[go: up one dir, main page]

US2193493A - Fermentation process for the preparation of paper pulp from bagasse and similarly incrusted cellulose fibers - Google Patents

Fermentation process for the preparation of paper pulp from bagasse and similarly incrusted cellulose fibers Download PDF

Info

Publication number
US2193493A
US2193493A US211410A US21141038A US2193493A US 2193493 A US2193493 A US 2193493A US 211410 A US211410 A US 211410A US 21141038 A US21141038 A US 21141038A US 2193493 A US2193493 A US 2193493A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
bagasse
bacteria
mass
incrusted
liquor
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US211410A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ritter Ernest Augustus
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
UNIVERSAL CELLULOSE PROPRIETAR
UNIVERSAL CELLULOSE Pty Ltd
Original Assignee
UNIVERSAL CELLULOSE PROPRIETAR
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by UNIVERSAL CELLULOSE PROPRIETAR filed Critical UNIVERSAL CELLULOSE PROPRIETAR
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2193493A publication Critical patent/US2193493A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01C—CHEMICAL OR BIOLOGICAL TREATMENT OF NATURAL FILAMENTARY OR FIBROUS MATERIAL TO OBTAIN FILAMENTS OR FIBRES FOR SPINNING; CARBONISING RAGS TO RECOVER ANIMAL FIBRES
    • D01C1/00—Treatment of vegetable material
    • D01C1/04—Bacteriological retting
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S435/00—Chemistry: molecular biology and microbiology
    • Y10S435/8215—Microorganisms
    • Y10S435/822—Microorganisms using bacteria or actinomycetales

