US2214543A - Hot water heater and boiler - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 10, 1940. T. H. sMooT HOT WATER HEATER AND BOILER I Filed Dec. 9, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet l &pt T H. SMOOT HOT WATER HEATER AND BOILER Filed Dec. 9, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 10, 1940 PATENT OFFICE nor WATER. HEATER A'ND BOILER Theophilus H. Smoot, Baltimore, M6,, assignor to Anchor Post Fence Company, Baltimore, Md., a'corporation of Maryland Application December 9, 1939, Serial No. 308,471

1 Claim.

The invention relates to a hot water heater and boiler.

An object of the present invention is to provide a highly efficient, exceedingly economical and completely automatic hot Water heater and boiler which will be attractive in appearance and which will be readily adapted for use as a hot water heater with or without an auxiliary storage tank and which will also be adapted for use in a heating system.

A further object of the invention is to provide a hot Water heater and boiler of this character equipped with an internal circulation unit including a double water heating coil located in a flue and subjected to the heating action of comb o es rom a l d. fuel burner n the passage of such products of combustion to the chimney or stack and adapted to so confine or impede the gases in the flue and break them up and cause sufficient turbulence in them so that there is no straight gas flow through the heater or boiler with a hot internal core which has not been in intimate contact with absorbing heating surfaces of the coil and the flue, whereby the internal circulation unit will be particularly efiicient in heat transfer and a maximum amount of heat extracted from the combustion gases in the passage of the same from the burner to the chimney.

A further object of the invention is to provide an internal circulation unit adapted to produce a relatively rapid circulation of water through the coil and the boiler, whereby all possibility of steaming in the coil due to iaulty cire culation is eliminated.

It is also an object of the invention to pro vide an internal circulation unit adapted to produce a closer approach to temperature equilibrium throughout the total height of the tank or Water containing portion of the boiler or heater so that the point where the temperature control unit is inserted in the tank when the boiler is employed in a heating system will not be critical.

A further object of the invention isto provide an internal circulation for the hot water heater and boiler in which the heat exchange coil is adapted to operate as a flash boiler and provide for an immediate supply of hot water discharged directly from the coil when the burnr is in pe ation even from a cold r It is also an object of the invention to provide in a hot water heater and boiler a construction in which the mud ring in the boiler will be protected or shielded from the flame of the burner so that there will be no danger of burning out the boiler because of the mud ring being unprotected.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in the construction and novel 5 combination and arrangement of parts hereinafter fully described, illustrated in the accompanying drawings and pointed out in the claims hereto appended, it being understood that various changes in the form, proportion and details of construction, within the scope of the claim, may be resorted to Without departing from the spirit or sacrificing any of the advantages of the invention.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is an elevation of the fluid heat domestic water heater constructed in accordance with thi invention, the double coil, the headers and certain other parts being illustrated in dot and dash lines.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the domestic water heater.

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 3-...3 of Figure 1.

Figure 4 is a vertical sectional view taken on the line 47-4 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line 5=-.5 of Figure 1.

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail sectional View showing the insulation of the combustion. chamher I extending inward beyond the mud ring and shielding the circumferential trough against direct heat transfer.

In the accompanying drawings in which is illustrated the preferred embodiment of the invention when the invention is employed as a domestic water heater I designates the boiler shell constructed of heavy steel boiler plate rolled into cylindrical form and provided with upper and lower drawn steel heads :2 and 3 Welded into the steel of the boiler shell but the boiler may be of any other desired term and the heads may be secured to the body portion of the boiler shell in any o h sui ab e mann rh upp r an ow.- er heads 2 and 3 are flanged as shown and the lower head 3 is located at a point intermediate of the upper and lower ends .of the boiler shell to div d t e s m in an upp Wate nk 4 and a lower combustion camber ,5. The boiler shell, surrounded by a jacket 6 arranged in spaced elat o w th th bo l r sh l an the upper head thereof and the intervening space between the boiler shell and the jacket is filled with mineral insulation 1; preferably such as mineral wool or a similar miner substance butv iii any other suitable insulation may, of course, be provided and the combustion chamber is lined at the bottom and vertical walls with insulating refractory 8 and preferably reflective insulation 8 is also installed on the inside of the jacket to a height above combustion chamber. The upper and lower heads 2 and 3 of the boiler are concave-convex. g

