US2107792A - Internal combustion motor - Google Patents

Description

Feb; 8,1938. -E. E. HUESIBY 2,107,792

INTERNAL COMBUSTION MOTOR Filed April 18, 1956 INVENTOR.

A'ITORN Patented Feb. 8, 1938 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Application April 18,

4 Claims.

. This invention relates to and has for an object the provision of certain improvements in the cylinders and head of internal combustion motors of the Diesel type by reason of which greater 5 turbulence is created in the combustion chambers than is otherwise possible and, as a conse quence, greater, efliciency.

Usually air and fuel are injected into chambers oifset from the cylinders of an engine and the turbulence in more or less degree is created in such chambers and the mixture of air and fuel is discharged into the cylinders. In such cases there is a substantial loss of efficiency as much .of

the energy is expended against the walls of the l5 inlet chamber rather than against the heads of the pistons. It is an object, therefore, to provide a cylinder and cylinder head arrangement in which the air is compressed in a chamber and passages in the head as the piston approachesits upward limit of operation and is forced outwardly from the head into the compression chamber in a circular or arcuate stream and is mixed with fuel from one or more'injectors positioned adjacent the outlets to said passages.

To this end the upper end of the piston is provided with a concentric extension, or boss which is adapted to project into a corresponding chamber in the head. Thus, when the piston attains its uppermost position in the cylinder the air is forced into that portion above the body of the piston in the cylinder forming a combustion chamber, mixed with fuel from the injectors under great turbulence and the energy generated from compression is expended directly against the piston without material'loss.

' Other objects may appear as the description progresses.

I have shown in the accompanying drawing a preferred form and arrangement of parts necessary to attain the hereinabove named objects of invention, subject, however, to modification within the scope of the appended claims, without departing from the spirit of my invention. In said drawing:

Fig, 1 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of a cylinder, cylinder head, piston and fuel injection 1936, Serial No. 75,139

changes in the usual form of piston and head. As shown in the drawing A is a cylinder block having one or more cylinders B therein, C is a piston reciprocably arranged in said cylinder, D is a head secured to the upper portion of block A and forming a closure for cylinder B, and E, E, are fuel injection nozzles applied to the cylinders B at suitable points.

Piston C is of conventional form except for its upper end 2 which may be conically formed so as to'provide a compression chamber 3 between adjacent surfaces of the piston and head when the piston is moved to its uppermost position in cylinder B, as shown in Fig. 2, and said piston is pro vided with a central boss 4 on its end 2.

Head D has a central chamber 5 of such diameter and depth and so positioned in the head that it will snugly receive the boss 4 on piston C. One or more eccentrically formed arcuate passages of shallow depth as at 6, 6, are formed in head D and afford communication between chamber 5 and compression chamber 3 at points 1, 1, near the wall of cylinder B.

Thus, as piston C moves upwardly in cylinderv B and nears its uppermost extreme of movement the end of boss 4 will enter chamber 5 and the air compressed in said chamber and in the passages 6 will be violently expelled into chamber 3 and as the air is admitted to the compression chamber 3 it is directed in an arcuate or circular stream of great turbulence past the outlets of the fuel injectors E, thereby, as in other cases, thoroughly breaking up the fuel into small globules and mixing the fuel with the air stream which is then under high compression.

Fuel injectors E may be disposed, as shown, horizontally or in inclined positions, depending upon conditions and results desired. The boss 4 on piston C prevents any movement of the air in the compression chamber except in a circular path, and the form and arrangement of parts shown and described herein conduce to simplicity and economy in cost of production and operation.

What I claim, is:

-1'. In an internal combustion motor: a cylinder, a piston therein, a head on said cylinder having a chamber therein, said piston having portions reciprocable in said cylinder and in said chamber, and an eccentric arcuate passage affording communication between said chamber and peripheral points in said cylinder and formed so as to discharge the air expelled from said chamber around the wall of said cylinder in a circular stream.

2.'In an internal combustion motor: a cylinder, a head secured thereto and forming a closure therefor, a piston reciprocable in said cylinder and provided with a concentric extension lets of said passages. 3. In an internal combustion motor: a cylinder;

a piston therein having a reduced extension, a head on said cylinder having a chamber for slidably receiving said extension, an arcuate eccentric passage being formed in said head affording V communication between said chamber and a point in said cylinder near the wall thereof, and fuel injection means adjacent the outlet of said passage into said cylinder. a

4. Inan internal combustion engine, a cylinder, a piston therein having a reduced extension, a maiden said cylinder having a. chamber for slidably receiving saidextension and provided with vanarcuate, laterally extending passage having its inner end opening into said chamber and its outer end opening into said cylinder adjacent the cylindrical wall of the latter.

'ELMER E. HUESBY.

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