US2223242A - Steam jet exhauster - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 26, 1940.

C. F. SWEET, JR

STEAM JET EXHAUSTER Filed Sept. 22, 1958 CERAMIC CARBON ff ZOE/V15 X Patented Nov. 26, 1940 UNITED STATES STEAM JET EXHAUSTER Charles F. Sweet, Jr., Philadelphia, Pa, assignor to Schutte 8: Koerting Company, Philadelphia, Pa., a corporation of Pennsylvania Application September 22, 1938, Serial No. 231,115

8 Claims.

The improvements described and claimed in Letters Patent No. 2,085,361, to Ralph E. Hellmer,

' assignor to Schutte 8: Koerting Company, dated June 29, 1937, extended the field of use of steam jet exhausters to include operation in connection with corrosive acid vapors. However, it has developed that where the corrosive acid vapors include moisture the patented steam jet exhauster failed, because the projecting end of the carbon nozzle was eaten away, sometimes through the curved wall and sometimes at the tip end. The cause of this is obscure but it may be due to the combined corrosive and erosive actions of the corrosive acid vapors and the moisture contained therein, or it may be due to the erosive action of the moisture impinging in more or less crosswise direction upon the surface of the carbon nozzle.

However, to whatever cause the defect may be due it is obviated according to the present invention by encasing the outer surface of the end portion of the carbon nozzle, which projects into the body of the exhauster and is exposed to corrosive acid vapor including moisture, with a sheath or casing of lava or lava-like material; provision being made to prevent or oppose the steam expanding through the carbon nozzle from contacting with the inner surface of the lava sheath because if it did the sheath would be eaten away at and near its root, whereas this does not occur in the case of the nozzle.

The properties of carbon and of lava material by which, when used in combination in the manner indicated, and in a jet exhauster, the field of usefulness of the exhauster is extended to include acid corrosive vapors containing moisture are not generally known or understood and were so far as I know discovered and first made available by me.

The substitution of carbon and a sheath or casing of lava material, in the manner described, for carbon in the nozzle of a jet exhauster is not a mere substitution of material because it develops a new use for steam jet exhausters in connection with corrosive acid vapors containing moisture and because the carbon resists the action of steam flowing axially through the nozzle and the lava sheath resists the action of corrosive acid vapors containing moisture and flowing across and past its outer surface. In this connection it is interesting that the lava material in the form of a nozzle will not withstand the erosive action of the flow of steam through it, whereas carbon will withstand that action, and that carbon will not withstand the action of corrosive acid vapors containing moisture and flowing around or past its exterior, whereas lava material will do so.

To these and other ends hereinafter set forth r the invention comprises the improvements to be presently described and finally claimed.

In the following description reference will be made to the accompanying drawing forming part 'hereof, and in which,

The single figure is a transverse sectional view of a steam jet exhauster embodying features of the invention.

Referring to the drawing, the nozzle comprises an inner portion I of carbon and an outer portion 2 of ceramic material, such as so-called lava. The nozzle l is provided with a. head 3 having flat faces and the sheath or casing 2 is also provided with a head 4 having fiat faces. At 5 there is indicated clearance so that when the two heads 3 and 4 are clamped between the vapor inlet body 6 of the exhauster and the head I of the steam chest danger of breakage is avoided. The closure provided between the heads 3 and 4 serves to confine the steam and steam jet within the interior of the nozzle I of carbon which is unaffected by it and the sheath of lava material 2 which is exposed to the flow of corrosive acid vapors containing moisture and entering at the inlet 8 resists those vapors and protects the carbon nozzle I from contact with them. I Thus the composite nozzle and sheath withstands the action of steam flowing axially through it and the action of corrosive vapors containing moisture flowing around, past and across its outer surface so that the jet nozzle exhauster operates satisfactorily where it is used in connection with corrosive acid vapors containing moisture.

9 designates the diffuser and it is also of carbon. The steam by means of which the jet is created is wet and is at a high temperature such as 250 F. or more.

The term lava or "lava material is used herein and in the appended claims to include materials obtainable at reasonable expense and having the properties and qualities herein described and possessed by laval, and of which examples are natural and artificial lava and lavalike materials, stone ware materials and synthetic resinous materials.