Definitions

  • a fermentation ,process for the preparation of paperpulp from bagasse and x similarlyl incrusted cellulose fibers y consists in impregnating the out, .crushed -or nin, pectose and the like,such as bagasse, which consists in impregnating the incrusted cellulosic material with a liquor containing a' bacteria culture, derived from the natural bacteriav of the said material, controlling the amount of nutrient in the fermentation mass, stacking the impregnated material to allow a limited access of air to the mass, leaving the stacked material to ferment until the whole or greater part of the incrustants are. removed andthen washing.
  • the treated material is compressed into bales which are air-dried in an open stack.
  • a suitable liquor for use in the process is dunder-water (the eiiluent from the sugar-extraction process).
  • An important feature of the invention consists in that the impregnated cellulosic material is fermented in stacks on a sterile iioor. In this .way the bacteria culture does not become adulterated with any contaminating bacteria and consequently the fermenting bacteria can develop "unhindered by the presenceV of foreign bacteria. The temperature of the fermenting material rises rapidly from about 90 F. to about 160 F.
  • the fermentation process of this invention mayl liquor, containing bacteria cultured upon or de the amount of nutrientin the fermentation "mass I presence of a limited quantity of; air 'andfthen nally washing the material and compressing ⁇ it and is preferably maintained between these limits.
  • the stack may be covered with sacking, strawyor other suitable material; ⁇ in this way. also, the access' of air to the ⁇ fermenting mass may be controlled particularly where wood or wood-chips are being treated.
  • the process may be applied to' baled material
  • the air supply to the fermenting mass is controlled either by forcing air through the stacked mass when the temperature is too low or by compressing the stack when the temperature is too high.
  • the bagasse is impregnated with water containing a nutrient and a 'bacteria culture which has been derived from the natural bacteria present on the bagasse ber.
  • the bagasse is circulated along overhead launders together with the water and then from these launders is allowed to fall on to a cement floor where it becomes'stacked.
  • the water drains off and runs back to the original tank so that it may be recirculated.
  • cement floor is preferred since thereby a sterile surface is obtained and contamination of the mass is avoided. If a cement floor is not used it is essential that the surface of 'the ground or any other surface upon which the material is stacked should be sterilized either by yheating or by chemical treatment.l
  • the stacked material is allowed to remain fermenting for a period of from 14 days to 4 months according to the cellulose content which it is nally desired to obtain, and to suit any variations in the conditions of supplyof raw material and demand for treated product. ln any event, the fermentation process is arrested before the bacteria attack the actual cellulose bers themselves.
  • the external layer of about 1" to 2" thickness is removed for treatment with the succeeding batch of material and the remainder of the stack material is washed from the floor to a tank or washing machine where it is washed for a period of about 20 minutes whereby the bacteria are removedfrom the material and the fermentation is arrested.
  • the washed material is allowed to drainI and is then passed to a conveyor which delivers it to a baling press where a considerable quantity of the moisture is expressed from the material, the bales then being stacked open so as to allow a free air circulation over and through them so that they may dry to a water content from about 12% to about 20%.
  • the bagasse in this condition may be stored for years without further disintegration"- whole of the lignin and in'order to remove this i the cellulosic material is re-impregnated with enzymes e. g. papain obtained from the paw-paw rial.
  • enzymes e. g. papain obtained from the paw-paw rial.
  • any subsequent digestion which may be necessary is much reduced in cost owing to the great saving in chemicals required both by reason of the reduction in the amount of incrustants to be removed and by reason of the fact that the remaining incrustants are less resistant to the chemicals whilst at the same time the size of the boiler or digestion tanks may be lessened as a result of the high percentage of cellulose in the mass.
  • a further important advantage of the process lies in the fact that owing to the mildnessof the treatment as compared with the usual chemical processes, the resultant pulp is stronger and it is possible to prepare a semi-pulp for cardboard or building board pulp, solely by the present process without any chemical treatment whatsoever.
  • the baled material may be given a further treatment preparatory to the usual final bleaching treatment of an ordinary paper-pulp process. This may be accomplished by dipping the bales into solutions of diluted soda, sulphate, sulphite or monosulphite, and re-stacking.
  • the use of the monosulphite is particularly advantageous since it is milder and cheaper than the other processes and furthermore, since no costly regeneration process is necessary with the monosulphite process as with other processes, the combination of the present process with the subsequent monosulphite treatment provides a very economic treatment, and one which is available for substances 'which hitherto have not been amenable to the monosulphite process.
  • the cellulosic material after treatment by the fermentation process of the present invention, does not ⁇ absorb such large quantities of chemicals as the raw materials.
  • the re-stacked bales may be allowed to stand for a period of from 3 weeks to 2 months or so and during this time, owing to the gradual drying of the mass, there is a gradual concentration of the reagent.
  • the process is readily vapplicable to a very large number of other incrusted cellulosic materials amongst which may be mentioned esparto grass, tambookie grass, reeds, rushes and straw particularly rice-straw andmaize-strawwhich may be cut or crushed before impregnation andtalso to the more solid materials such as banana, eucalyptus, pine, bamboo, wattle wood, wood chips (such -as chestnut wood-chips after the tannin has been extracted) sawdust/and wattle bark waste ⁇ which - ⁇ must be cutf or'otherwise reduced to small pieces; peat and various barks and barktrimmings can also be treated successfully.
  • The' material it is advantageous, if not essential, to utilize a bacteria culture which is specically adapted for the distintegration of the incrustants '15 F. below -the lowest likely 4ambient tempera- .ture and each day, during the cultivation of the bacteria,- the temperature of theliquor is raised and lowered roughly to the extent of the difference between the daily maximum and minimum ternperatures.-
  • the use of bacteria cultured in this way results in a much greater increase in the percentage of cellulose inthe final product and it is possible to obtain material having an 85% content of cellulose as against a content of 65% cellulose when uncultured bacteria are utilized. It will be appreciated that the above procedure may be used with materialsother than bagasse toprovide the desired bacteria culture.
  • Figure 1 is a diagrammatic representation illustrating the process as a whole
  • Figure 2 shows the heaped material on a cement floor covered with sacking
  • Figure 3 shows the impregnated material stacked in bale form.
  • Figure 4 shows an alternative series of steps to those of the last two steps of Figure 1.
  • the cellulosic material to be treated is conveyed to a cutting machine where it is cut into suitably sized pieces, although it f will be understood that instead of a cutting machine, a crushing orA shredding device may be -employed.
