US222844A - Improvement in paper-box machines - Google Patents

Description

5 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A. I. SIMMONS. Paper-Box Machine.

No. 222,844. Patented Dec. 23,1879.

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NPETERS. FHOTO-UTHOGRAPHER. WASHINGTON D O.

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 A. I. SIMMONS. Paper-Box Machine.

No. 222,844. Patented Dec. 23,1879.

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4 AMMG J/W N- PETERS. FHOTO-UTHOGRPHER, WASHINGTON D. C-

5 Sheets-Sheet3.

' A. I. SIMMONS. Paper-Box Machine.

No. 222,844. Patentd Dec 23, 1879..-

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\PETERS, PHDTO-LITHOGRAPNER, WASHINGTON D C '5 Sheets-Sheet 4.

A. I. SIMMONS. Paper-Box Machine.

No. 222,844. Patented Dec. 23, 1879.

Ina/anion minasaas'.

MFETERS, FHOTO-LIIHOGRAFHEK, WASHINGTON, D. C.

UNITED STATES PATENT QFFIGE.

ADOLPHUS I. sIMMoNs, OF UTIoA, NEW YORK, AssIeNoE To JAMEs EAToN AND J. EMoEY EAToN, or sAME PLAo ONE-THIRD T0 EAoE.

IMPROVEMENT IN PAPER-BOX MACHINES- Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 222,844, dated December 23, 1879; application filed May 8, 1879.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, A. I. SIMMONS, of Utica, State of New York, have invented a Machine for Making Paper Boxes, of which the following is a specification.

The object of my invention is to facilitate the manufacture of cheap paper boxes, materially increasing the number which may be made in any given time, and thereby reducing the cost, and it is more particularly designed for the manufacture of the common match-box, though not restricted thereto.

Its principal features are a frame to which all the parts are attached, bearing a circular disk, to which a continuous rotary motion is imparted by suitable mechanism, and in which are set rigidly-fixed forms, on which the boxes are made, suitable rollers for feeding andpasting the paper, and in which rollers knives are set for slitting the paper so as to fold more readily, shears for cutting off the paper at the proper time, swinging, rotary, and fixed folders to fold the paper around the forms and press the folds firmly, and strippers'to remove the boxes from the forms when completed.

It will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawings, of which Figure 1 is a plan; Fig. 2, afront side elevation; Fig. 3, a back side elevation, and Fig. 4 a front end elevation. Fig. 5 is a section through the feeding and pasting mechanism on the line W, Fig. 1; Fig. 6, a view of the paper as prepared for folding; Figs. 7, 8, 9,10,11, and 17,

detached views of the different parts of the folding and cutting mechanism; and Figs. 12, 13,14, 15, and 16, views of the box at different periods in its construction, all drawn to a larger scale.

Like letters refer to like parts in allthe figures.

A is the frame or body of the machine, on which is mounted, in suitable bearin gs, the disk B, on the periphery of which two sets of gearteeth are cut, as shown. To this disk B a continuous unvarying rotary motion, in the direction indicated by the arrows, is imparted by the pinion (l and pulley D, on the shaft of which is set a light fly-wheel to secure steadiness of motion. In this disk B are rigidly fixed any convenient number of forms, a, (eight being used in this case,) of the size and shape required.

The paste-roller is made of the form re-. .quired to deposit the adhesive material on such parts of the lower feed-roller as desired, and is deeply scored on its periphery in diagonal lines, as shown at F F, Fig. 2, to better enable it to take up the glue or paste. The parts of the lower feed-roller with which it comes in contact are scored in like manner to receive the paste or glue from the paste-roller.

The quantity of material carried up by the paste-roller is regulated by the scrapers g, Figs. 2, 4, and 5, which are so adjusted by the r screws g as to remove as much of it as may be desired. I

The paste-roller takes up the paste or glue and deposits it on the lower feedroller, which in turn transmits it to the under side of the paper as it is fed into themachine. The shaded portions of Fig. 6 show where the paste is deposited, and the folds are made along the dotted lines. The feed and paste rollers are driven by the train of gears shown at H, Tigs. 1,2, and 4.

I, Figs. 1, 4, and 5, is a table over which the paper passes, and i is a roller, which rests upon the paper and, by its weight and the friction it causes, keeps the paper straight and smooth. The guides J are adjustable, and are grooved beneath, as shown at 9', Figs.2 and 5, to allow the edges of the paper to run under them.

