c UNDERFIRED COKE OVEN Louis Wilputte, New Rochelle, N. Y.; aligner to Wilputte Coke Oven Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of Maine I Application June 19, -1940, serial No. 341,259

s Claims. (c1. 2oz-26B) i' d 'I'he present' invention relates to the construcspring receiving chambers or spaces are formed i tion oi a coke oven battery structure of the underby metal bars which form the side edge portions iired type and having coking chambers and heatof the supporting deck, and are secured to the f ing walls of the general character commonly emreinforced concrete body portion of the deck by 5 ployed in this country and abroad for the manuanchor bolts.

facture of metallurgical coke, and the general By locating the cushion springs and associated object of the present invention is to provide a adjusting provisions within chambers or spacesin structure of the type mentioned including novel `the deck structure with access for their adjustand desirable means for resiliently opposing the ment from the basement space of the battery, I

tendency of the lower ends of the vertical buckavoid disadvantages experienced with prior ar- 10 stays at each side of the battery, to move outrangements. In particular, the new arrangement wardly away from the center of the battery. makes the adjusting provisions for the lower The usual underiired coke ovens used in the ends of the buckstays readily accessible fotr` ad-- production of metallurgical coke are all alike in justment at all times, and those provisions and l; having vertical buckstays at the sides of the batthe associated cushion springs are housed in a tery, each of which has an upper portion bearing dry clean space in which they are out of the way, against a corresponding heating wall end and has and are shielded from injurious accidental cona lower portion in abutting relation with the end tacts. of a regenerator division Wall directly beneath the The various features of novelty which charheating wall. Each vertical buckstay at one side acterize my invention are pointed out with par- 0f the battery CllStOlnarily has its Upper end COnticularity in the claims annexed to and forming neeted by Ineens including a tie bOlt and a Spring a part of this specication. For a better underto the corresponding buckstay at the opposite standing of the invention, however, its advan- Side 0f the battery. HeretOfOre, the lOWeI VEnd 0f tages, and specifi@ Objects attained with its usey each buekstey has been yieldingly held against reference should be had to the accompanying movement away frOIn vthe Genter 0f the battery. drawing and descriptive matter to which I have by means customarily including an anchor belt illustrated and described a preferred embodiment rigidly anchored in the reinforced concrete supof the invention porting deck, or slab, on which the coke oven 0f the drawing; w brickwork massisdirectly supported, and a cush- Fig, 1 is a Somewhat diagrammatic end ele- 30 ion spring interposed between the outer side of vationof the battery with parts broken away the buckstay and an abutment nut threaded on and in Section; g the outer end of the anchor bolt, and requiring Fig, 2 is a partial Section taken onu-1e 1in@ 2 2 Bdlustnlent t0 keep the Cushion Spring linder of Fig. .1, and on a larger scale than the latter; proper tension notwithstanding changes in the Fig. 3 is a partial section on the line 3-3 of 35 3 width of the battery occurring in its operation. Fig 2;

In'accordance with the present invention, the Fig 4 is a partial section 0n the line 4 -4 of lower ends of the buckstays are yieldingly re- Fig. 2; and l -V strained against outward movement by bolts con- Fig. 5 is a partial section on the line 5--5 of o lnected at their outer ends to the buckstays and Fig, 3, r40 each extending inte a Chamber 01 Space Which The underflred coke ovenbattery illustrated by iS fermed in the Supplting deck 0f the battery way of example in the drawing, comprises an and which also receives a cooperating cushion elongated masonry mass A. The masonry massA spring. The Outer end of the spring engages the may be formed with transversely extending cok- Outer end Wall 0f the Spring receiving Chamber ing chambers, heating walls and regenerator 45 er Space. The inner end of the spring is engaged spaces, which need not be illustrated or described by an abutment nut threaded on the inner end ,herein as they form no part of the present invencf the corresponding tie bolt, and angularly ad- 'ti0n, and may be of any usual or suitable type, ,instable to vary the extent to which the spring such, for example, as theI type shown in the Pavitt is compressed. The said chambers or spaces are Patent 2,098,013. The masonry massA rests upon 50 open at their underside to the characteristic baseand is directly supported by a slab B,,of reinforced ment space of the battery so that each of said concrete commonly called adeck, and customarily abutment nuts is accessible for angular adjustdivided into a series of sections running longiment at any time. In the preferred form of the tu'dinally of the battery with transversely extend present invention, the Aouter end walls of the ing expansion joints between the sections. 55