  • a cutting machine where it is cut into suitably sized pieces, although it f will be understood that instead of a cutting machine, a crushing orA shredding device may be -employed.
  • crushed or shredded may be passed into 4a hopper and thence into an impregnating tank wher'e the liquor containing the bacteria becomes mixed
  • the material flows along the overhead launders and is then allowed to pour on to a sterile cement oor from which the surplus liquid, which drains out of the'mass, ⁇ may be pumped back to the impregnating tank.
  • the heaped material may -be covered with sacking and allowed to fermentuntil the desired degree of fermentation has been attained when it is washed and passed t0.a baling machine and subsyequently stacked in theI open air to dry.
  • bales instead of being stacked, may be-given a second fermentation prior to their being stacked for drying, as shown diagrammatically in Figure 4.
  • the fermentation may be carried out entirely with the material in bale form, in which case the bales are stacked on a cement oor and the interstices packed with impregnated straw,
  • a process for the removal of incrustants from-cellulosic fibrous material incrusted with lignin, pectose and the like which consists in impregnating said material with a liquor containing 'a bacteria culture derived from the natural bacteria. of the material and containing up -to about 5% of nutrient fox ⁇ the bacteria, flowing said material on to a sterilized floor byan excess of said liquor which closely stacks'the material thereon, draining the excess liquor from the impregnated mass and allowing a limited access of air to the material, allowing the impregnated mass to ferment, washing the fermented mass and stacking it in ⁇ bales in an, open stack to dry.
  • a fermentation process for the preparation of paper-pulp from bagasse which consists in baling the vbagasse, impregnating the bales with a liquor containing a bacteria culture derived from the natural bacteria ofv the bagasse and containing u p to about 5% of sugar-containing nutrient for the-bacteria, stacking theimpregnated bales on a sterilized floor and ypacking the interstices between the bales with loose impregnated straw, allowing the bagasse to ferment in the presence of a limited quantity of air, washing the fermented bagasse and air-drying the bales by stacking them in an open stack.
  • a process for the removal of incrustants from cellulosic fibrous material incrusted with lignin, pectose and the like which consists in impregnating said material with a liquor containing a bacteria culture derived from the natural bacteria of the said material and containing up to about 5% of nutrientfor the bacteria, stacking the material in a compressed state on a sterilized oor, draining the excess liquor from the impregnated mass, allowing the impregnated mass to ferment, washing the fermented mass, performing the additional step of subjecting the cellulosic fibrous material to a treatment with enzymes derived from the paw-paw tree to remove residual lignin, washing the material and stacking it in bales in an openstack to dry.
  • a process for the removal of incrustants from cellulosic fibrous material incrusted with lignin, pectose and the like which consistsin impregnating said material with a liquor containing a bacterial culture derived from the natural bacteria of the said material and containing up to about 5% of nutrient for the bacteria, stacking the material in a compressed state on a sterilized floor, draining the excess liquor from the impregnated mass, allowing the impregnated mass ,to ferment, washingv the fermented mass, pertion by bacteria derived from the secretions of the paper-wasp to remove residual lignin, washing the material and stacking it in bales .in an open stack to dry.
  • a process for the removal ofrincrustants from cellulosic fibrous material incrusted with lignin, pectose and the like which consists in impregnating said material with a liquor containing bacteria cultured on said material and containing up to about 5% of nutrient 4for the bacteria, stacking the material in a compressed state on a sterilized floor, draining the excess liquor from the impregnated mass, allowing the impregnated mass to ferment, washing the fermented mass, carrying out a further treatment by dipping the material into a solution of a disincrusting agent of the class consisting of diluted soda, sulphate, sulphite and monosulphite solutions and re-stacking it in bales in an open' stack to dry.
  • a disincrusting agent of the class consisting of diluted soda, sulphate, sulphite and monosulphite solutions and re-stacking it in bales in an open' stack to dry.
  • a process for the preparation of paperf pulp from bagasse which consists in impregnating said bagasse withaliquor containing a bacteria culture derived from the natural bacteria of the said material and containing up to about 5% vof sugar-containing nutrient for the bacteria, circulating said bagasse through launders by an excess of said liquor anad dischargingthe mass onto a sterilized oor to closely pack the bagasse thereon, draining the excess liquor from the impregnated mass, allowing the impregnated I bagasse to ferment until the greater part ofthe non-cellulosic bagasse is removed, Washing, compressing and baling the bagasse and allowing the x bagasse and containing up to about 5% of nutrient for the bacteria, circulating said material ing the impregnated bagasse to ferment until the greater part of the non-cellulosic material is removed, washing, compressing and baling the treated bagasse, carrying out a further treatment by dipping the bales into a solution of a disincrusting agent of the
  • a process for the preparation of paper-pulp from bagasse and similarly incrusted cellulosic materials which consists in impregnating said material with a liquor containing a bacteria culture derived from the natural bacteria of the bagasse and containing upto about 5% of sugarcontaining nutrient for the bacteria, circulating said bagasse through launders by an excess of said liquor and discharging the massl onto a sterilized floor to closely pack the bagasse thereon, draining the excess liquor from the impregnated mass allowing the impregnated bagasse to ferment until the greater part of the non-cellulosic material is remo-ved, Washing the fermented bagasse and performing the additional step of subjecting the fermented bagasse to a treatment with enzymes derived from the paw-paw tree to remove residual lignin, washing, compressing and baling the treated bagasse and allowing the bales to dry in an open stack to a moisture content of between about 12 and 20%.
  • a process for the preparation o f paper.- pulp from rice-straw having a high content of nutrient which consists in leaching out excess nutrient from said rice-straw, impregnating said rice straw with a liquor containing a bacteria culture derived from the. natural bacteria of the rice-straw and containing up to about 5% nutrient for the bacteria, circulating said material through launders by an excess of said liquor and discharging the mass onto a sterilized floor to closely pack vthe rice-straw thereon, draining the excess liquor from the impregnated mass and allowing a limited access of air to the rice-straw,
  • a process for the removal of incrustants from cellulosic brous material incrusted with lignin, pectose and the like which consists in impregnating said material with a liquor containing a bacteria culture derived from the natural.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Paper (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
US211410A 1937-06-30 1938-06-02 Fermentation process for the preparation of paper pulp from bagasse and similarly incrusted cellulose fibers Expired - Lifetime US2193493A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB18250/37A GB497960A (en) 1937-06-30 1937-06-30 Improvements in or relating to a fermentation process for the preparation of paper-pulp from bagasse and similarly incrusted cellulose fibres

