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US2206934A - Electrical conductor - Google Patents

Electrical conductor Download PDF

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Publication number
US2206934A
US2206934A US259509A US25950939A US2206934A US 2206934 A US2206934 A US 2206934A US 259509 A US259509 A US 259509A US 25950939 A US25950939 A US 25950939A US 2206934 A US2206934 A US 2206934A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
braid
cord
covering
braided
over
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US259509A
Inventor
William T Barrans
Paul M Cole
Byron P Girard
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AT&T Corp
Original Assignee
Western Electric Co Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority to US237174A priority Critical patent/US2200323A/en
Priority to US259508A priority patent/US2281542A/en
Priority to US259507A priority patent/US2217832A/en
Priority to US259509A priority patent/US2206934A/en
Priority to US259506A priority patent/US2232524A/en
Application filed by Western Electric Co Inc filed Critical Western Electric Co Inc
Priority to GB27847/39A priority patent/GB535397A/en
Priority to FR861141D priority patent/FR861141A/en
Priority to BE436850D priority patent/BE436850A/xx
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2206934A publication Critical patent/US2206934A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/008—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables for manufacturing extensible conductors or cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C1/00—Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof
    • D04C1/02—Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof made from particular materials
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C1/00—Braid or lace, e.g. pillow-lace; Processes for the manufacture thereof
    • D04C1/06—Braid or lace serving particular purposes
    • D04C1/12—Cords, lines, or tows
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C3/00—Braiding or lacing machines
    • D04C3/02—Braiding or lacing machines with spool carriers guided by track plates or by bobbin heads exclusively
    • D04C3/12—Braiding or lacing machines with spool carriers guided by track plates or by bobbin heads exclusively with means for introducing core threads
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04C—BRAIDING OR MANUFACTURE OF LACE, INCLUDING BOBBIN-NET OR CARBONISED LACE; BRAIDING MACHINES; BRAID; LACE
    • D04C3/00—Braiding or lacing machines
    • D04C3/48—Auxiliary devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
    • H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
    • H01B13/22—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers
    • H01B13/26—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping
    • H01B13/2606—Sheathing; Armouring; Screening; Applying other protective layers by winding, braiding or longitudinal lapping by braiding
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/06—Load-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/061—Load-responsive characteristics elastic
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S264/00—Plastic and nonmetallic article shaping or treating: processes
    • Y10S264/40—Processes of coiling plastics

