US2175271A - Metallic building - Google Patents

Description

Oct, 10, 1939. M. w. LETHLY I METALLIC BUILDING Filed Aug. 26, 1957 {Sheets-Sheet 2 FIG \3 o o 2 8. UHHV I u m o o 5 R llnl'l i 5 v r g wnr O m l 5 B m M I Oct. 10, 1939. M. w. LETHLY METALLIC BUILDING Filed Aug. 26, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 eilii m /l\ I. III! I.

3n en r Filed Aug. 26, 1937 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Inventor (Ittomegd Patented Oct. 10, 1939 V 2,175,271

UNITED STATES PATENT orFrca METALLIC BUILDING Marlay W. Lethly, Springfield, Ohio Application August 26, 1937, Serial No. 161,002 7 Claims. (01. 189--34) This invention relates to metal buildings, it one of the side wall sections showing a door frame particularly relating to buildings which are in section fitted thereto. fabricated at the factory and from there shipped Fig. 11 is a section on the line ll-Il of Fig. 9. to the building site in condition for ready erec- Fig. 12 is a view in section of two of the roof tion. rafters at their point of juncture together with a 5 In the construction of metal dwellings in the yertical section of a portion of the roof and the past the labor cost at the building site has manner of securing the edges thereto at the amounted to a very considerable proportion of ridge of the structure. I the total cost of the building. It is one of the Fig. 13 is a vertical section of a portion of the 0 objects of this invention that this labor cost be floor structure showing the manner of joining o materially reduced by eliminating the necessity the joists together. of cutting, spot welding and substantially all Fig. 14 is a plan view of a portion of the roof riveting, bolting and nailing at the building site so and also a portion of two of the roof rafters at as to make it possible to erect the building comthe point of juncture and the means for securing. plete without any skilled labor except for the them together. 15 interior finish of the walls, floor and ceilings; the Fig. 15 is a View partly in elevation and partly fastening means for the various sections of the in vertical section of some of the long side wall exterior of the building consisting of but few sections looking from the inside of the structure bolts, nails and rivets. and also showing at the bottom a portion of the 90 Further and more specific objects of the invenfoundation and at the top a portion of the angle tion will appear from the accompanying drawirons which connect the side wall sections tol ings, description, and claims. gether.

In the accompanying drawings: Fig. 16 is a section on the line l6-l6 of Fig. 15. Fig. 1 is a plan view of the exterior wall con- Fig. 17 is a section on the line 11-11 of struction, showing in place thereon some of the Fig. 15. roof and ceiling joists. The side walls of the structure consist of a Fig. 2 is a view partly in side elevation and series of metallic sections. Each of these secpartly in section, the section being on the line tions is pressed or stamped of sheet metal so as 2.4 of i 1, to form an outer wall I, end walls 2-, a base plate Fig. 3 is an enlarged transverse section of a 3 and ahead plate 4. All of these sections are for 80 portion of the outer wall of the structure together the full height of a one-story building with the with a portion of the lining for the interior strucexception f the places Wh r th Windows or ture. doors are inserted at which places the sections Fig. 4 is a vertical section of one of the parare naturally shorter. The base Plates 3 a e S8- titions in the interior of the building showing cured to the foundationFby bolts 5. To this end the manner of securing the same to the ceilin an insert of sheet metal is placed in the concrete and floor joists. of the foundation when the same is poured and 5 is a ti n t 11 5 .5 of 4, extends entirely around the building. This metal Fig 6 is a vertical section through one of the insert is of channel-form and has an enlargement side wan Sections Showing the manner of 6 at the bottom to receive the heads of the bolts, 40

largement is approached by a neck 1 ortin the combined cellm and floor oists for a whlch en Ewo-stiry structure, one of ihe joists being shown Of substantially the diameter of the shank of the belt, which neck terminates in horizontal flanges partly m slde elevamon and Partly m seicnon i 8 which rest on the top of the foundation and the support for the same being shown in section.

. 1 are slightly imbedded therein so as to be flush 46 7 1s a section on the me 1 of with the top thereof. This arrangement provides 8 a vertical Sectionf F Short side for a continuous inverted T-shaped slot around wall sections showing a metallic window installed the entire f d ti and the head f each therein also in section and also showing a portion bolt is f a flat elongated character as shown in 50 of the foundation and one of the floor joists. dotted lines in Fig 15 the width f which 50 Fis- 9 s a vertical section of one of the short mits it to be inserted through the neck 1 after side wall sections of the structure, a portion of a which it is given a quarter turn. The base plate window, a portion o One Of the e ling joists and 3 is perforated to receive the bolt 5 and nuts 5" one of the rafters and a portion of the roof. on the bolts to clamp the parts together. The Fig. 10 is a transverse section.of a portion of enlargement at the bottom of the insert serves 55 to anchor the insert in the cement without the aid of additional fastening devices.