The deck B, as shown, is supported by a metallic structure comprising beams C and C'. The beams C extend transversely of the battery, and are spaced apart by a distance which ordinarily is twice the distance between the center lines of adjacent coking chambers. As shown, the deck B is directly supported by the beams C' which extend longitudinally of the battery each between two adjacent beams C, and are supported by flange parts C2 attached to the webs of the beams C. The beams C are supported at their ends by the masonry D which forms the side walls of the characteristic underred battery basement space d and which, as shown, surrounds, and forms the walls of, waste heat tunnels E running longitudinally of the battery. Intermediate their ends, the beams C are supported at intervals by reinforced concrete columns D extending up through the basement space d from the battery foundation proper (not shown), which forms the bottom wall of said space.

At each side of the battery are the usual vertical buckstays F each with its upper portion in front of and in supporting relation with one end of a corresponding heating wall, and with its lower portion in front of and in supporting relation with one end of a regenerator division wall directly beneath the heating Wall. As shown, the two buckstays F' at the opposite ends of each heating wall are connected at their upper ends in the usual manner by means comprising a tie rod G and a cushion spring H surrounding c. threaded end portion of the tie rod, and interposed between the upper end of one of the buckstays and an adjustable abutment nut G' threaded on the tie rod. In respect to the above mentioned parts A-H, the battery structure illustrated is of known type and includes nothing claimed as novel herein.

The present invention comprises the novel means now to be described, for resiliently opposing the tendency of the lower end of each buckstay to move outwardly away from the center of the battery under the mechanical and thermal stresses to which the battery structure is subjected when heated up and in regular operation. As shown, said means comprise tie bolts I, each of which has its threaded inner end extending into a corresponding cell or spring chamber Blo formed in the adjacent edge portion of the deck B. A nut I threaded on the inner end of each tie rod I and an associated washer I2 form an adjustable abutment for the inner end of a cushion spring J. The latter surrounds the tie rod and is positioned relative to the latter by a tubular body or thlmble I3 which may or may not be welded or otherwise attached to the corresponding washer I2. The outer end of the spring J engages a metal bar K which forms the outer end wall for the chambers B1 formed along the corresponding edge of the deck section. Each member K is rigidly connected to the corresponding deck section by the bolts L anchored in the reinforced deck structure.

As shown best in Fig. 4, the resilient connection for the lower end of each buckstay F, comprises two tie bolts I, one at each side of the beam, and each acting on the beam through a cross bar I5 engaging the outer edge oi' the buckstay. Each of the tie rods I extends through the corresponding bar I5 and engages the latter through a nut I4 threaded on its outer end. As shown, each cell or chamber B1", has its side, top, and inner end walls lined by a metallic casing element M, which may be put in place prior to the pouring of the concrete which forms the body portion of the deck section in which the casing element is thus embedded. As shown in Fig. 5, each casing element M may well be in the `form of an inverted trough with a rounded bottom as shown in Fig. 4, and with its mouth open to the basement space d, so that, as shown best in Fig. 3, the nut I is readily accessible from the basement space. for wrench engagement and adjustment as required to subject the corresponding cushion spring J to the proper compression.

