US2128550A - Anticorrosion process for zinc base castings - Google Patents
Anticorrosion process for zinc base castings Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2128550A US2128550A US655453A US65545333A US2128550A US 2128550 A US2128550 A US 2128550A US 655453 A US655453 A US 655453A US 65545333 A US65545333 A US 65545333A US 2128550 A US2128550 A US 2128550A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- zinc
- metal
- zinc base
- coatings
- anticorrosion process
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 11
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 title description 11
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 8
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 10
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 5
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 4
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- XRBURMNBUVEAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium copper nickel Chemical compound [Cr].[Ni].[Cu] XRBURMNBUVEAKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/24—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing hexavalent chromium compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/34—Pretreatment of metallic surfaces to be electroplated
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/934—Electrical process
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/934—Electrical process
- Y10S428/935—Electroplating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/922—Static electricity metal bleed-off metallic stock
- Y10S428/9335—Product by special process
- Y10S428/936—Chemical deposition, e.g. electroless plating
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T292/00—Closure fasteners
- Y10T292/82—Knobs
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12535—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.] with additional, spatially distinct nonmetal component
- Y10T428/12583—Component contains compound of adjacent metal
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12785—Group IIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12792—Zn-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12806—Refractory [Group IVB, VB, or VIB] metal-base component
- Y10T428/12826—Group VIB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12847—Cr-base component
- Y10T428/12854—Next to Co-, Fe-, or Ni-base component
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
- Y10T428/12493—Composite; i.e., plural, adjacent, spatially distinct metal components [e.g., layers, joint, etc.]
- Y10T428/12771—Transition metal-base component
- Y10T428/12861—Group VIII or IB metal-base component
- Y10T428/12903—Cu-base component
- Y10T428/1291—Next to Co-, Cu-, or Ni-base component
Definitions
- the invention relates to the treatment of'metal surfaces to inhibit or preventcorrosion and is particularly concerned with the treatment of articles composed of alloys having a material con- 5 tent of zinc.
- Zinc-base alloys for this purpose 0 may contain in the neighborhood of four percent of aluminum and generally magnesium to an amount not over one tenth of one percent, with or without a small content of copper, for example three percent, the remainder being substantially zinc.
- Such alloys are highly desirable from the standpoint of fluidity, strength and durability for the casting of many small but relatively complicated parts, such as parts of automobile fittings, coach hardware, etc.
- Electra-deposited coatings are normally somewhat porous and corrosive agencies apparently 0 obtain access to the base metal through the pores of the coating. At any rate, the products of corrosion exude through the electro-plated coating and appear as unsightly spots of white deposit on the surface.
- concentrations of the salts employed and of the acid may be varied within widelimits.
- a bath which has been found satisfactory com-' prises about 100 grams of sodium or potassium.
- 56 cles should be rinsed thoroughly and then dried in air.
- the rinsing may be in ordinary tap water atroom temperature.
- the treatmentdescribed produces on the surface a very thin film which has high corrosionresisting properties and serves toprotect the base 4 metal from attack by atmospheric or like agencies. It also acts toinhibit or prevent intercrystalline corrosion. If the treatment has been applied directly to the base metal, the articles thus treated may be employed without further coatings for uses where decoration orother additional surface finishes are not required. If, however, electrodeposited or like finishes are desired they may be applied after the treatment descri, or the articles may be subjected to the anti-corrosion treatment after the other coatings have been applied.
- a door handle which is cast of a zinc-base alloy of the general character above referred to.
- the handle is coated with successive layers of copper, nickel and chromium, all of which may be applied in the usual manner from electrolytic baths of standard composition.
- electro-deposited metal coatings such as copper-nickel-chromium coatings referred to above, chromium being preferable for the outer portion at least of such metal coating, may be applied by the methods commonly used for electro-plating.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Description
Aug. 30, 1938s J, T ORD 2,128,550
ANTICORROSION PROCESS FOR ZINC BASE CASTINGS Filed Feb. 6-, 1933 ZINC BASE ALLOY COPPIR menu.
Patented Aug. 30, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2.128.550 i I AI'lTICORBOSlON PROCESS FOR. ZINC BASE CASTING I Jay T. Ford, Flint, Mich, assignor, by mesne assignments, to General Motors Corporation, -Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Delaware Application February 6, 1933; Serial No. 655,453
Claims. (Cl. mid-l3) The invention relates to the treatment of'metal surfaces to inhibit or preventcorrosion and is particularly concerned with the treatment of articles composed of alloys having a material con- 5 tent of zinc.
Alloys of this type, generally termed zincbase alloys, are of especial importance in the manufacture of articles by the method knownas die-casting." Zinc-base alloys for this purpose 0 may contain in the neighborhood of four percent of aluminum and generally magnesium to an amount not over one tenth of one percent, with or without a small content of copper, for example three percent, the remainder being substantially zinc. Such alloys are highly desirable from the standpoint of fluidity, strength and durability for the casting of many small but relatively complicated parts, such as parts of automobile fittings, coach hardware, etc. I
One material defect that has been encountered in castings from. zinc-base alloys is their tendency to corrode when exposed to atmospheric or other corrosive agencies. Even the usual metal coatings, such as the copper-nickel-chromium 25 coatings now in general use, are ineffective to prevent attack on the zinc unless great care is taken and unusually heavy coatings applied.
Electra-deposited coatings are normally somewhat porous and corrosive agencies apparently 0 obtain access to the base metal through the pores of the coating. At any rate, the products of corrosion exude through the electro-plated coating and appear as unsightly spots of white deposit on the surface.
