US2142635A - Method of and apparatus for waving hair - Google Patents

Description

,Jan. 3, 1939. J. EIBNER 2,142,635-

' METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR WAVING HAIR Filed 001:. 7, 1936 W /115 W I Patented Jan. 3, 1939 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE METHOD or AND arranarus roa wavnvc 6 Claims.

My invention is an improved hair wavlns method and device for providing coiffures with uniform waves or curls and free from zigzagging and the inequalities and irregularities due to the usual overlapping of one thickness ofhair on another.

In accordance with my improved method, the hair is divided into locks each of which is wound into ,a helix of substantially uniform internal and external diameter throughout its length, and in which each coil of the helix is offset axially from the preceding coil. The helix so wound may be tightened and is secured in position adjacent to the scalp until the hair has been given a durable wave steaming or "set".

In carrying out such method, a pair of yielding jaws is clamped adjacent to the scalp on a lock of hair which is brushed out to form a strand of substantially uniform thickness, and which will generally taper in width toward the ends of the hair. Such jaws form a protector and provide a support for a spring socket for receiving a curler preferably consisting of a cylindrical curling rod, having a concave gripper pivotally connected therewith. Preferably the rod is provided with a head adjacent to the pivotal connection of the gripper and the latter is transversely curved on a radius shorter than the radius of curvature of the cylindrical surface of the rod. When the rod andgripper are pressed firmly together, the edges of the gripperclamp the strand of hair, but when the pressure is released, the curler is movable relatively to the strand of hair.

In practice,. the outer portion of a strand of hair is gripped between the gripper and rod adjacent the ends thereof remote from the pivot point, the curler being positioned diagonally across the strand of hair. By turning the curler while the gripper secured the strand to the rod, the hair is wound into a helix sothat all portions of the lock are wound into a coil of similar curvature throughout its length both inside and outside. When the winding of the lock is completed, the curler with the lock wound thereon is pressed into the spring grip carried by the jaws. This grip prevents the hair from unwinding during the steaming period and the curler may be turned within the grip to tighten the coil of hair thereon.

The characteristic features and advantages of my improvements will further appear from the following description and the accompanying drawing in illustration thereof. l

a In the drawing, Fig. 1 is a side elevation of a head for a coiflure partly coiled in accordance with my invention and a straight lock havingthe devices comprised in my invention positioned for beginning the coiling thereof Fig. 2 is a detached fragmentary view of the lock shown in Fig. i partly coiled; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary view of the lock shown in Fig. 1 completely coiled and secured in position; Fig. 4 is a detached perspective view of the clamping jaws and mounting, and Fig. 5 is a perspective view of an open curler comprised ln my invention.

As illustrated in the drawing, a lock of hair A to be waved is brushed out until it is of substantially uniform transverse thickness. There is then clamped to the lock adjacent to the scalp a clamp comprising jaws I and 2 pivotally connected together at one end by the arms 3 and 4 l5 and pintle 5. A stem 6 projecting from the opposite end of the cylindrical jaw i has pivotally connected therewith the links I to one of which is secured a spring clip 8 having jaws normally biased toward one another but capable of yielding outwardly for the insertion of a coiled look. A latch 9 pivotally connected with the links I has a curved cam surface ill of the keeper ll so that when the jaws are positioned parallel to one another and the cam suriace I0 engages the curved surface of the keeper ii the latch 9 may be rocked on its axis to clamp the jaws firmly together.

Normally the lock of hair A will taper slightly in width toward its outer end, and in the practice of my invention such outer end is positioned between the cylindrical rod l2 and the concave gripper I3 of a curler having a knurled head M at one end thereof. The gripper l3 and rod ii are pivotally connected by a pintle l5 and the radius of curvature of' the gripper i3 is preferably less than the radius of curvature of the rod l2, so that the edges of the gripper engage the peripheral surface of the rod when the two members are pressed together and permit adjustment of 40 the lock A between them.

The curler is applied to the lock A diagonally of the width of the latter, as shown in Fig. 1. When the curler is turned about its axis by rotating the head It, the lock is coiled in helix of substantially uniform internal and external diameter. The axis of the helix extends transversely to the width of the lock and substantially diagonally. The coils of the helix project axially beyond one another so that when the coiling is completed, as shown in Fig. 3, the axial length of the helix is substantially greater than the maximum width of the uncoiled lock, and the end of the helix formed of the outer portion of the lock where the winding began extends substantially beyond the ends of as the Jaws I and 2. The curler is of substantially greater length than the maximum width of the rock which can be encompassed between the Jaws l and 2 and when the coiling of the lock is completed. a hair covered section of the curler, between its ends, is pressed between the Jaws of the clip I, where it is held by the biasing of such Jaws toward one another. The elasticity of the clip 8 permits the turning of the curler by means of its head I after the hair covered section thereof has been seated in the clip. whereby the coil can be tightened to a desired degree. The curler with the coiled lock thereon is permitted to remain in the clip until the desired steaming has been given to the hair to form a curl extending transversely to the length of the hair and at substantially uniform interior and exterior diameter.

' It will of course be understood that a suflicient number of clamping Jaws and curlers are used successively to provide the desired number of curls.

Having described my invention, I claim:

1. A method of waving hair which includes winding a lock of hair into a helix of substantially uniform internal and external diameter having its axis adjacent and substantially parallel to the scalp, the winding beginning at the outer portion of the lock and terminating adjacent to the scalp without overlapping one winding upon another, and securing the lock in such helix in a position determined by the length of the helix until given a steaming or durable wave.

2. A method of waving human hair which includes securing a lock thereof adjacent to the scalp, and winding the projecting section of the loci: in a helix of substantially uniform internal and external diameter having its axis adjacent andsubstantially parallel to the scalp, and securing such lock in its so-wound condition in a position determined by the location .of the last helical winding until it is set.

3. A method of waving human hair which inthe lock and. securing the coiled lock with its axis transverse to the length of the lock when uncoiled and in a position relative to the width of the lock at its base determined by the position of the last helical coil.

4. A method of waving human hair which includes forming a lock thereof of substantially uniform thickness and ceiling such look about an axis to form a helix having an axial length substantially greater than the maximum width of the uncoiled lock, the axis of such helix extending transversely to the length of the lock, and such helix extending beyond one side of the lock at its base a distance determined by the position of the last helical coil.

5. A hair waving device including Jaws for clamping a lock of hair adjacent to the scalp, a curler having a length in excess of the maximum width of the lock which can be encompassed between said jaws. and a spring clip supported by said jaws for yieldingly gripping sections of said curler covered by different thicknesses of hair and holding said curler parallel to said Jaws with a hair covered section projecting beyond the end of said Jaws.

6. A hair waving device including means for holding a lock of hair adjacent to the scalp and a curler comprising a cylindrical rod and concave gripper extending along said rod and having a radius of curvature less than the radius of curvature of the surface of the cylindrical rod, and

having edges coacting with said rod to grip a lock of hair on opposite sides of a free section thereof.

JULIUS EIBNER.

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