US2138208A - Duplicating machine - Google Patents

Description

0. E. ROSEN Nov. 29, 1938.

DUPLICATING MACHINE Filed April 21, 1937 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 ATTORNEYJ.

INVENTOR. 0.5 c 0/5 Pose/7 Patented Nov. 29, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,138,208 DUPLICATING mourns Oscar E. Rosen, Detroit, Mich.

Application April 21, 1937, Serial N0. 138,1

9 Claims. (01. 90-135) The present invention relates to/profiling machines or machines for reproducing contours, and has among its objects a machine of this type which is simple, efficient and long lived.

Another object is a machineof the character indicated which involves an operating unit easily and quickly attached to substantially any cutting or boring machine of either the vertical or horizontal type.

Another object is an operating unit which though itself of small size, will efiiciently operate a great range of sizes of such cutting machines.

Still other objects will readily occur to ,those skilled in the art upon reference to the following specification and the accompanying drawings, in which I Figure 1 is a view in elevation of a vertical spindle type of boring machine with the operating unit attached. V

Figure 2- is a longitudinal parti'allysectlonal view of the operating unit upon a somewhat larger scale. I

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a partial sectional view of the driving connection, and

Figure 5 is a section on line 5- -5 of Figure 4. I

Figure 6 is a section online 66 of Figure 1.

Figure 7' is an enlarged sectional view of the zialve means for controlling direction of opera- Figure 8 is an elevation of the valve plunger.

Figure 9 is a central verticalsection of the pressure control means,

Figures 10 and 11 are perspective views of details of the latter.

In the drawings, in Figure 1 is shown a cutting machine of the vertical spindle type having theusual base l supporting a horizontally and vertically movable work table I I, and having the tool carrying spindle l2 rotatably mounted in the upper portion I3 of the machine. Mounted within the supporting portion of the machine are the usual driving means for the spindle l2 and the usual feed means for moving the work:

table automatically. Such machines are usually provided with means for disconnecting the automatic feed or work table moving means and with shafts extending to the outside to permit hand feed when desired, such a hand operable means is indicated by the hand wheel 14 for moving the table forward and backward.

In such machines, there is also provided means for elevating and lowering the work table and such means-is indicated at l as a screw jack,

operable either by power'rneans or by hand from a suitable shaft l6 extending to the outside to which the operating unit is attached.

In making use of such a machine, for the present purpose, a suitable pattern 20 is fixed to 5 the table II, and a block of material 2|, preferably roughly shaped, is also fixed to the table and a suitable cutter 22 fixed in the spindle l2.

' With this arrangement, the automatic vertical feed is disconnected and the hand vertical feed shaft is used in conjunction with the operating unit as indicated above, the longitudinal movement of the table II carrying the work 2| and pattern being caused in the usual manner, and, as the longitudinal movement takes place, the operating unit provides for the-necessary vertical movement of the work to cause the cutter to re-' produce the profile of the pattern on the work piece 2|. With each longitudinal cut, the table may be moved forward and its longitudinal movement reversed either by hand or suitable automatic means. 1

The operation of the operating unit to move the table up or down in accordance with the profile of the pattern will be controlled by a suitable tracer 25 I pending application, Serial No. 82,362, filed May 28th, 1936, and consists of a housing having mounted therein a projecting pointer 30a. capable of slight vertical movement and in such movement assuming a neutral position or moving to one side or the other of the neutral position and therein, completing one or'the other of two electric circuits.

These two circuits include controls in the operating unit and cause the latter to move table 40 I I up or down according to whichever circuit is completed.

The operating unit is shown to the left'of Figure 1 and more in detail in Figure 2. It consists, as shown, of several elements mounted upon a wheeled base 40 which includes -a tank ll, the cover of which serves as atable for the elements now to be described.

As seen best in Figure 2, the elements referred to are, first, a motor-pump unit 42, the motor 43 being directly connected to a pump 44, arranged -to draw liquid, preferably a suitable oil, from tank 4| through conduit 45 and deliver it under high pressure through conduit 16 to VB-IVQhOHS- ing 41. From the valve housing the liquid is either spilled back into tank 4| or forced through conduit 48 to the brake element 49 and through one or the other of conduits and 5| to the hydraulicmotor 52, the particular conduit being determined by the position of the valve in housing 41.

This valve assembly comprises a housing 41 which is generally cylindrical with a vertical axial passage receiving valve 55. The housing. 41 is' preferably of a suitable casting 41a, having a hardened and ground liner 411), with three circumferential chambers 410 formed in the inner wall. These chambers 41c communicate with the conduits 46, 48, 50, and 5lconduits 46 and 48 being connected to the middle chamber 41c and conduits 59 and 5i being connected to the lower and upper chambers respectively.