The upper and lower heads present lower concave faces and the refractory insulation of the combustion chamber is of a suitable thickness, as

clearly illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawings, to extend the full height of the boiler base and above the area occupied by the mud ring of the boiler to protect the mud ring from the vflame of a fluid fuel burner around the circumference'of the bottom head so that mud or sediment accumulated within the boiler-at the bottom thereof adjacent the vertical wall of the boilerwill not cause exposure of a dry surface to the fire. 1 Secured to the jacket 6 at the lower portion thereof is a burner mounting panel 9 of the ordinary construction having an observation port and access door large enough to admit a flame mirror. Any suitable fluid fuel burner may be employed. As the burner. mounting panel is of the ordinary construction further description thereof and detailed illustration of the same are deemed unnecessary. v

The upper and lower boiler heads 2 and 3 are provided with central aligned openings l0 and l l in which are secured the upper and lower ends of a centrally arranged vertically disposed cylindrical flue l2 for conducting the combustion gases from. the combustion chamber to the are preferably constructed of copper tubing and their upper and lower terminals I4 and I5 are -connected to nipples l6 and l! of upper and lower headers. l8 and 19.. The headers are preferably constructed of brass and are arranged exq teriorly of the tank 4 of the boiler but the heat exchanger coils and the headers to which thesame are connected may be constructed of any other suitable material. The double coils go into headers at top and bottom, and from these headers single pipe nipples only are run to other connections. The upper header I8 is provided at its outer end with a T 20 having vertically aligned coupling portions and to the lower one of the coupling portions is. connected a pipe 2| constituting a depending arm of the header and communicating with the interior of the tank 40f the boiler and having its lower end suitably secured in an opening 22 in the upper head 2 of the boiler shell.

The lower header I9 is provided with a T 23 having horizontally alinged coupling portions and connected by a tubular arm or branch pipe 24 with the lower portion of the tank and secured in an opening 25 in the shell I. The T is provided at the outer end with a drain valve 26 adapted to permit the coil and the tank to be flushed and drained.

The heat exchanger coil is of a diameter to extend within close proximity to the walls of the fiue l2 and the convolutions of the coils bafile the combustion gases passing through the flue and break up the gases and prevent any liability of volumes of the gas with hot cores passing directly through the heater to the chimney or stack. The bafiling action of the exchanger coil causes the hot combustion gases to be brought into intimate contact with the heat absorbing surfaces of the coils and the flue so that a maximum amount of heat is extracted from the combustion gases in the passage of the same from the fluid fuel burner, (not shown). to the chimney or stack. Also the coils' of the heat exchanger are adapted 'to operate as a flash boiler for enabling hot water to be drawn from the coils when the burner is in operation even from a cold start and the upper coupling portion of the T 20 is designed to be connected with the pipe line for furnishing the hot water supply.

A cold water supply pipe 21 extends through the top of the heater and depends within the tank 4 and terminates. adjacent the bottom head thereof for feeding cold water to the hot water heater but when he invention is employed as a boil-er for a heating system the cold water supply pipe 21 is omitted and the T 20 is connected with the feed line of the heating system, the return line of the heating system being connected with the tank at the back thereof, a nipple '28 being provided for this purpose and which is closed when the invention is employed as a domestic water heater. An auxilary tank (not shown) may also be connected with the T 20 when the water demand is so heavy as to require additional storage capacity, and recirculation to heater from tank is obtained by returning from. tank to heater at connection 28.

When the invention is employed as a boiler in a heating system it will be equipped with the usual accessories such as an altitude gauge and thermometer, and a limit control and because of the rapid circulation of the water through the internal circulation unitthe temperature differential between the water at the top and bottom of the tank is relatively slight and the limit control may be inserted in the tank at any preferred point between the topand bottom. of the tank without such point being critical.

What is claimed is:

A hot water heater and boiler including a boiler shell provided with upper and lower heads having aligned openings, the lower head being concavo-convex and located at an intermediate point between the upper and lower ends of the boiler shell and dividing the same into an upper tank portion and a lower combustion chamber, a flue arranged within said tank portion and having its ends secured in the openings of said head, upper and lower headers located above and below the tank and communicating therewith, a heat exchanger coil located within the flue and connected at its ends to the upper and lower headers and forming therewith an internal circulation unit, said coil including a pair of helical sections having equal helix diameters and equal pitch, said sections being arranged concentrically and being provided with fittings exteriorly of the shell to facilitate replacement, and an insulation lining for the walls of the combustion chamber extending tothe top of the same and arranged to protect the boiler mud ring! from. flame around the circumference of the bottom head.

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