US2115850A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

May 3, 1938. c R, H D 2,115,850

OIL BURNER Filed June 23, 1936 gwucwm Patented May 3, 1938 UNITED STATES OIL BURNER Clayson R. Hammond, Salem, reg., assignor of fifty-five percent to Herbert E. Foster, Salem,

Oreg.

Application June 23,

7 Claims.

lhis invention relates to oil burners and the like and is particularly adapted to be used in furnaces, boilers, cook stoves, in fact, any place where heat is required.

The primary object of this invention is to introduce hydrogen and oxygen in the form of steam together with the hydrocarbon contained in the low grade fuels, expanding both within a heated chamber prior to expelling the mixture in the form of gas from the burner jets at which time additional secondary air is induced by the flow of the gas from the jets prior to combustion.

Another object of the invention is to provide a burner having no moving parts, but at the 1 same. time completely vaporizing the fuel prior to combustion.

A further object of the invention is to prevent carbonization of the fuel within the burner unit itself.

Another object is to permit rapid, easy and positive starting of the burner when cold.

A further object is to introduce the proper quantity of steam into the gas mixture by injection.

A still further object is to water jacket the fuel nozzle and fuel supply line throughout its length within the fire-box, preventing the fuel supply line and nozzle from carbonizing while delivering fuel to the generating chamber.

Another object is to provide a hot spot that will be equal in temperature over its entire surface.

A still further object is to build the generating chamber of a low heat conducting material, while the delivery pipes to the burner jets are of a rapid heat conducting material.

Referring to the drawing:

Figure 1 is an assembled side view of my new and improved oil burner.

Figure 2 is a sectional plan view taken on line 2-2 of Figure 1, looking in the direction indicated.

Figure 3 is an enlarged sectional view of the generating chamber enclosing the steam and fuel nozzle, with portions broken away for convenience of illustration.

Figure 4 is a sectional view taken on line 4-4 of Figure 2, looking in the direction indicated.

Figure 5 is a sectional view taken on line 5--5 of Figure 2.

Figure 6 is a sectional view of the fuel nozzle having a water jacket surrounding the nozzle and fuel line.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the vaporizing trough removed from the generating chamber.

1936, Serial No. 86,855

Figure 8 is a sectional View of the generating chamber taken on line 8-8 of Figure 3, looking in the direction indicated, illustrating the fuel and steam nozzles.

I n the drawing 5 housing I is made from a material of low heat 15 conductivity while the tubes 3 and 4 throughout their entire length, are of high heat conducting material. The cap 2 has nipples 9 and H! on its outer end and a bell portion ll extending inwardly within the generating chamber I. Bell I2 also is an integral part of the cap 2 and extends 20 in beyond and within the bell H, as best shown in Figure 3. The hollow tube l3 surrounds the fuel line I4 and provides a water space I5 for surrounding the fuel line H clear to the end I6 6 of the nozzle IT. This water jacket is for the purpose of preventing carbon accumulation at the end I! or the nozzle of the fuel line [4. The whole assembly is longitudinally adjustable within the nipple 9 and the inner bell l2 or is adjusted to any position by the stufiing box IS. The fuel line It receives its fuel from the control valve 20 while the water jacket l3 receives a water supply from the valve 2|.

In order to introduce steam within the generat- 35 ing chamber I together with the fuel from the nozzle ll, a boiler 22 is provided. The boiler 22 consists of an outer coil 23 starting with the tube 24 leading from the connection 25 of the water jacket !3. The opposite lead 26 of the outer coil 40 23 terminates in an inner or smaller coil 21, coiled in a downward spiral, terminating in the tube 28 which is packed into the nipple Ill by a suitable connection or stufiing box 29. The nipple H) has a passage 38 terminating in a nozzle 30A for discharging the steam past the' bell l2 and mixing it with the fuel from the nozzle I l. The coils are supported on a plate 2'! carried by rods 28' depending from the cap 2. A vaporizing trough or hot spot is shown at 3| extending along the 50 lower side or bottom of the generating chamber. This trough is made from a high heat conducting material so that the heat is evenly distributed over its entire surface. The heat trough 3| terminates in a cylindrical sleeve 32 which fits 55 snugly within the heat chamber l within the cap 2. The heat chamber and the cylindrical portion 32 fit against the gasket 33 within the cap 2, the whole assembly being locked in position by the cap screw 34. The cap screw is threaded Within the chamber I. The cap 2 has a slot 3'5 providing adjusting means against the gasket 33. The heating trough 3! is an important part of this invention because of its high heat conductivity.