The valve member 55 is spool shaped as'shown and provided with flanges having their outer peripheries of awidth slightly less than the width of a chamber 410 and so spaced that, when in neutral position as shown in Figure 2, fluid from conduit 46 fiowinginto the middlechamber 41c passes from the valve 55 to both upper and lower chambers 41c and on out of the housing at the top and bottom, without materially raising the pressure in the middle chamber.

When, however, the valve 55 is lifted or lowered or solenoid'connections. In these figures the plunger 55 is shown more in detail and is shown as having the valve flanges 55a and guide flanges 552; with a circumferential channel 55c between each valve flange and its adjacent guide flange. Further, the plunger is bored axially as at 55d, the bore extending entirely through and being open at both ends, is provided with passages 55c connecting the channels 550 with the axial bore 55d. With this construction, when the hydraulic fluid is discharged from either the upper or lower passage 41c, it may flow freely through both ends of passage 55d, and thus there is no unbalanced reaction tending to interfere with the free movement of the plunger. When the valve 55 is moved from its neutral position, for example, lifted, pressure builds up in conduit 49 and acts upon the brake in element 49-to release the latter and allow fluid' entering conduit 5i to flow to' and actuate the hydraulic motor 52 in one direction,

the fluid flowing out of motor 52 through conduit 50 and spilling back into tank 4| from the lower end of housing 41. As soon, however, as the valve 55 is returned to neutral position, pressure drops in conduits 5| and 42 andth'e brake in element 49 immediately stops motor 52.

As will beseen from Figure 2, the valve 55 is supported upon a lever 55 pivoted at its center upon the valve housing 41 and connected at its ends to links 51, each of which in turn is con- ,conductor d.

its neutral position when neither solenoid is energized, a postfill is placed upon the base plate between links 51 and a fiat spring 5| fixed thereon. This spring extends laterally under the armatures of the solenoids and is-so formed as 49h connected to conduit and containing two oppositely acting pistons 497 arranged to thrust against the ends of the brake-shoes and spread them apart to release the brake when the pressure in conduit 48 exceeds that of springs 49c.

The brake device as shownin Figures 2 and 3 maybe modified by omitting the pressure cylinder release means connected through conduit 49 and thebrake operated as a continuously acting friction means.

The drum 49b is shownas-the connecting element between motor 52 and its shaft 52a and the drive shaft 521) connected to the cutting machine. I

In view of the fact that the operating unit is" arranged to be portable, it is desirable to be able to connect it to a cutting machine without the necessity of exact alignment. This is accomplished 'by providing suitable universal joints in the drive shaft between the brake element 49 and the machine. Such an arrangement is shown best in Figures 1, 4 and 5. 1

In these figures the shaft 52b is shown as rather short and connected through a universal joint 65 to another shaft section 95 and this, through -a second universal Joint 51 to a third shaft section 6.8, the latter being mounted in suitable bearings in a gear housing 19 and fixed to a bevel gear 1| acting on'a suitable ring gear 12 keyed to a short shaft 13 and carrying means -14-by means of which it maybe connected'to the proper feed shaft ii of the cutting machine.

The housing 19 is provided with an extension bearing sleeve extending along shaft section 99' in order to take the reaction when torque is applied to the shaft 52b. This sleeve is hinged as at 15 on an axis perpendicular to the axisof shaft 15 and at some distance therefrom.

As mentioned above, the action of the operating unit will be governed by a suitable tracer 59 having three current leads, a, b, c, attached thereto, the lead a, for example, being attached to the one conductor 4! of a three phase wiring system while leads I) and c each'lead to one of the solenoids 58a. The other ends of the windings of solenoids 59a will also be connected to the When, therefore, the main switch is closed. movement of the tracer point lla'in' either direction from a central neutral position will energize the corresponding solenoid 59a and thereby cause actuation of motor 52 .in a corresponding direction. Because of the high pressure developed by the pump 44 when the valve 55 is moved to direct the fluid into eitherof the upper or lower conduits 41c, it is desirable to relieve such pressure temporarily so as to smooth out the operation.

For this purpose the device indicated at is tapped into the high pressure line. This device is a pressure chamber resembling to some extent the pressure chamber used on pulsating pumps, but its action is controlled to render it active only momentarily.

' The construction of the device is shown best in Figures 9 to ll-which show it to consist of a pressure chamber SI, cylindrical in form and bored to receive a piston-92 backed by a strong spring 93.. The lower end of the chamber is closed by a screw plug 94 provided with a drain leading back to the main reservoir any liquid which may leak by the piston.

The upper end of the chamber 9I is closed except for two passages 96 which connect it with a cross passage or chamber I00 into which also opens centrally the fluid inlet IOI connected in suitable fashion to the high pressure line 46. Fixed in the cross passage I00 isa sleeve I02 of the form shown in Figure 11. This is, as shown, provided with a circumferential groove I03 communicating through a, plurality of Ipenings I04 with the axial opening in the sleeve. The sleeve is also beveled at both ends as shown'at' I05 so as not to interfere with the passages 96.