I have found that the corrosion of zinc and zinc-base alloys upon exposure to weathering agencies, salt-spray tests, and the like, may be substantially prevented by a chemical treatment of the surfaces which may be appliedeither be- 40 fore or after the application of electrolytic deposits. This chemical treatment comprisessubjecting the surfaces to the action of an acid bath containing a dichromate, preferably of sodium or potassium. I
The concentrations of the salts employed and of the acid may be varied within widelimits. A bath which has been found satisfactory com-' prises about 100 grams of sodium or potassium.
56 cles should be rinsed thoroughly and then dried in air. The rinsing may be in ordinary tap water atroom temperature.
The treatmentdescribed produces on the surface a very thin film which has high corrosionresisting properties and serves toprotect the base 4 metal from attack by atmospheric or like agencies. It also acts toinhibit or prevent intercrystalline corrosion. If the treatment has been applied directly to the base metal, the articles thus treated may be employed without further coatings for uses where decoration orother additional surface finishes are not required. If, however, electrodeposited or like finishes are desired they may be applied after the treatment descri, or the articles may be subjected to the anti-corrosion treatment after the other coatings have been applied.
In the accompanying drawing is shown asan example of the articles to which the invention may be applied, a door handle which is cast of a zinc-base alloy of the general character above referred to. As illustrated, the handle is coated with successive layers of copper, nickel and chromium, all of which may be applied in the usual manner from electrolytic baths of standard composition.
The electro-deposited metal coatings such as copper-nickel-chromium coatings referred to above, chromium being preferable for the outer portion at least of such metal coating, may be applied by the methods commonly used for electro-plating.
I claim: v
l. 'The method of treating articles composed largely of zinc to prevent corrosion of the surface comprising applying to the surface of the article a'combination of coatings, one produced by immersion in' an acidified dichromate solution and one consisting of electro-deposited metal.
2. The method as set-forth in claim 1, the treatment with dichromate solution being applied to the surface subsequent to the deposition of metal thereon.
3. The method as set forth in claim 1, the metal coating consisting of successively deposited layers, the outer one of which is chromium.
4. An article having a relatively large content of zinc and coated with a thin film of the reaction product of an acidified solution of dichromate acting upon the zinc, the surface being also coated with electro-deposlted metal. I
5. An article as set forth in claim 4. the outer portion at least of said metal coating being of chromium.
JAY '1. FORD.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US655453A US2128550A (en) | 1933-02-06 | 1933-02-06 | Anticorrosion process for zinc base castings |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US655453A US2128550A (en) | 1933-02-06 | 1933-02-06 | Anticorrosion process for zinc base castings |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2128550A true US2128550A (en) | 1938-08-30 |
Family
ID=24628947
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US655453A Expired - Lifetime US2128550A (en) | 1933-02-06 | 1933-02-06 | Anticorrosion process for zinc base castings |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2128550A (en) |
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2491837A (en) * | 1948-08-31 | 1949-12-20 | Gen Electric | Manufacture of ice |
| US2768133A (en) * | 1951-08-04 | 1956-10-23 | Lundbye Axel | Plastic articles and method of making same |
| US2796361A (en) * | 1953-04-15 | 1957-06-18 | Poor & Co | Method of making corrosion protected articles |
| US2894885A (en) * | 1945-01-06 | 1959-07-14 | Allen G Gray | Method of applying copper coatings to uranium |
| US3247082A (en) * | 1962-08-07 | 1966-04-19 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of a corrosion resistant coating |
| US3282659A (en) * | 1965-08-24 | 1966-11-01 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Plated zinc base articles and method of making |
| US3345145A (en) * | 1963-03-05 | 1967-10-03 | Philips Corp | Auxiliary member of a composite foil for joining two objects of different coefficients of thermal expansion |
| US3505178A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1970-04-07 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Process of electroplating an article by sequentially passing the same and a platinum coated tungsten anode through a series of different electroplating baths |
| US3664933A (en) * | 1969-06-19 | 1972-05-23 | Udylite Corp | Process for acid copper plating of zinc |
| US4273837A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1981-06-16 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Plated metal article |
| US5700044A (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1997-12-23 | Wartian; George | Door latch operator |
-
1933
- 1933-02-06 US US655453A patent/US2128550A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2894885A (en) * | 1945-01-06 | 1959-07-14 | Allen G Gray | Method of applying copper coatings to uranium |
| US2491837A (en) * | 1948-08-31 | 1949-12-20 | Gen Electric | Manufacture of ice |
| US2768133A (en) * | 1951-08-04 | 1956-10-23 | Lundbye Axel | Plastic articles and method of making same |
| US2796361A (en) * | 1953-04-15 | 1957-06-18 | Poor & Co | Method of making corrosion protected articles |
| US3247082A (en) * | 1962-08-07 | 1966-04-19 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of a corrosion resistant coating |
| US3345145A (en) * | 1963-03-05 | 1967-10-03 | Philips Corp | Auxiliary member of a composite foil for joining two objects of different coefficients of thermal expansion |
| US3282659A (en) * | 1965-08-24 | 1966-11-01 | Westinghouse Electric Corp | Plated zinc base articles and method of making |
| US3505178A (en) * | 1967-05-12 | 1970-04-07 | Engelhard Ind Inc | Process of electroplating an article by sequentially passing the same and a platinum coated tungsten anode through a series of different electroplating baths |
| US3664933A (en) * | 1969-06-19 | 1972-05-23 | Udylite Corp | Process for acid copper plating of zinc |
| US4273837A (en) * | 1975-04-18 | 1981-06-16 | Stauffer Chemical Company | Plated metal article |
| US5700044A (en) * | 1996-09-11 | 1997-12-23 | Wartian; George | Door latch operator |
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