It, Figs. 5 and 7, is a guide to conduct the paper from the feed-rollers through the opening is to the shears K, which cut it off at the proper time.

The upper blade, I, of the shears K is fixed to the folder-stand L, and the lower blade, l, to the jaw K of the shears. The shear-jawK is pivoted at P, and is operated by the cam M I on the shaft m, Figs. 1, 3, 4, and 7, and the two-armed rock-shaft M Mand connectinglink M. The outer arm of the rock-shaft has a roller running on the cam, to lessen the wear and friction.

The shearjaw K is depressed, after being raised by the action of the cam, by the spring and link N, Figs. 2 and 7. The bearing of the shear-blades l l against each other is adjusted by the screw and nut on pivot P, Figs. 5 and 7, and by the gib n and set-screws on the opposite side, as shown by the dotted lines at, Fig. 7, and at a, Figs. 1 and 2.

As the feed of the paper is continuous,

' though varying in speed at'different parts of the revolution-of the feed-rollers, and as the shears commence cutting at one edge of the paper, it is necessary that the paper should be checked While the cut is made, or a diago nal cut would result. This is effected by the paper-check 0, Figs. 5 and 7. A recess is made in the back or inner side of the shear-jaw K, to receiveit, so thatit turns on the same pivot with the jaw K, and it is forced upward by a leafspring under it, secured atits outerend to the jaw K, and represented by the heavy dotted line at 0 on the lower blade I. Its upward motion relative to the jaw K is regulated by the screw P, which passes through a lug on the jaw. As the jaw K is raised by the action of the cam M the paper-check strikes the paper before the cut commences, and holds it firmly against the stock 19, Fig. 5, to which the upper blade, Z, is fixed while the'cut is being made; and as it continues to hold the paper fast until the lower blade, Z, has been again drawn entirely below the paper it also prevents the end of the paper being turned downward by the retrograde motion of the blade l. As the motion of the paper is at this time very slow it simply doubles a little between the feedrollers and paper-check, and straightens again when the paper-check is drawn .down by the aw.

The paper-check may be made to slide, and its operation made independent'of the jaw, if desired.

Q, Figs. 1, 2, 4, 7, and 8, are swinging folders, one to each form, which are pivoted to the disk B at their inner ends by a shaft turning in suitable bearings set in the disk, and which is clearly shown in Fig. 8, a part of which is a section of the disk B with the axis B, upon which it revolves, and also in Fig. 7, which is a back side view of the several parts shown, and contains a small portion of the disk B, the rest being cut away to show the other parts. The outer ends of these swinging folders are so constructed as to inclose one side and part'of both edges of the forms 0, and of the same length along the forms as the depth of the boxes to be made, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and at R,Fig. 7, where they are shown closed down upon the forms, and at Q Q in the lower part of Figs. 7 and S, where they are shown swung away from the forms to the full extent, Fig. 7 giving an end view of the folder Q and a view of the front or forward side of the forms e These folders are caused to swing to and from the forms by a crank, S, Figs. 3, 7, and 8, on the back or inner end of the pivot or shaft by which they are attached to the diskB, and on the crank-pins are frictionrollers a", which run in the channel tin the fixed cam T, Fig. 3, and the curvatures of this channel govern the motions of the folders Q, which are thereby closed down upon the paper, and assist in folding it around the forms, and again swing away from the forms to discharge the boxes and receive paper for another.

U U, Figs. 1, 3, 4, 7, and 8, are rotary folders, which further fold the paper around the forms, as shown in Figs. 13, 14, and 15. Figs.

7, 8, 9, 10, and 11 give enlarged views of their.

different parts in the proper position to do the work assigned them, Fig. 8 being a side view and section of Fig. 7, as seen from the left of Fig. 7. These rotary folders revolve upon studs 2; firmly fixed in the folder-stand L by nuts, as shown. They are geared together by the spur-gears X X. Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8, on the outer end of the folders, or next the shoulders of-the studs '0, on which they run.

The fixed forms 6, in their revolutions with the disk B, successively pass between the folders U U, as shown at c, Fig. 7, and the folders are caused to make one complete revolution with the passage of each folder by the spur-pinion y fixed on the inner end of folder U, engaging with the gear z on the face of disk B.

Adjoining the spur-gears 0a a," will be seen in Figs. 7,8,9, 10, and 11, enlarged collars 1, forming part of the body of the folders U U, andto which the spur-wheels are secured. To these collars are attached certain thin blades 2 3 3. (Shown most clearly in Fig. 9.) In Fig. 8 the edge of the blade 2 is shown, and 3 3 are in the same line of rotation.