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2193493A true US2193493A (en) 1940-03-12

Family

ID=10109235

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US211410A Expired - Lifetime US2193493A (en) 1937-06-30 1938-06-02 Fermentation process for the preparation of paper pulp from bagasse and similarly incrusted cellulose fibers

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US2193493A (fr)
FR (1) FR838820A (fr)
GB (2) GB497960A (fr)

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563836A (en) * 1947-10-18 1951-08-14 Edward S Heller Reaction base material
US3486969A (en) * 1965-07-20 1969-12-30 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Process for the treating of wood chips with fungi to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of the resinous components
US3964961A (en) * 1972-02-29 1976-06-22 Becker & Van Hullen Niederrheinische Maschinenfabrik Method for storing bagasse
US4339207A (en) * 1978-09-28 1982-07-13 Akzona Incorporated Temperature indicating compositions of matter
WO2004041995A1 (fr) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-21 The Texas A & M University System Procedes et systemes de pretraitement et de traitement de biomasse
US20040171136A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-09-02 Holtzapple Mark T. Methods and systems for pretreatment and processing of biomass
US20040168960A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-09-02 The Texas A&M University System Methods and systems for pretreatment and processing of biomass
WO2012051733A1 (fr) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Gramitech S.A. Procede et dispositif pour l'obtention et le traitement de fibres végétales
US10006167B2 (en) * 2014-08-19 2018-06-26 Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Pile delignification
DE102017222748B3 (de) * 2017-12-14 2019-05-29 Hope Tree International Gmbh Verfahren zum faseraufschluss von baobab-fasern
CN115559146A (zh) * 2022-07-18 2023-01-03 张健一 秸秆提取纤维素的工艺