Slidably fitted in the sleeve I02 is a valve member IIO consisting of a plunger, flanged at one end, as at III, to act as a stop and axially bored as at II2 for approximately one-half its length from the other end. This plunger H0 is likewise circumferentially grooved, as at H3, with the groove in communication with the bore II2 through a plurality of openings H4.- The length of the plunger and location of the groove H5 is such that, when the plunger is all the-way in against the stop flange III, the groove is opposite the passages I04 in the sleeve I02, and the groove I03 open to inlet IOI.

One end of cross passage I00 is closed by a regulable valve I20 and the other end by a plug I2I bored and threaded axially to receive an adjusting screw I22 carrying at its inner end a pad I23 between which and the flanged end of a plunger 0 is a suitable spring I24 tending to hold'the plunger in the sleeve against the stop flange III. The outer end of'the axial bore in plug I2I is preferably counterbored and closed by a suitable plu I25.

With this device tapped into the high pressure line, when the pressure builds up in the line due to the movement of the valve plunger 55, fluid starts to flow into chamber 9|,- through inlet IN, the grooves I03 and H3, passage H2, chamber I00 and one of the openings 96. However, a quick flow thus started, out of passage "2 in. plunger IIO produces a reaction on this member,- thrusts it backward against spring I24 and cuts down the flow. By providing openings from chamber 9I to both-ends of the cross passage I00, pressure on the ends of plunger I I0 is equalized and no unbalanced resistance to its movement is present.

The valve I20 is provided for the purpose of further regulating the action of the pressure fluid. When the valve is opened and 'a small proportion of the fluid allowed to flow out through conduit I20a back to the reservoir, the actionof the fluid upon the motor 52 is further retarded.

What I claim is: v

l. A tracer controlled operating unit for a feed screw of a cutting'machine comprising a motor adapted to be continuously operated, a shaft adapted to be operated in either a forward or reverse direction or alternately and connected- 6. In a 'tracer controlled operating unit such to a feed screw, hydraulic power transmission means connecting the motorand shaft and means controlled by said tracer for determining the direction and continuance of said power transmission.. 5

2. A tracer controlled operating unit for a feed screw of a cutting machine comprising a motor adapted to be continuously operated, a fluid pump directly connected thereto, a reversible fluid motor actuable by fluid from said pump, valve means movable to determine the direction of actuation of said fluid motor and containing by-pass means to permit non-operation of the latter, said fluid motor being connected to said feed screw to actuate the same, and tracer controlled means to determine the condition of said valve -means and thereby the actuation and direction of said screw. 7

3. A tracer controlled operating unit for a feed screw 01 a cutting'machine comprising a motor adapted to be continuously operated, a fluid pump directly connected thereto, a revers ible fluid niotor actuable by fluid from said pump, valve means movable to determine the direction of actuation of said fluid motor and containing by-pass means to permit non-operation of the latter,.said fluid motor being connected to said feed screwto actuate the same, and brake means associated with said fluid motor and feed screw.

4. A tracer controlled operating unit for a feed 'screw of a cutting machine comprising a motor adapted to be continuously operated, a fluid pump directly connected thereto, a reversible fluid motor actuable by fluid from said pump, valve means movable to determine the direction of actuation of said fluid motor and containing by-pass means to permit non-operation of the latter, said fluid motor being connected -to said feed screw to actuate the same, and brake means operatively associated with said feed screw and said valve means-and releasable only during actuation of said fluid motor.

5. A tracer controlled operating unit for a feed screw of a cutting machine comprising a motor adapted to be continuously operated, a fluid pump directly connected thereto, a reversible fluid motor actuable by fluid from'said pump, a chambered member into which said pump delivers fluid ,under pressure and from which said fluid is delivered to said fluid motor, valve means in said member movable to any one of the three positions in one of which fluid may exhaust from said member and in the others of which fluid is directed to said fluid motor, a brake releasable by fluid pressure also connected to said member and to which fluid is supplied only when said valve'is in either of' said other positions, and tracer controlled means for moving said valve means.

as set forth in claim 1, means for momentarily relieving the pressure in said transmission means when the controlling means directs shaft operation '7. In a tracer controlled operating unit such as is set. forth in claim 2, means for momentarily relieving the pressure in the pump fluid output when said valve is changed from by-pass condition to shaft operating condition.

8. In a tracer controlledoperating unit'such as is set forth in claim 3, means for momentarily relieving the pressure in the pump fluid output when said valve is changed from by-pass condition to shaft operating condition. v

9. A tracer controlled operating unit for a feed 75 screw of a cutting machine comprising a motor adapted to be continuously operated, a fluid pump'directly connected thereto, a reversible fluid motor actuable by fluid from said pump, valve means movable to determine the direction of actuation of said fluid motor, said fluid motor being connected to said feed screw to actuate the same, and tracer controlled means to determine the condition of said valve means and thereby the actuation and direction of said screw.

. 5 OSCAR E. ROSEN.

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