The upper end plates 4 of each of the sections are connected together by angle iron plates 10 which extend around the entire structure, as shown in Fig. l in which the plates are shown partly in full lines and partly in dotted lines. In a four-sided structure four of these plates would be employed, the adjacent ends of which are connected together by angular straps I 1 preferably riveted thereto. The saidheadplates 4 of th'e respective wall; sections are connected to-these plates I by bolts l2 (Figs. 1, 2 and 9) The end walls 2 of'adjacent sections are each formed with a V-shaped depression (3, which when pressed together form a vertical rectangular groove in which is inserted a suitable plastic material I4 to provide for calking and also furnish an expansion joint between adjacent sections. The end walls tions are also interlocked by providing the inner edge of one end wall with a lateral flange l5 and the adjacent end wall with a lateral'flange IS, the edge of the flange l5 being bent to hook form as indicated at l5 so as to receive a hook l6 formed on the edge of the flange l6.

To interlock these flanges,'-after' one section has been properly positioned an adjacent section is held at a slight angle thereto so that the hook I 5' may be engaged with the hook l6 after which the succeeding section may be swung parallel with the first section.

Located in each of the side wall sections is a plank of insulating material l1. Each of these planks of insulating material is centrally positioned in its corresponding side wall sections and is held in position by providing the side edges thereof with V-shaped grooves which receive the V shaped depressions l3 of the ends 2 of the side wall sections. These insulating planks may be of any suitable material such as flber impregnated with pitch and termite-proof'compound and the outside surface is covered with a sheet 18 of aluminum, copper or other reflective type of insulation to add toits insulating value.

Each of the side wall sections is provided with means for draining the condensation on the inside thereof and for a circulation of air between the wall "I and'theinsulationg, Referring to Figs. 15, 16 and 17, the lower: end of each side wall section at the point where the wall I joins with the base plate 3 is depressedto form a drain trough 19 having an opening 20. This opening 20 not only permits the escape of the condensation but also permits the entrance of air which will circulate upwardly-an'cl' escapethrough an opening 2| in the head plate 4.

The floor joists for'the structure are best shown in Figs. 8 and13. Each joist is formed of sheet metal and consists of-a flat central .web portion 22 having mounted on one edge thereof a flange 23 which is received in a channel of the adjacent joinst consisting of *a flange 24 having its edge provided .with a Ubend 25.

" There is provided a seriesof roof joists which are constructed in all respects like the floor joistsexcepting that they are inverted (Figs. 1, 2 and 9). The horizontal portion of these joists is indicated at 26; having one edge thereof formed with an upwardly'turned flange 21 and the other edge with an upwardly turned U-bend 28 which receives the flange 21 of the adjacent joists. These roof joists are secured to the angle iron plates ID by the same bolts l2 which secure -cent ends thereof a sheet 2 of adjacent side wallsec-- the rafters and is slit to the side wall sections and the plates together, these bolts passing through the horizontal portions 26 of the joists.

A series of roof rafters are employed, these rafters being shown 14. Each of these best in Figs. 1, 2, 9, 12 and rafters is formed of sheet metal consisting of a flat web portion 28 having a flange 30 on one edge which fits in a U-bend 3! on the edge of the adjacent rafter.

The flanges and U-bends of the rafters occupy "positions-between the flanges andU- bends of the floor joists and tie rods '32- pass through the flanges and U-bends 01' both the rafters and joists to anchor the rafters in position, these tie on their ends to clamp against the flanges of the outermost joist.

,' Tosecure :the upper adjacent ends of the rafterstogether there is inserted between adjametal strip 33 (Figs. 12 and 14) the upper edge of which projects beyond v form tongues 33' which are alternately bent in opposite directionsand secured to the rafters by nails 34 .or other suitable fastening devices.

The "roofing sections are formed of a base or sheathing 3 5 preferably of the same material as that of the insulating strips l1. A sheet of copper 36 is glued on' the upper side of each section 35 with the sheets at adjacent edges of the sections 35 projecting beyond the sections so that they can be upturned in parallel relation as indicated at 36' in Fig. 11 and secured together by U-shaped clips 31 and rivets 38 (see also Fig. 9). The insulated sheathing material '35 is applied to the stallation. Atthepoint where a'window is to be installed the side wall sections indicatedat Ila are short so or more of thejshort side wall sections. I In installing the windows the lower short sec,-

tions are erected, these sections being constructed the same in all respects as the ,side wall sections previously describedwith' the exception thatthe upper hea fjplate, fisl omitted. A metallic sill 42 is placed over the lower short s e wall section, a portion. of this sill preferablyjresting on a wooden strip"43 which" is supported by the top of the '"short"lowei wall sections The window constructed in the same manner as the long sections previously described with the ex'ception that the lower base-.plateyfl'. =is formed with a longitudinally extending groove 45 -toreceive calking material 46 into which the vertical flange of the upper portion of the window of the frame 'is placed, calking material having also been. placed in the pocket formed by the angular frame. The

vertical flanges of the sides of the window frame are imbedded in the plastic N in the V-shaped grooves of the adjacent full-height side wall sections I as shown at the top of Fig. 3.