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2960444A (en) * 1955-07-28 1960-11-15 Malise Graham Mackeurtan Process for the treatment of cellulosic materials
DE1116526B (de) * 1955-07-28 1961-11-02 Malise Graham Mackeurtan Verfahren zur Herstellung eines haltbaren Rohstoffes fuer Papier aus zellstoffhaltigen Rohstoffen
DE19854324B4 (de) * 1998-09-09 2005-01-20 Herres-Costard, Cornelia Verfahren zur biologischen Gewinnung von Cellulosefasermaterial aus Calciumpectinat-haltigem, pflanzlichen Substrat

Cited By (13)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2563836A (en) * 1947-10-18 1951-08-14 Edward S Heller Reaction base material
US3486969A (en) * 1965-07-20 1969-12-30 Mo Och Domsjoe Ab Process for the treating of wood chips with fungi to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of the resinous components
US3964961A (en) * 1972-02-29 1976-06-22 Becker & Van Hullen Niederrheinische Maschinenfabrik Method for storing bagasse
US4339207A (en) * 1978-09-28 1982-07-13 Akzona Incorporated Temperature indicating compositions of matter
US20040168960A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-09-02 The Texas A&M University System Methods and systems for pretreatment and processing of biomass
US20040171136A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2004-09-02 Holtzapple Mark T. Methods and systems for pretreatment and processing of biomass
WO2004041995A1 (fr) * 2002-11-01 2004-05-21 The Texas A & M University System Procedes et systemes de pretraitement et de traitement de biomasse
US20080121359A1 (en) * 2002-11-01 2008-05-29 The Texas A&M University System Methods and Systems for Pretreatment and Processing of Biomass
US8262853B2 (en) 2002-11-01 2012-09-11 The Texas A&M University System Methods for pretreatment and processing of biomass
WO2012051733A1 (fr) * 2010-10-22 2012-04-26 Gramitech S.A. Procede et dispositif pour l'obtention et le traitement de fibres végétales
US10006167B2 (en) * 2014-08-19 2018-06-26 Istanbul Teknik Üniversitesi Pile delignification
DE102017222748B3 (de) * 2017-12-14 2019-05-29 Hope Tree International Gmbh Verfahren zum faseraufschluss von baobab-fasern
CN115559146A (zh) * 2022-07-18 2023-01-03 张健一 秸秆提取纤维素的工艺

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
FR838820A (fr) 1939-03-16
GB497982A (en) 1938-12-30
GB497960A (en) 1938-12-30

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US2193493A (en) Fermentation process for the preparation of paper pulp from bagasse and similarly incrusted cellulose fibers
US5055159A (en) Biomechanical pulping with C. subvermispora
US5804035A (en) Process for recovering chips and fibers from residues of timber-derived materials, old pieces of furniture, production residues, waste and other timber containing materials
US5620564A (en) Method of enhancing biopulping efficacy
US3486969A (en) Process for the treating of wood chips with fungi to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of the resinous components
CN102475353A (zh) 一种烟梗纤维物质及其制备方法和用途
CN110453519B (zh) 一种食用菌菌渣的制浆方法
DE2750600A1 (de) Verfahren zur wiedergewinnung von cellulosefasern aus einer verbundfolie
GB727191A (en) Improvements in or relating to the production of cellulose pulp from plant materials
Wall et al. Biopulping process design and kinetics
US2899350A (en) Process for storing and digesting of
US1771598A (en) Process for digesting fibrous material
US6613192B1 (en) Process for producing biokraft pulp from eucalyptus chips
US3666620A (en) Treatment of bagasse with a nontoxic fungicidal acid to prevent mycelial deterioration
US2137779A (en) Process of impregnating wood chips
US2899352A (en) Manufacture of structural board from
US1825655A (en) Method of manufacturing cellulose
US3036949A (en) Method of preparing pulp for the production of insulating board and the like
US2960444A (en) Process for the treatment of cellulosic materials
US1918250A (en) Method of producing alpha cellulose
US2874044A (en) Multistage process relating to the alkaline digestion of raw cellulosic materials for the production of pulp with a high content of alpha cellulose
US2168722A (en) Process for the production of predigested vegetable foodstuff for animals
US1633594A (en) Retted bagasse fiber and process of producing same
US1633731A (en) Process for treating plant material
WO2005103370A1 (fr) Traitement enzymatique des pates de bois