Definitions

  • This invention relates to an electrical conductor and more particularly to an extensible retractile cord.
  • An object of the invention is to provide a con- 6 ductor cord which may be readily bent or coiled.
  • a retractile cord of helical form having a braided covering in which the outer portions of the helical convolutions are 10 braided progressively one strand over one strand and under the next strand, while the inner portions are braided progressively one strand over two strands and under two strands.
  • Figure 1 is a detailed view of a helically coiled conductor embodying the invention
  • Figure 2 is a plan development showing the inner and outer portions of one type of braid
  • Figure 3 is a plan development of another type of braid.
  • a braid covered electrical cord of the extensible retractil type it is common practice to provide elastic material underlying the braid to cause the cord, which usually consists of several conductors, to assume a helically coiled form.
  • the braid may be applied to the conductor in a braiding machine of the type disclosed in the patent to Miller, 1,602,442, of October 12, 1926.
  • the braid is applied to a straight portion of the cord with the elastic material 4 under tension and when the cord is released from the machine the elastic material tends to draw it into helical form.
  • the inner portion'of a convolution of the braided material has a tendency to be compressed and the outer portion of a convolution of the braid has a tendency to be stretched.
  • the braid is formed in such a manner that a yarn passes progressively over two yarns and under two yarns, there is less resistance to compression of the braided covering.
  • the inner portions of the convolutions are braided progressively one yarn over two yarns and under the next two which permits the cord to coil with considerably greater facility.
  • the right hand half of the figure represents a one over one braid which forms the outer half ofthe braid
  • the left hand half of the figure represents a one over two 'braid which forms the inner half of the braid.
  • cords may be made in which the outer portion of the braid is made one over one, the intermediate portion of the braid along the neutral bending axis may be made one over two and the inner portions of the braid one over three.
  • the outer portion of the braid one over two and the inner portion of the braid one over three, or even of a higher order or degree.
  • a very satisfactory cord may be made by not interbraiding the inner yarns of the convolutions at all, simply serving them onto the conductor while the outer portion of the yarn is interbraided.
  • the resistance to bending of the conductor is decreased in all cases by making the overlapping of the yarns on the inner side of-the convolutions of a higher order or degree than the overlapping on the outer portion of the convolutions.
  • Fig. 3 shows in plan development a braided cover for a cord in which the braid between lines a and b is braided one yarn over two yarns, the braid between lines D and c is braided one yarn over one yarn, the braid between lines and d is braided one yarn over two yarns, and the yarn between lines d and a is unbraided.
  • this covering is on a helically coiled cord the braid between lines D and c is on the outside of a convolution, and on each side thereof on the neutral bending axis of the cord the yarn is braided one yarn over two. On the inside of a convolution the yarn is unbraided.
  • An electrical cord comprising a conductor.
  • Anelectrical cord comprising .a conductor having a covering of braided strand material in which one side of the covering is interbraided' to a higher degree than the other to facilitate bending of the cord.
  • An electrical cord comprising a conductor having a covering of braided strand material in which one side of the covering has a predetermined degree of interbraiding of the strands, the portions along the neutral bending axis of the cord having a lesser degree of interbraiding of the strands, and the side opposite the first mentioned side having the least degree of interbraiding of the strands.
  • a retractile cord comprising 'a helically coiled conductor having a covering of braided F strands, the outer portion of a convolution hav-' ing the covering strands braided progressively one strand over one strand and under the next while the inner portion of a convolution has the covering'strands braided progressively one strand over two strands and under the next two.
  • An electrical cord comprising a helically coiled conductor having a covering of braided strands, the outer portion of a convolution of the covering being interbraided progressively one strand over one strand and under the next, and the inner portion of a convolution having the covering strands interbraided to a lesser degree.
  • An electrical cord comprising a helically coiled conductor having a covering of braided strands, the outer portion of a convolution of the covering being interbraided progressively one strand over two strands and under the next two, and. the inner portion of a convolution having the covering strands interbraided to a lesser degree.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Braiding, Manufacturing Of Bobbin-Net Or Lace, And Manufacturing Of Nets By Knotting (AREA)
  • Insulated Conductors (AREA)
  • Shielding Devices Or Components To Electric Or Magnetic Fields (AREA)

