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US2168296A - Microwave oscillator and associated circuit - Google Patents

Microwave oscillator and associated circuit Download PDF

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Publication number
US2168296A
US2168296A US146178A US14617837A US2168296A US 2168296 A US2168296 A US 2168296A US 146178 A US146178 A US 146178A US 14617837 A US14617837 A US 14617837A US 2168296 A US2168296 A US 2168296A
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US
United States
Prior art keywords
circuit
oscillations
frequency
anodes
group
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US146178A
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English (en)
Inventor
Vries Gerrit De
Lindern Carl G A Von
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Koninklijke Philips NV
Original Assignee
Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV filed Critical Philips Gloeilampenfabrieken NV
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US2168296A publication Critical patent/US2168296A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
    • H03B19/00—Generation of oscillations by non-regenerative frequency multiplication or division of a signal from a separate source
    • H03B19/06—Generation of oscillations by non-regenerative frequency multiplication or division of a signal from a separate source by means of discharge device or semiconductor device with more than two electrodes
    • H03B19/08—Generation of oscillations by non-regenerative frequency multiplication or division of a signal from a separate source by means of discharge device or semiconductor device with more than two electrodes by means of a discharge device
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J25/00—Transit-time tubes, e.g. klystrons, travelling-wave tubes, magnetrons
    • H01J25/50—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field
    • H01J25/52—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode
    • H01J25/58—Magnetrons, i.e. tubes with a magnet system producing an H-field crossing the E-field with an electron space having a shape that does not prevent any electron from moving completely around the cathode or guide electrode having a number of resonators; having a composite resonator, e.g. a helix

Definitions

  • the tube envelope I! is cemented into a base 18 in the usual manner.
  • the part a comprises the anodes 2 and 4 and the part b the anodes 6, 8, l0 and I2.
  • the cathode of the magnetron is designated by 3.
  • the magnetic field coil I5 is disposed substantially in coaxial relation to the linear cathode 3.
  • the anodes 2 and 4 of the part a are interconnected via an oscillatory circuit 5 to which the oscillations to be multiplied are supplied.
  • the anodes 6, 8, l0 and [2 of the part b are divided into two groups in such manner that each anode pertains to a group other than that of the adjacent anodes.
  • the anodes 6 and i0 pertain to one group and the anodes 8 and I2 to the other group.
  • the anodes 6 and [0 or 8 and I2 respectively of each group are interconnected electrically through a. conductor F or 9 respectively and the middle points of the conductors l and 9 are interconnected via a circuit I l tuned to the doubled frequency of the oscillations occurring in the circuit 5.
  • the mid- .dle points of the circuits 5 and II are connected to the positive pole of the source of voltage which supplies the requisite anode voltage and the negative pole of which is connected to the cathode 3.
  • the source of voltage which supplies the cathode supply voltage is designated by Hi.
  • This invention relates to a micro-wave oscillator circuit and more particularly to a circuit arrangement including a magnetron discharge tube and means for multiplying or dividing the frequency of oscillations generated.
  • Magnetron discharge tubes as commonly built for use in oscillation generators are characterized by a linear cathode co-axially disposed with respect to a cylindrical anode system.
  • the anode system is divided into two groups, arranged lengthwise of the cathode so that these groups are in effect separated by a plane normal to the electrode axis.
  • One of these groups preferably contains a number of segments which is a multiple of the number of segments in the other group.
  • the segments of the second group are joined together by a resonant circuit while diametrically opposed segments of the first group are joined together by mutually independent resonant circuits.
  • These resonant circuits are so tuned that fundamental frequency oscillations may be generated by virtue of the charges built up on the anode segments of the group having a lesser number, while oscillations of a frequency harmonically related to the fundamental frequency are developed in the resonant circuits interconnecting diametrically opposed anode segments of the group having the greater number.
  • Fig. 2 illustrates a suitable magnetron disthe cathode is traversed by the electrons emitted from, the cathode, the electrons emitted from that part of the cathode 3 which is inside the part b of the tube being carried along by them and describing also a spiral path around the cathode.
  • the speed at which the said path is traversed by the electrons is such that during a half period of the oscillations occurring in. the circuit 5 the electrons have traversed a path along the circumference of the cylindrical surface formed by the anodes which covers an angle of 180. While this path is being traversed part of the electrons pass in the part b of the tube in succession past the anodes 6 and 8 or H! and
  • a magnetron comprising a number of anodes which jointly form a cylindrical surface and which are divided by a surface normal to the axis of the cylindrical shell into two systems a and b.
  • the tube itself is shown in Fig. 2, where the electrode system which is contained in the envelope IT is shown in perspective.
  • Means for exciting I the discharge zone magnetically is illustrated in Fig. 2 as by the magnetic field coil l5 which derives its period of the oscillations supplied to the circuit 5 the circuit connected between the anodes 6 and 8 on the one hand and the anodes l0 and I2 on the other hand is excited once at the anode 8 or H!
  • the circuit described is suited both for multiplying and for dividing high frequency and ultrahigh frequency oscillations.
  • the oscillations the frequency of which is to be divided are supplied to the circuit 1 I, after which oscillations having a frequency which is half the frequency of the oscillations supplied to the circuit H can be derived from the circuit 5.
  • the oscillations the frequency of which is to be multiplied or to be divided may also be generated by the magnetron itself,
  • the circuit is in addition suited for genera??? a frequency which is the p harmonic of the scillations supplied to the circuit 5 or of the oscillations set up in the circuit 5.
  • the ratio of the number of anodes of the part a and the number of anodes of the part b governs the harmonic or sub-harmonic that can be obtained by means of the circuit according to the invention. If the part b of the tube shown in Fig. 1 were to contain six anodes, then the circuit according to the invention could be used for tripling the oscillations supplied to the circuit 5 or set up in this circuit, since in this case three anodes are traversed during half the oscillation period of the oscillations occurring in the circuit 5 so that the time which elapses between the excitement in phase opposition of the circuit connected between the groups of anodes is a third of half the oscillation period of the oscillations occurring in the circuit 5.
  • the circuit is also suited for doubling or tripling the frequency of the oscillations occurring in the circuit 5.
  • four anodes of the part a are divided into two groups and the anodes pertaining to one of the groups are connected via an oscillatory circuit to the anodes of the other group as shown in Fig. 1 for the anodes 6, 8, I0 and I2 of the part b.
  • the circuit according to the invention may be used particularly when there is a need for ultrahigh frequency oscillations having a constant frequency.
  • Ultra-high frequency oscillations having a frequency of the order of magnitude of 410 megacycles and higher can no longer be generated by a retroactively coupled generator and though a magnetron generator is suited for the generation of oscillations having such a high frequency, the frequency of the oscillations generated by a magnetron generator depends to a marked extent on the voltages supplied to the electrodes of the magnetron and the frequency of the oscillations generated is consequently variable.
  • a feed-back coupled generator which is arranged for the generation of a sub-harmonic of the desired frequency, the generated oscillations being supplied to a frequency multiplier according to the invention.
  • An oscillator in combination with means for producing energy harmonically related to the frequency of the oscillations generated, said oscillator comprising a magnetron discharge tube having a system of cylindrically formed anode segments and a linear cathode coaxially disposed within the anode system, said segments being arranged in two groups lengthwise of the cathode, the ratio between the numbers of segments in said two groups being the same as the ratio between the two frequencies which are harmonically related, magnetic field exciting means for producing a rotating cloud of electrons within the two groups of anode segments, a resonant circuit interconnecting the anode segments of the group having the lesser number of segments, a
  • resonant circuit interconnecting different pairs of diametrically opposed anode segments of the further characterized in that the number of anode segments in one group bears the same ratio to the number of segments of the other group as the ratio between the two frequencies to which the resonant circuits of the two groups are respectively tuned.
  • the method of deriving an ultra-high frequency wave which bears a harmonic relation to a fundamental Wave generated by said oscillator which comprises applying a magnetic field to the discharge Zone, applying operating potentials to the electrodes of one group at suitable values for generating the fundamental frequency, resonating the oscilla- 4 tory energy charges which are built up on the electrodes of that group, causing a single cloud of electrons to rotate within the entire discharge zone in unison with the fundamental frequency, and deriving the harmonically related frequency by resonating the oscillatory energy charges which are built up on the electrodes of the other r up.