For the corner joints between the side wall sections the sections at the ends of the structure are slightly modified, as shown in Fig. 3, so that the vertical ends 2' of adjacent corner sections will be angularly arranged and the shape of the depression I3 altered so as to provide a triangular shaped groove instead of a rectangular In erection one of these corner sections groove. is first placed in position and bolted to the foundation. in the manner previously described by the bolts 5. The other corner section is turned at such an angle to the first section that its interlocking flange may be interlocked with the interlocking flange of the first section and then turned to its proper position, the flanges hinging upon each other. When this last section reaches its flnal position parallel with the wall the joints are interlocked perfectly tight and are ready to receive its securing bolts 5.

In Fig. 10 there is shown the manner of securing the door frame to one of the vertical ends 2 of a side wall section. In this case the interlocking flange on the end 2 is omitted and there is bolted to the outer surface of the end 2 a slip 41 by bolts, one of which is shown at 48. This slip has a V-shaped depression 49 which cooperates with the vertical depression i3 of the side wall section to provide a groove for calking compound 50. It also has its side edges downturned as indicated at 5| and 52 to provide grooves to receive the inturned edges of substantially U-shaped door frames 53.

The interior finish consists of sheets of ply wood 56 which are nailed to wooden strips 55, two only of which are shown inFig. 3. These wooden-strips are secured to the ends 2 of the side wall sections by screws or other suitable fastening devices. About all window frames and door frames a metallic clip trim 56 is employed,

the details of which need not be described as" these trims are stock articles now on the market.

In Figs. 4 and 5 there is shown an arrangement for providing a partition in the structure. U shaped spacing channels 51 and 56 are secured respectively to the ceiling joists and floor joists and are of a-length equal to the desired length of the partition. These channel members are secured to the joists by clincher nails as shown. A series of studs 59 built up of two sheet metal channels riveted together are positioned between the channels. After the channel members are in place the studs merely set in position on the inside of the channel member; 'An interior finish 60 of ply board is secured to the studs by means of steel clinching nails driven between the two members of the stud, theupper and lower edges of the ply board finish resting against the webs of the steel channel so as to keep them properly alined.

For a two-story structure the side wall sections are made twice as high as for a one-story structure and means are provided to have these side wall sections support the ceiling joists for the first story as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. To this end a beam 6| is extended longitudinally through the ends 2 of the side wall section, the

ends being provided with slotted openings 62 to receive the beam. Upon this beam rests the ceiling joist, a portion of one of which is indicated at 63, one of these beams being located upon each side of the structure. The lower edges of the joists have recesses 64 to receive the beams. These joists are constructed in all respects like the ceiling joists heretofore described with flanges and U-bends, these flanges and U- bends being the part which rests upon the beam.

In Fig. 9 there is shown a sheet metal gutter 65, the inner wall 65'. of which covers the open space between the side wall sections and the roof. This inner wall has a bent flange 65" which is inserted between the roof and the roof rafters and braces 66 connect the inner wall 65' with the outer wall of the gutter.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a metallic structure, a plurality of sheet metal side sections each consisting of an outer wall, end walls and top and bottom plates, a concrete foundation, an insert imbedded in said foundation forming an inverted T-shaped channel, bolts having their heads interlocked in said channels for securing the bottom plates of said sections .to said foundation, means extending about the structure for connecting the top plates together, and means for securing adjacent sections together.

2. In a metallic structure, a series of sheet a metal sid, wall sections consisting of long sections extending at least the height of a story, a metallic window frame of angular form, short side wall sections above and below said window frame, the upper short section being bent to form a transversely extending calking receiving recess and into which the vertical web of the upper portion of the window frame extends, the vertical ends of the adjacent long side wall sections being also bent to form calking receiving recesses into which the vertical webs of the windowfrarne extend.

3. In a metallic structure, a series of sheet metal side wall sections consisting of long sections extending at least the height of, a story, a metallic window frame of angular form, short side wall sections above and below said window frame, the upper short section being bent to form a transversely'extending calking receiving recess and into which the vertical web of the upper portion of the window frame extends, the vertical ends of the adjacent long side wall sections being also bent to form calking receiving recesses into which the vertical webs of the window frame extend, a metallic sill supported on the lower short section beneath the window frame, said sill supporting said window frame, and calking material placed in the pocket formed by the angular shaped lower portion of the window frame.

4. In a metallic structure, a plurality of sheet metal side sections each having a bottom plate, a concrete foundation, an insert imbedded in said foundation forming a channel having an enlarged bottom, bolts having their heads interlocked in the enlarged portions of said channels for securing the bottom plates of said sections to said foundation, and means for securing adjacent sections together.

5. A metallic structure, including a plurality of sheet metal side sections each consisting of an outer wall, end walls and top and bottom plates, means for securing the bottom plates to the foundation of the structure, means extending about the structure and connecting the top plates together, means for securing the extreme inner edges of adjacent end walls together, with the remaining portions of said end walls otherwise free of connections, the outer end portions of ad-

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