Description

July 9, 1940. w. T. BARRANS El AL 8. R G/RARD JAN- Z ATTOR EV W WEAR/FANS INVENTORS. R M COLE Patented July 9, 1940 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOR York Application March 3,
8 Claims.
This invention relates to an electrical conductor and more particularly to an extensible retractile cord.
An object of the invention is to provide a con- 6 ductor cord which may be readily bent or coiled.
In accordance with one embodiment of the invention a retractile cord of helical form is provided having a braided covering in which the outer portions of the helical convolutions are 10 braided progressively one strand over one strand and under the next strand, while the inner portions are braided progressively one strand over two strands and under two strands.
A full understanding of the invention may be 15 had by reference to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 is a detailed view of a helically coiled conductor embodying the invention; 20 Figure 2 is a plan development showing the inner and outer portions of one type of braid, and
Figure 3 is a plan development of another type of braid.
In making a braid covered electrical cord of the extensible retractil type it is common practice to provide elastic material underlying the braid to cause the cord, which usually consists of several conductors, to assume a helically coiled form. The braid may be applied to the conductor in a braiding machine of the type disclosed in the patent to Miller, 1,602,442, of October 12, 1926. The braid is applied to a straight portion of the cord with the elastic material 4 under tension and when the cord is released from the machine the elastic material tends to draw it into helical form. As the conductor is bent in a helix the inner portion'of a convolution of the braided material has a tendency to be compressed and the outer portion of a convolution of the braid has a tendency to be stretched. When a braided covering is made in such a manner that one yarn passes progressively over one yarn and under the next, a plain braid is made which resists compression to a high degree.
When, however, the braid is formed in such a manner that a yarn passes progressively over two yarns and under two yarns, there is less resistance to compression of the braided covering.
1939, Serial No. 259,509
inner portions of the convolutions are braided progressively one yarn over two yarns and under the next two which permits the cord to coil with considerably greater facility. Referring, for instance, to Figure 2, the right hand half of the figure represents a one over one braid which forms the outer half ofthe braid ,and the left hand half of the figure represents a one over two 'braid which forms the inner half of the braid. In order to obtain this type of braid on a standard Wardwell type of braider, it is simply necessary to properly arrange the deflectors as described in the above referred. to patent to Miller. In a similar manner cords may be made in which the outer portion of the braid is made one over one, the intermediate portion of the braid along the neutral bending axis may be made one over two and the inner portions of the braid one over three. In some cases it has been found to be desirable to braid the outer portion of the braid one over two and the inner portion of the braid one over three, or even of a higher order or degree. In fact, a very satisfactory cord may be made by not interbraiding the inner yarns of the convolutions at all, simply serving them onto the conductor while the outer portion of the yarn is interbraided. The resistance to bending of the conductor is decreased in all cases by making the overlapping of the yarns on the inner side of-the convolutions of a higher order or degree than the overlapping on the outer portion of the convolutions.
Fig. 3 shows in plan development a braided cover for a cord in which the braid between lines a and b is braided one yarn over two yarns, the braid between lines D and c is braided one yarn over one yarn, the braid between lines and d is braided one yarn over two yarns, and the yarn between lines d and a is unbraided. When this covering is on a helically coiled cord the braid between lines D and c is on the outside of a convolution, and on each side thereof on the neutral bending axis of the cord the yarn is braided one yarn over two. On the inside of a convolution the yarn is unbraided.
It will be understood that the invention herein described and illustrated is merely illustrative of the invention and that many changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
What is claimed is: 1. An electrical cord comprising a conductor.
having a covering of strand material having circumferentially different orders of interbraiding of the strand material to provide greater compressibility on one side than on the-other to facilitate bending of the cord.
2. Anelectrical cord comprising .a conductor having a covering of braided strand material in which one side of the covering is interbraided' to a higher degree than the other to facilitate bending of the cord.
3. An electrical cord comprising a conductor having a covering of braided strand material in which one side of the covering has a predetermined degree of interbraiding of the strands, the portions along the neutral bending axis of the cord having a lesser degree of interbraiding of the strands, and the side opposite the first mentioned side having the least degree of interbraiding of the strands.
'coil having the covering strands interbraided to a predetermined degree, the inner portion or the convolutions of the coil having the covering strands interbraided to a lesser degree, and means tending to retain the cord in helical form.
6. A retractile cord comprising 'a helically coiled conductor having a covering of braided F strands, the outer portion of a convolution hav-' ing the covering strands braided progressively one strand over one strand and under the next while the inner portion of a convolution has the covering'strands braided progressively one strand over two strands and under the next two.
7. An electrical cord comprising a helically coiled conductor having a covering of braided strands, the outer portion of a convolution of the covering being interbraided progressively one strand over one strand and under the next, and the inner portion of a convolution having the covering strands interbraided to a lesser degree.
8. An electrical cord comprising a helically coiled conductor having a covering of braided strands, the outer portion of a convolution of the covering being interbraided progressively one strand over two strands and under the next two, and. the inner portion of a convolution having the covering strands interbraided to a lesser degree.
WILLIAM T. BARRANS. PAUL 2M. COLE. BYRON P. GERARD.
US259509A 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor Expired - Lifetime US2206934A (en)

Priority Applications (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US237174A US2200323A (en) 1938-10-27 1938-10-27 Strand covering machine
US259507A US2217832A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Braid covered electric cord and method of making such a cord
US259509A US2206934A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor
US259506A US2232524A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Method of and apparatus for making an extensible retractile cord
US259508A US2281542A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor
GB27847/39A GB535397A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-10-13 Extensible rectractile electric cord and method and apparatus for making it
FR861141D FR861141A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-10-26 Stretch cords and manufacturing processes
BE436850D BE436850A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-10-27

Applications Claiming Priority (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US237174A US2200323A (en) 1938-10-27 1938-10-27 Strand covering machine
US259507A US2217832A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Braid covered electric cord and method of making such a cord
US259509A US2206934A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor
US259506A US2232524A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Method of and apparatus for making an extensible retractile cord
US259508A US2281542A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2206934A true US2206934A (en) 1940-07-09