These blades, in their revolutions, pass close to the end of the form 6, leaving only sufficient room for the folds of paper. The blade 2 passes over almost the entire end of the forms, as shown by the dotted lines at 2 2, Fig. 11, and the blades 3 3 pass from the edges of the forms as far over their ends and toward the center as their projection beyond the collars 1 will allow. 1

In the position of the parts shown in Fig. 9, they have just reached the form 0, and in Fig. 7 the dotted lines show them to have partly passed over the endof the form 6. In so passing over the ends of the forms they turn the paper which projects from the edges of the forms over on the end to assist in forming the bottom of the box, as shown at 1), Figs. 13 and 14.

At 4 4, Fig. 10, are shown in solid black an end view of two swinging blades, equal in length to the depth of the desired box, parallel with forms 6 and with the axis of the folders U U, and pivotedat 5 5 on small shafts which also run through the collars 1 1, and have upon their ends, and Within recesses in the spurgears 09 as, short cranks, and on the crankpins small friction-rollers, as shown in Fig. 7

at 6 6, and more clearly in Fig. 10, where all the other parts are removed.

In Fig. 7 a portion of the spur-gear m is cut away to show the roller, and the cranks are shown by the dotted lines.

These blades 4 4:, as the forms 0 go between the folders U U, pass close to the under surfaces of the forms from their edges toward the center, and fold and lap the paper, as shown at b, Figs. 13 and 14. The folder-collars 1 1 are of such size that their periphery moves with the same velocity as the forms 0, and of course all parts projecting beyond them will move faster than the forms. It is therefore apparent that, as the forms 0 pass between the folders which move with them, the blades 4 4 must be allowed to fall back to adjust themselves to the different relative positions of the parts. This is accomplished by the cranks and frictionrollers 6 6, which, as they revolve with the folders U U, run around andrest upon the collars 7 of the folder-studs '0. These collars are formed into cams of the form needed to give the desired motion to the blades, and as shown in Fig. 10 by the dotted lines 7 7, thus allowing the blades to fall back as they pass under the forms 0, andbringing them up again as they approach the corners of the next form in their successive revolutions.

8 is apresserfor pressing and rubbing down the lap of the paper I), Fig. 14. It ispivoted at 10, and has pivoted at the end of its long arm the presser-plate 8, which is as long as the depth of the box, and wide enough to cover the lap b of the paper. Under the end of the short arm of the presser 8 is placed a spring, 9, resting on a ledge projecting from the folderbody, and which holds the long arm of 8 firmly against the body of the folder U, as in Figs. 7 and 11.

21 is a short chain attached to the back of the presser-plate 8, and to a stud projecting from the collar 1, as shown in Figs. 7 and 8, and which keeps the presser-plate faced in the right direct-ion.

The presser-plate 8, projecting beyond the collar 1., moves faster than the forms, and when both have arrived at the position shown in Fig. 11 the presser-plate is brought in contact with the paper on the lower face of the form 6, and as the movement of both continues the plate is, by the sprin 9, firmly pressed against the form or paper, and atthe same time is drawn off the form toward the folder U.

The wheel 1.1 turns on a stud fixed in the folder-stand L, and a third arm, Z, Fig. 3, of the presser 8, passes under it in the course of its revolution, and it is thereby eased down to its seat or normal position without the violent concussion which would otherwise result when the presser-plate is drawn off the forms 0. This third arm is nearly parallel with the short arm of the presser, as shown in Figs. 7 and '11, and may be so formed as to lift the presser plate from the forms at any desired point.

the strippers 13, Figs. 1 2, 3, 4, 7, and 8, and one is shown detached and in perspective in Fig. 17. They surround the forms 0, and havelong square shanks, which are received in longitudinal channels in the sides of the forms upon which the folders Q close down, as shown in Fig. 8.

The shank of the strippers extends beyond the inner ends of the forms, and within the flange of the disk B, as shown in Fig.8. They are thrust out to strip or push off the boxes in the following manner: Thecranks S, which operate the swinging folders Q are extended opposite their crank-pins, and have on their inner faces a segment of a bevel-gear, as shown in section in Fig. 8 at S, and by the dotted lines S in Fig. 7. The teeth of this gear engage the small bevel-pinion, a, Figs. 7

and 8, which is fixed on a short shaft running through the stand 14, and having on its outer end a small spur-pinion, 15, Figs. 3, 7, and 8.