I claim:

1. A nozzle for steam jet exhausters adapted to work on acid vapors containing moisture and consisting of a nozzle of carbon having a flat faced head and a nozzle sheath of material inert to corrosive acid vapors containing moisture and 55 also having a flat l'aced head, said nozzle being positioned in the sheath with a contacting joint at the flat faces of the heads to protect the carbon nozzle fromthe erosive action of moisture in the vapor flowing generally crosswise of the device and the sheath from the erosive action of steam flowing lengthwise through the device.

2. In a steam jet exhauster having a carbon nozzle through which steam is expanded and which projects into a region of acid vapor, means fo'r'adapting the exhauster to work with acid vapors containing moisture which comprises a lava sheath inert to acid vapors containing moisture and surrounding and engaging with the projecting end of the carbon nozzle and protected thereby from the destructive action of steam.

3. For a steam jet exhauster including a diffuser and a vapor inlet body at the entrance of the difiuser, means for fitting the exhauster to work with acid vapor containing moisture which comprise a carbon nozzle of which the root is internally inert to the flow of wet steam and of which the tip is externally attackable by the flow of acid vapor containing moisture, and a sheath of which the root is internally attackable by the flow of wet steam and of which the tip is ex-' ternally inert to the flow of corrosive acid vapor containing moisture, said nozzle arranged in and supported by said sheath whereby the sheath protects the tip of the nozzle and the nozzle protects the root of the sheath, and means for excluding steam from between the nozzle and sheath.

4. Means for fitting a steam jet exhauster having a nozzle and a diffuser of carbon which adapt the exhauster to use with acid corrosive vapors in association with wet steam and at a high temperature such as 250 F. or more, for use with acid corrosive vapors containing moisture which means comprise a sheath inert to the last-mentioned vapor and mounted in touch with the nozzle, and means for excluding a flow of steam between the nozzle and sheath. 1

5. A steam jet exhauster having a high-temperature-resistant carbon nozzle providing for the inlet of a jet of steam, an acid-resistant envelope surrounding and contacting with said nozzle, a head provided with an inlet for steam to said nozzle, a body provided with a lateral inlet for acid vapors and with a suction chamber surrounding the outlet from said nozzle and the outer end of said envelope and with a diffuser tube aligned with said nozzle for the discharge of'steam and vapors, said nozzle and said envelope being clamped between said head and said body so that said envelope is spaced from the steam inlet passage, and sai nozzle is positioned in the path of the incomi acid vapors but is encircled and protected by the envelope from said acid vapors.

6. In a steam jet exhauster, the combination of, a head shaped to form a conduit for high pressure steam and provided at one end thereof with a carbon nozzle for discharging the steam in jet form, a tubular envelope of acid-resistant material encircling and contacting with said nozzle and protected by said nozzle from the steam passing therethrough, and a body connected to said head so as to support said nozzle and said envelope therebetween and having a suctionmouth opposite said nozzle and said envelope and positioned to receive the jet of steam from said nozzle and adapted to receive acid vapors to be conveyed by the jet, said body also having an outlet chamber for the acid vapors and the steam.

7'. In a steam jet exhauster, a casing having an inlet for acid vapors to be conveyed and an outlet for said vapors and for the steam forming the motive power, a carbon nozzle resistant to steam but not resistant to acid vapors in line with said outlet and opposite said inlet, and a perforated envelope of acid vapor resistant material surrounding said nozzle and supporting it in said casing and interposed between said nozzle and said inlet so as to protect said nozzle against the vapor entering through said inlet.

i}. A steam jet exhauster comprising, a head having an inlet passage for steam therethrough, a high temperature resistant nozzle of carbon having a flange at itsupper end and a passage therethrough to form a jet of steam, an acidresistant tubular envelope of lava material contacting with and surrounding said nozzle and spaced from the passage therethrough and having at the upper end thereof a flange underlying the flange on said nozzle, a body having a lateral inlet for acid vapor and a suction chamber communicating with said inlet and receiving the lower ends of said nozzle and said envelope therein opposite said lateral inlet and having a diffuser tube aligned with said nozzle for the discharge of steam and vapor, the flanges on said nozzle and said envelope being clamped between said head and said body to seal the inlet for steam by means of said nozzle and to seal the joint communicating with said suction chamber by means of said envelope so that said nozzle protects said envelope against the erosive efiect of the steam and said envelope protects said nozzle against the corrosive effect-of the acid vapors.

' CHARLES F. SWEET, JR.

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