Family

ID=22985243

Family Applications (5)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US237174A Expired - Lifetime US2200323A (en) 1938-10-27 1938-10-27 Strand covering machine
US259508A Expired - Lifetime US2281542A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor
US259507A Expired - Lifetime US2217832A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Braid covered electric cord and method of making such a cord
US259506A Expired - Lifetime US2232524A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Method of and apparatus for making an extensible retractile cord
US259509A Expired - Lifetime US2206934A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor

Family Applications Before (4)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US237174A Expired - Lifetime US2200323A (en) 1938-10-27 1938-10-27 Strand covering machine
US259508A Expired - Lifetime US2281542A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Electrical conductor
US259507A Expired - Lifetime US2217832A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Braid covered electric cord and method of making such a cord
US259506A Expired - Lifetime US2232524A (en) 1938-10-27 1939-03-03 Method of and apparatus for making an extensible retractile cord

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (5) US2200323A (en)
BE (1) BE436850A (en)
FR (1) FR861141A (en)
GB (1) GB535397A (en)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2969419A (en) * 1954-09-07 1961-01-24 Western Electric Co Retractile cords
US3068531A (en) * 1957-05-16 1962-12-18 Koiled Kords Inc Retractile cord and method of making same
US4144445A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-03-13 Emerson Electric Co. Open coil electric heaters
US4313645A (en) * 1980-05-13 1982-02-02 Western Electric Company, Inc. Telephone cord having braided outer jacket
USRE31197E (en) * 1980-05-13 1983-04-05 Western Electric Company, Inc. Telephone cord having braided outer jacket

Families Citing this family (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2573439A (en) * 1947-01-07 1951-10-30 Western Electric Co Retractile cord and method of making retractile cords
US2469047A (en) * 1947-10-01 1949-05-03 Emslo Braid Corp Braiding machine
US2466417A (en) * 1947-12-22 1949-04-05 Western Electric Co Apparatus for covering cores
US2760549A (en) * 1953-01-14 1956-08-28 Korrect Way Corp Method and apparatus for making highpressure non-metallic tubing
BE534089A (en) * 1954-01-11
US2902592A (en) * 1957-07-05 1959-09-01 Rex Cole Inc Portable lamp
FR912M (en) * 1960-10-12 1961-11-06
US4357500A (en) * 1980-09-26 1982-11-02 Nilsen Robert J Telephone handset cord anti-twist accessory
US4484024A (en) * 1981-10-15 1984-11-20 Raychem Corporation Overcoated bulky sleeving and electrical insulation method
US5370031A (en) * 1990-08-17 1994-12-06 United States Surgical Corporation Braider apparatus with improved bobbin holder
CA2048464A1 (en) * 1990-08-17 1992-02-18 Michael P. Chesterfield Apparatus and method for producing braided suture products
WO2008091883A2 (en) * 2007-01-22 2008-07-31 A & P Technology, Inc. Braided reinforcement for aircraft fuselage frames and method of producing the same
US11345099B2 (en) 2018-11-02 2022-05-31 The Boeing Company Composite structures constructed of wound tubular braiding
US11213995B2 (en) * 2018-11-02 2022-01-04 The Boeing Company Composite structures constructed of wound tubular braiding
US11534986B2 (en) 2018-11-02 2022-12-27 The Boeing Company Composite structures constructed of wound tubular braiding
CN110364312A (en) * 2019-07-26 2019-10-22 扬州利家科技有限公司 A kind of wire and cable braider that silk thread fracture rate can be effectively reduced

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2969419A (en) * 1954-09-07 1961-01-24 Western Electric Co Retractile cords
US3068531A (en) * 1957-05-16 1962-12-18 Koiled Kords Inc Retractile cord and method of making same
US4144445A (en) * 1977-12-27 1979-03-13 Emerson Electric Co. Open coil electric heaters
US4313645A (en) * 1980-05-13 1982-02-02 Western Electric Company, Inc. Telephone cord having braided outer jacket
USRE31197E (en) * 1980-05-13 1983-04-05 Western Electric Company, Inc. Telephone cord having braided outer jacket

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US2232524A (en) 1941-02-18
US2217832A (en) 1940-10-15
US2200323A (en) 1940-05-14
GB535397A (en) 1941-04-08
FR861141A (en) 1941-02-08
US2281542A (en) 1942-05-05
BE436850A (en) 1939-12-30

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