As is well known to those skilled in the art, a modern coke oven battery used in the production of metallurgical coke, ordinarily is about 40 feet wide and is formed of silica bricks, and each oven elongates about 8 inches during the period in which the battery is being heated up to working temperatures. The transverse expansion at the bottom portion .of the battery structure A is smaller but still substantial. While the tie bolts G and I do not restrain or restrict the thermal expansion of the individual bricks, they do control the transverse expansion of the battery structure as a whole, in the sense and to the extent that they restrict the tendency to irregular local joint opening effects. To properly serve their purpose, the tie bolts must oppose the tendency of the buckstays to move away from the center of the battery under the expansion thrust of the brickwork with a denite force large enough to suitably restrict the joint opening tendency and low enough to avoid/crushing the bricks or rupturing the tie bolts.

In the construction shown, the yielding, retaining force acting upon the buckstays, depends upon the extent to which .the cushion springs H and J are compressed, and to keep said force within suitable limits, the adjustment nuts G and I' must be adjusted from time to time. While little change in the width of the battery structure occurs after the battery is initially brought up to full working temperatures, the capacity for adjustment of the compression to which the cushion springs G and J are subjected, is desirably maintained throughout the operative life of the battery. With the described construction, each of the cushion springs J, and the corresponding adjustment nut I are housed in a clean dry space, with the nut at al1 times accessible for adjustment from the basement space. In the respects just noted, the present invention has great advantages over the prior practice in which the lower ends of the buckstays are held in place by cushion springs at the outer sides of the buckstays and acting between the latter and adjusting nuts on the outer ends of tie bolts anchored in the deck member B, generally as are the tie bolts L.