The teeth of this pinion engage in the teeth on the shank of the stripper, Fig. 17, and as the swinging folders Q, are closed down uponthe forms by lhe action of the cam T upon the cranks S, the strippers are retracted close to the ba=e of the forms 0, as in Fig. l and the upper part of Fig. 4; but when the folders are thrown away from the forms, as in Fig. 8 and in the lower part of Fig. 7 at Q, the stripper is thrust outward to the end of the form, as in Fig. 8, and beneath the frame A in Fig. 4,

thus pushing the box entirely 01f the form.

Shallow channels are also made in the face of the forms 0, as shown at B, Fig. 7, and at 16, Fig. 8, to admit air into the box as it is being pushed olf the form.

The stripper may be operated independent of the folder Q, .if desired.

The varying motion of the feed-rollers, before alluded to, is obtained in the following manner: The feed-rollers are driven by the train of gears H, a shaft running in the long box m", the shaft m, on which is the spur-pinion 17, and the intermediate spur-wheel 18,

which engages with both the pinion l7 and the teeth out on the periphery of the disk B. The pinion 17 runs loose on the shaft m, and is made to operate it through the clutch 19, which slides on a spline on the shaft and has one tooth which engages in a corresponding recess in the side of pinion 17. It is operated by the handle 20, and is used to stop the feed and paste works, when desired. 1 i

()n the inner ends of the shafts m m are the disks (1 (1, firmly fixed to their respective. shafts. Across the face of the disk at a square 1 channel is out of suitable dimensions, as shown at h, Figs. 1 and 2. In the disk d a crankpin is set, and on the pin a square box is put closely fitted to the channel h in the disk d.

By reference to Fig. 4, it will be seen that the shaft m is not concentric with the shaft m, but is so much lower that the lower edges of the disks d and d are of the same height, notwithstanding their difference in size. This is also shown clearly in Fig. 7, where the shaft on is shown in section and the shaft m by the small dotted circle on the cam M. The larger dotted circle on the same cam shows the travel of the crank-pin in disk d.

It will be seen that in consequence of this difference in the height of the two shafts the crank-pin at the highest point in its revolution passes close above the center of the shaft m and disk d, and therefore moves very slowly at that point; but as its revolution continues it gradually recedes from the center until, arriving at the lowest point in its travel, it is near the periphery of disk (I, and of course partakes of its swift motion. As it again approaches the center of shaft at its motion as gradually decreases until it arrives near the center, as before. The square box on the crankpin of course slides back and forth in thechannel h as the relative position of the parts varies. This varying speed of the shaft m is transmitted to the feed and paste rollers by the train of gears H, and the paper is cut by the shears K when the motion of the feed-rollers is slowest.

It will be seen that the feed-motion produced by this arrangement is not intermittent, as it at no time ceases entirely, but varies regularly from its slowest to its most rapid speed, and vice versa. I

The operation of the machine is as follows: The paper, being cut to the proper width and made into rolls, is placed upon a suitable sup port in front of table I, and the end passed under the roller 13 and over the table I, with its edges in the grooves under the guides J, and is inserted between the feed-rollers E E, by which it is fed forward over the guide 70, through the opening It in the folder-stand L, and between the shear-blades l l,-Fig. 7, the paper-check 0 being beneath it. In its passage through the feeding mechanism it is slitted for folding, and the adhesive material applied to its under surface, as shown in Fig. 6.

As the paper runs in beyond the shears one of the forms 0 is by the revolution of the disk B brought up under it, and at the same time a swinging folder, Q, closes down upon it from above, and grasps it between the projecting edges of the folder and the form; and at the same instant the paper is severed by the shears, leaving that portion designed for the bottom of the box projecting beyond the end of the form. The folder then closes down tight upon the form, as at B, Fig. 7, and folds the paper down over both its edges, thus formin g three sides of the box, as in Fig. 12.

The form, with the paper and folder upon it, I

moves upward and passes between the rotary folders U U, as in Fig. 9, where the blades 3 3 The form, continuing to move upward, arrives at the position shown at e e, Figs. 7 and 10, where the blades 4 4 pass close beneath it and fold the paper in from the two edges upon the lower face of the form, lapping one over the other, as shown at b, Fig. 14.