To start the burner, a pan 36 having a suitable wick therein is saturated from the fuel oil which is supplied down through the pipe 3'! from the fuel nozzle ll, supplying heat to the generating chamber. As the heat from the burning fuel in the pan 36 starts the generation of vapor in the generating chamber, a portion of such vapor will flow through the tube 3'! and be ignited from the flame of the burning fuel in the pan 3B for generating steam in the coils of the burner. The amount of water admitted into the boiler will be controlled automatically by the pressure generated within the chamber l and pipes 3 and 4 leading to the burner jets indicated at 40. The main object of this invention is the mixing of the steam from the nozzle 38A with the fuel from the nozzle ll after which this mixture is delivered to the burner jets 46.

Referring to Figure 4, part of the burner jets are directed against the generating chamber. An angle, shown in dotted position by numeral 4| resting on top of the generator, provides a means of controlling the amount of heat applied to the words, the angle iron 4! resting longitudinal upon the top surface of the generator provides a contrel for the amount of heat to be absorbed by the generating chamber. The flames 44 are directed a past one side of the heat chamber, while the flames 45 are directed upward. The flames 42 and 44 may be directed towards the left or reversed as shown in Figure 4, their direction depending upon the type of fire box that the burner is installed in.

Having thus described my invention, I do not wish to be limited to the particular form of construction as my invention is adaptable; to other mechanical embodiments still coming within the scope of the claims to follow.

What is claimed to be new is:

1. An oil burner including a vaporizing cham ber, a cap for one end thereof, a nipple carried by the cap extending inwardly from the end wall of the cap toward and into the vaporizing chamber, a fuel pipe terminating in a nozzle opening into the vaporizing chamber, and a water jacket surrounding the fuel pipe to the point of the nozzle, said water jacket and fuel pipe being adjustable longitudinally of the nipple.

2. An oil burnerv including a vaporizing chamber, a cap for one end thereof, a nipple carried by the cap said nipple extending inwardly from the end wall of the cap, a fuel pipe terminating in a nozzle, a water jacket surrounding the fuel pipe to the point of the nozzle, said water jacket and fuel pipe being longitudinally of the nipple, and a vaporizing trough having an annular portion surrounding the nozzle and nipple and extended longitudinally of the generating chamber as an upwardly opening section, the vaporizing trough being of high heat conductivity.

3. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a cap closing one end thereof, a nipple carried by the cap, a fuel pipe movable longitudinally of the nipple and terminating in a nozzle, a steam inlet passage formed in the cap at one side of the nozzle, a steam generating coil supported by the cap and communicating with the steam inlet, means for admitting water to the coil, and a connection from the generating chamber to and beneath the coil, said connection terminating as a burner to generate steam in the coil.

4. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a cap for one end thereof, a nipple carried by the cap, a steam inlet formed in the cap, a fuel pipe terminating in a nozzle, a water jacket for the fuel pipe, a coil carried by the cap and subj ect to heat from a burner fed from the generating chamber, a communication between the coil and steam inlet, and a communication between the coil and the water jacket about the fuel pipe.

5. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a cap for one end thereof, a nipple carried by the cap, a steam inlet formed in the cap, a fuel pipe terminating in a nozzle, a water jacket for the fuel pipe, a coil carried by the cap and subject to heat from a burner fed from the generating chamber, a communication between the coil and steam inlet, and a communication between the coil and the water jacket about the fuel pipe, said water jacket and fuel pipe being movable as a unit longitudinally of the nipple.

6. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a water jacketed fuel inlet at one end thereof, a steam coil supported by the generating chamber, means for supplying the steam coil from the water jacket of the fuel inlet, a steam inlet leading from the coil to the generating chamber, a vaporizing trough arranged in the generating chamber, and a gas outlet from the trough to a burner terminal arranged for heating the coil.

'7. An oil burner including a generating chamber, a water jacketed fuel inlet at one end thereof, a steam coil supported by the generating chamber, means for supplying the steam coil from the water jacket of the fuel inlet, a steam inlet leading from the coil to the generating chamber, a vaporizing trough arranged in the generating chamber, and a gas outlet from the trough to a burner terminal arranged for heating the coil, the generating chamber being extended to form a lower and an intermediate set of burners disposed beneath the generating chamber, a part of the intermediate set of burners directing the flame toward'the generating chamber and the remaining part of said burners directing the flame laterally of the generating chamber.

CLAYSON R. HAMMOND.

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