With the present invention, the cushion springs J are in a. much better location than when in the space at the outer side and immediately adjacent the lower ends of the buckstays. That space is necessarily restricted as a result of .the pipe connections to the regenerators and the reversing valves also located in the space. Moreover, if the battery is adapted for optionally iiring with rich gas or lean gas. as is customary, lean gas supply mains are usually arranged at the sides of the battery at about the level of the lower ends of the buckstays as are the mains P shown in the drawing. In consequence, the cushion springs located in the space at the outer side of the lower ends of the buckstay, are apt to interfere with battery operations, and are exy 285,970 posed to'accidental blows and other injurious contacts unless embedded as they sometimes are, in a slag or analogous foundation tor-a bench plate pavement, such as the foundation N for oven brickwork, a'. reinforced concrete deck above? said space and supporting said brickwork mass and having spring chambers in its side edge porl tions and spring abutments at the outer ends o! the pavement O shown in the drawing. lsaid chambers, vertical buckstays at the sides ci 5 When the cushion springs are at ithe cuter said ma, and tie bolts extending into said spring sides or the lower ends of the buckstays and emchambers and each connected at its outer end bedded in a pavement foundation, the correa correspondingbuckstay and provided at its in--vfvV sponding adjustment nuts are not accessible for ner end with an adjusting nut accessible for ad@` 1G adjustment, and the operativeness oi the springs -justment from said basement space and cushion 1Q- is apt to be destroyed in lwhole or large part. by springs within said spring chambers and each the entrance o! solid slag particles intothe spaces compressed between a corresponding one of vsaid v between the spring convolutions. i adjusting mits and the abutment at the outer To facilitate the proper adjustment voi! the ad. end oi the corresponding spring chamber. l5 justing nuts li'` particularly during y 4. An underilred coke oven battery having a 15 heating up operation.V one or more scale marks basement space and comprising a mass of coke Q may advantageously be placed on the innerl oven brickwork. areinforced concrete deck above f wall of the casing member M. in position to cof` said space and supporting `sind brickwork mese, operate with the washer I, in providing an "metallic casingfparts incorporated in the side A accurate and easily read measure o! the actual edge portions ci deck and forming walls 20' i length ci the compressed spring. or ot the diff o! spring chambers open at their undersides to f ference between the actual spring length and the said basement space,' vsaidv :deck comprising an spring length corresponding to the desired com abutment portion end ci each of said pression oi the spring. 1 vy 4 chamberavertical buck'stays 'at th'esidesfofsaid i 1, While in accordance with the provisions ofthe-155mm. end ,ccnnecticns between "the lower ends 25 L- statutes. I have illustrated and describedlthe" oi the' buckstaysandsaid deck member, eachsuch best iorm of embodimentof invention now` f connection comprising a cushionspring in van known to me, it will-be apparentgto those skilled f adiacent spring itsfouter end in in the ant that changes may bel-,made in the torml-- engagement with the abutment 'at the 'so .oi' theV apparatus disclosed without departing Vouter end of said chamberfandatension mem- 30 from the spirit oi' myinvention as set `fonti: in ber acting between theinnereid'oi' said spring the appended'ciaims and that injsome'cases cerand an adjacent buckstayiendoadjustable means?Y tain features o! my invention'mey be used to -acoessible for adjustment from said basement advantagewithout a correspondinguse of other j. space for varying the extent to which'the spring f 1.5l features. l. Y l is compressed by the first mentionedmeans. 35 l .Having n ow described 'my invention, what I 5. An underlired coke-oven battery having a y' [claim as new andfdesiretc secure .by Letters basement space and oomprislnga mas'sjoi coke t Patent.'is: f f l Y oven brickwork, areintorced concrete deck abovev i 1. 'An underiired coke ovenbatteryl having av said space and supporting said brickwork mass j 4o basement space andcom-prising a mass' o! coke and having spring chambers in its side edge por- 40 '5 oven brickwork, a reinforced concrete deck above l .tions and including metallic parte at its side said space and supporting said brickwork mass edges forming spring abutments at the outer ends and having spring chambers in its side edge porof said chambers, and metallic anchoring means tions and spring abutments at the outer ends of for said pants extending inwardly into said Vdecl: Y said chambers; vertical buckstays at the sides of from its side edges, ventical buckstays at the sides 46 I said mass,` and connections between the lower of said mass, and tie bolts extending into said ends ci' the buckstays and said deck memben spring chambers and each connected at its outer each such connection comprising a cushion spring -end .to a corresponding buck'stay and provided at y in an adjacent spring chamber with its outer end its inner ends with an adjusting nut' accessible in engagement with the abutment at the outer for adjustment from said basement space and 5 end of said chamber and means acting between cushion springs within said spring chambers and the inner end of said spring and an adjacent each compressed between a corresponding one of buckstay. said adjusting nuts and an abutment at the outer 2. An underred coke oven battery having a end of the corresponding spring cham-ben basement space and comprising a mass oi coke 6. Anunderred coke oven battery having a 55 oven brickwork, a reinforced concrete deck above basement space and comprising a mass of coke said space and supporting said, brickwork mass oven brickwork. a reinforced concrete deck above and having spring chambers in its side edge porsaid space and supporting said brickwork mass tions and spring abutments at the outer ends of and having spring chambers in its side edge pors co said chambers, vertical vbuckstays at the sides tions and spring abutments at the outer ends of 50 of said mass, and connections between the lower said chambers. vertical buckstays at the sides oi' ends of the buckstays and said deck member, ch said mass, and tie bolts extending into said spring such connection comprising a cushion spring in chambers -and each` provided at its inner end an adjacent spring chamber with its .outer end with an nut accessible for adjustmentV m in engagement with the abutment at `the outer from said basement space and cushion springs 05 g end oi' said chamber and means acting between within said spring chambers and each compressed the inner end of said spring and an adjacent between a corresponding one of said adjusting buckstay, and including adjustable means acnuts and the abutment at the outer end of the corcessible for adjustment fromsaid basement space responding spring .ch-amber, andayoke member at :n i'or varying the extent to which the spring is comthe outer dde of each buck-stay and :to which is 70 pressed by the first mentioned means. connected the outer ends of two of said tie bolts.

- 3. An underiired c'oke 'ovenjbattery having a one at each side ci Seid buckstay.l vbasement space and vcomprising a mass o! coke l f' LOUIS WILPUTTE.

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