Arriving at the position shown in Fig. 11, the presser 8 8 presses and rubs the lastnamed lap of the paper firmly together, and as the whole moves onward the long blade 2 passes over the end of theform and folds the paper up from below upon the end, as shown in Fig. 15. The form, still moving upward, passes by the fixed folder 12, which folds the remaining projecting part of the paper down upon the end, and presses it firmly, and completes the box, as shown in Fig. 16.

The box, with the swinging folder Q, remains upon the form until the disk B has completed about a half revolution, when, by the action of the cam T, the folder Q is gradually swung away from the form, as at Q, Fig. 7, which thrusts the stripper 13 forward until, at the lowest point in the revolution of the form,'the. box is pushed entirely off and falls beneath the machine.

The folder Q and stripper 13 remain in the last-described position until the form again arrives at the paper as fed through the shears, when the same operation is repeated. The operation is the same with all the forms, and a box is made on each form as it passes, thus making eight boxes at each revolution of the disk B. 7

It should be observed that the size of the feed-rollers is such that a half-revolution feeds in paper enough for a box, and therefore two sets of radial slitting-knives are required, as shown; but this will, of course, be made as may be required.

The device of eccentrically-placed shafts to secure a regular varying motion is not new, but has long been used for a variety of purposes, as in iron-planers, and in the Empire sewing-machine. The device has also been used in combination witha mutilated gear, to produce an intermittent varying motion.

The fixed folder 12, although novel in its arrangement, cannot be claimed as new, substantially the same thing having been before used. Neither are the forms 0, rigidly fixed in a revolving disk, new, but so far as I know they have heretofore had an intermittent motion, being at rest while the boxes were formed upon them, and not having a continuous unvarying motion, as in this case.

The paste or glue roller F, which takes up the paste or glue from the reservoir G, and deposits it upon a second roller, which in turn transmits to the paper, and also the springscraper g, for removing an excess of paste or glue, were used in a machine designed by myself some years since, and for which no patent was asked; and I do not therefore claim them. But in that case the second roller was exclusively a paste-roller, having nothing to do with feeding or slitting; and I believe that the construction and combination of the feed-rollers E E and paste-roller F, as described, whereby the three operations of feeding, slitting, and pasting or gluing the paper are performed by one and the same set of rollers, is new.

I therefore claim-- 1. In a paper-box machine, a revolving disk provided with forms rigidly fixed therein, and having a continuous unvarying motion, in combination with suitable mechanism for feeding, pasting, cutting, and folding the paper on such forms while in motion, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The scored paste-roller F and feed-rollers E E, having the series of radial knives, as shown, all constructed and combined substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

3. In a paper-box machine, the paper-check consisting of the straight bar 0 pivoted at the shear-joint, whereby it is made to vibrate independently on the same axis as the shearblades, in combination with the shear-jaws K K and spring 0, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

. 4:. The eccentrically-placed shafts m and m, having the disks d d and crank-pin box sliding in the channel h, the gears H, and rollers F E E, in combination with the shears and their operative mechanism, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

5. The cam M, rock-shaft M, link M, and shears, consisting of the movable jaw K and stationary jaw K pivoted together, in combi nation with the feeding and folding mechanism, of a paper-box machine and the papercheck 0, all arranged substantially as described, and for the purpose specified.

6. The double-cranked folder Q, journaled in the revolving disk B, in combination with the continuous stationary cam t, substantially as and for the purpose described.

7. The rotary folders UU, having the blades 2 3 3 4: 4., in combination with their drivinggear y a: and the revolving disk B, having the forms 0, substantially as and for the purpose described.

8. The combination of the cranks and friction-rollers 6 6', with the cams 7 and folderblades 4 4:,substantially as shown, and for 1 the purpose set forth.

9. The combination of the presser 8, consisting of the curved arm, presser-plate 8, and spring 9, with the rotary folders U U and form 6, substantially as described, and for the purpose specified. l

10. The combination and arrangement of the cam T, toothed segment of the foldercrank S, shaft 14, with its pinions a and 15, stripper 13, form 0, and revolving disk B, substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.

11. The disk B, having the forms 0, the shafts m m, rollers F E E, and their connecting-gears, the shears K K, andtheir operative mechanism, the rotary folders U U, and their gears y, the folder Q, cam T, and stripper 13, all constructed and combined substantially as described, and for the purpose set forth.

' A. I. SIMMONS. Witnesses:

T. W.-SEWA RD, W. P. CARPENTER.

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