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  • Microwave Tubes (AREA)
  • Control Of High-Frequency Heating Circuits (AREA)
US146178A 1936-06-05 1937-06-03 Microwave oscillator and associated circuit Expired - Lifetime US2168296A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
NL478413X 1936-06-05

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US2168296A true US2168296A (en) 1939-08-01

Family

ID=19786545

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US146178A Expired - Lifetime US2168296A (en) 1936-06-05 1937-06-03 Microwave oscillator and associated circuit

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US2168296A (de)
DE (1) DE675311C (de)
FR (1) FR822638A (de)
GB (1) GB478413A (de)
NL (1) NL46806C (de)

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2535793A (en) * 1946-01-08 1950-12-26 Rca Corp Magnetron
US2549846A (en) * 1946-10-31 1951-04-24 Gen Electric Electron coupled magnetron oscillator
US2748280A (en) * 1952-07-25 1956-05-29 Gen Electric Magnetron amplifier
US2748279A (en) * 1952-07-25 1956-05-29 Gen Electric Magnetron amplifier
US3094643A (en) * 1959-10-01 1963-06-18 Zenith Radio Corp Frequency multiplier and wave signal generator

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2535793A (en) * 1946-01-08 1950-12-26 Rca Corp Magnetron
US2549846A (en) * 1946-10-31 1951-04-24 Gen Electric Electron coupled magnetron oscillator
US2748280A (en) * 1952-07-25 1956-05-29 Gen Electric Magnetron amplifier
US2748279A (en) * 1952-07-25 1956-05-29 Gen Electric Magnetron amplifier
US3094643A (en) * 1959-10-01 1963-06-18 Zenith Radio Corp Frequency multiplier and wave signal generator

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB478413A (en) 1938-01-18
NL46806C (de)
FR822638A (fr) 1938-01-05
DE675311C (de) 1939-05-06

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