US2119952A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

June 7, 1938. E. o. ENGELs 2,119;952

OIL BURNER Filed July 18, 1935 sadl'olz INVEN'ILOR EUGENE 0321412 ENEEL'J ATTORN EY zle.

Patented June 7, 1938 UNITED .STATES PATENT o Flcs Eugene Oscar Eng: Mich, assignor to Baker Perkins Company, Inc., a corporation of New York Saginaw, Mich,-

Applicaflon July 18, 1935, Serial No.. 31,967

1 Claim.

and inexpensive to construct, and accessible for quick and easy inspection, cleaning or repairs.

The invention by which I have attained these objects'consists primarily of an oil burner hay-' ing a-fuel nozzle to which oil is supplied under pressure and into which the combustion air is drawn by suction in the furnace or combustion chamber. More specifically, it consists of: the

following structure:

A cylindrical burner shell, at its inner end, is

hinged or otherwise removably attached to the outer furnace wall over a port opening into the fire-box or combustion chamber. At the outer end of the burner shell is an air inlet through which air is drawn by induced draft or suction.

in the combustion chamber, and which is provided with a damper or shutter for regulating the The outer end of the shell is provided with a removable cover or shield plate which carries a burner assembly, comprising a fuel pipe fixed to the cover plate and extending axially through the burner shell,

a fuel nozzle at the inner end of the pipe, and behind the fuel nozzle one ormore heiically directed radial vanes fixed to the pipe, and adapted to impart to the air drawn through the shell 9. helically swirling motion as it passes over the burner nozzle.

Also fixed to the fuel pipe are the ignition electrodes or other ignition means which project within the range of the fuel noz- The ignition electrodes and the fuel nozzle are connected outside of the shell by flexible connections'to the sources of current and oil, so that the entire burner assembly is removable as a unit y fromthe-burner shell for cleaning or easy replacement of the parts.

for easy inspection or cleaning of the fuel nozzle and ignition electrodes.

By removing the cover plate fromv the end of the burner shell the entire burner assembly can he slipped from the shell and-made further accessible for easy replacement or repair of any of its elements.

The improved operation of my burner over the oil burners heretofore availablatogether with further "structural 1 featin'es will be the-following specification.

set forth in.

In the accompanying drawing forming a part of this specification, Fig. 1 shows a top plan view partly in section of an oil burner, according to theinvention, installed on an outer wall or door of a furnace combustion chamber. I Fig. 2 is a side elevation. partly broken away, of the burner shell shown in- Fig. 1, showingthe cover plate and attached burner assembly partially withdrawn from the burner shell.

Referring to Fig. 1, a furnace or fire-box i is provided with a port 2 in its outer wall. Fixed to the outer wall and projecting through the port is a cone 3 of known form for directing the incoming air convergently into vthe fuel sprayed from the fuel nozzle. Hinged to the outer furnace wall at 4 is a cylindrical burner shell! normally held in place over the port by a spring latch 6. Shell 5 of the burner is provided at its outer end with an air inlet 1. Slidably fitted within theouter end of the burner shell 5 is a sleeve 8 which is secured in adjusted position by wing nuts 8. A circular baflie plate or shield I0 is secured to theouter, air-inlet end of burner shell 5 by studs H (see Fig. 2) and its inner peripheral face is curved or dished at I! to present a section of a torus to provide a flxed clearance from the end of shell 5 for the free passage of air into the shell.

A fuel pipe i3 passes through a central bore in shield plate I0 and is secured thereto by a nut 14. At the inner end of the fuel pipe is a fuel nozzle I! of known kind, located at or beyond the inner end of the burner shell 5 to project into the cone 3 within port 2 of the furnace wall. A helical air deflector it having a plurality of radially directed vanes is mounted on the fuel pipe l3 behind the nozzle 15. Deflector I 6 imparts a swirling motion to air passing through the burner tube and serves also to space the fuel pipe i3 from the walls of the burner shell 5.

' Ignition electrodes l1 and I8 of known kind are fastened tothe pipe l8 by a clamp l9; Thus the tube l3 carriesthe spray nozzle ii, the air de'- --flector l6, and the ignition electrodes I1 and I l and their associated wires 24 and 25, which as-. sembly is removable from the burner shell] as a unit with'the cover plate lli..- Cylindrical bush- 5 and connected to the electrodes l1 and II by the cables 24 and 25.

The burner described is particularly adapted to the heating of bake ovens in which the combustion chamber is maintained at a-sub-atmospheric pressure, as described in my United States Patent No. 1,857,447, issued May 10, 1932. The combustion air is drawn at high velocity through the intake I at the .outer end of the burner shell 5, is given a rapidly swirling helical rotation'by deflector i8, and at the fuel nozzle ll impinges upon and mixes with the fuel oil sprayed from the nozzle.

My improved burner has the foliowingimportant advantages in operation: After shutter O has once been adjusted to the degree of suction prevailing in a given furnace, so that the proper minimum of excess air is fed to the flame when the combustion chamber is hot. with no adJustments of any kind theproper amount of excess air is automatically provided whenever the burner is started with the furnace cold, to insure prompt ignition and clean initial combustion. This is due to the fact that when the suction fan, injector or other draft inducing means (not shown) is started, it handles cold dense air and consequently produces a higher degree of suction in the furnace and through the burner shell. After the burner has ignited and the combustion chamber has been heated to a point where excess air is no longer desirable, the density of the flue gas handled by the suction fan diminishes, and accordingly the suction and the vol- From the standpoint of easy maintenance and re the improved burner assembly oflers no-'- J e-advantales. As indicated in broken lines in gig. I. the burner shell and the burner assembly. contained therein can be swung as a unit about the hinge 4 away from the port 2 in the furnace wall. so that the fuel nozzle II and the ignition electrodes l1 and II are instantly accessible for inspection and cleaning. Should repair or replacement of any of the parts be necessary. the burner assembly may quickly be removed as a unit from the burner shell 5. Nuts (notshowh) on the studs II are removed, and the cover plate It is drawn away from the burner shell, carrying with it the burner tube IS, the attached air deflector l6, and electrodes i1 and II, as indicated in Fig. 2. Thus all of the opera- .tive elements of the burner are made accessible mediate its ends, said'deflector comprising a plurality of helicaily-directed radial vanes and means for holding said electrodes, whereby said deflector maintains the electrodes and nozzle in operative relation to each other and supports the fuel pipe and nozzle centrally in the tubular shell.

EUGENE OSCAR ENGELS.

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