US2105782A - Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing material having a high water content, particularly whale flesh - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 18, 1938. v P. FAUTH 2,105,732

I APPARATUS FOR DEHYDRATING OIL: CONTAINING MATERIALS, HAVING LE FLESH A HIGH WATER CONTENT, PARTICULARLY WHA Filed lay 16, 1935 Patented. Jan. 18,1938

APPARATUS TAININ G TED CO FLESH MATERIAL Philipp Lorenz Fauth,

OFFICE HAVING A HIGH WA- PARTICULARLY WI'IALE Wiesbaden-Dotzheim,

nnany, assignor to Gesellscliaft zur Yerwer tung Fauthscher Patents m b. 11., Wiesbaden,

Germany Application May I6, 1935 Serial No. 21,788

' a In Germany May 1;, 194

7 Claims. (o1. svL-iai The present invention relates to apparatus'for dehydrating oil-containing materials, having a high water content, particularly whale flesh.

For carrying out the dehydrating process described in co-pending patent application, Serial No. 721,808, filed April 21, 1934, perforated drums rotating inside of a stationary drum were employed. L

It has now been found that the screens or sieves of the drums become clogged comparatively easily during operation, sothat poor circulation of liquid and unfavorable transfer of heat take place. In the drums hitherto employed, the screen holes or perforations had to be very small, in order as far as possible, to avoid the penetration of flesh, blubber or bone particles therethro'ugh.

Attempts to carry out the process by employ ing a rotating inner conveyor screw, the blades I of which reached as far as the inner surface of 20 the outer drumffailed chiefly owing to the fact that flesh sinews and flesh tendons as well as blubber crusts and relatively large bone splinters became jammed between the blades of the screw and the inner wall of the outer drum and gave rise to continuous disturbances in operation. It has also been found that on dispensing with the, perforated jacket a substantially greater amount of power had to be employed.

According to this invention it has been found that the hereinbefore mentioned diiiiculties may be overcome by combining a rotating perforated drum with a rotating conveyor screw.

Accordingto this invention the rotating iconveyon screw is provided with a longitudinally extending perforated cylindrical sieve wall; which however does not outwardly close the conveyor screw, but is disposed about 100 ms. from the outer edge of the screw blades.- This sieve wallis provided with large holes or perforations, so 40 that the sieve will not become clogged and the circulation will not be disturbed. In this inner drum formed by the sieve wall the main quantity of the flesh, blubber or bones to be boiled remains and only finely comminuted parts, which cannot 46'squeeze under the blades, pass through the sieve wall.- The conveyor screw is divided by this sieve wall into inner and outer conveyor screws. The

outer conveyor screw approaches fairly, closely to the inner surface .of-the outer drum and conveys 50 the finer particles which have passed through the sieve wall to the discharge and of the dehydrating drum. The sieve wall extends only to about 20 cms. from the discharge end of the inner drum and discharging plates which extend to the inner surface of the outer drum and removes paratus,

the material conveyed from the inner and outer conveyor screws into the discharging or delivery screw fixed to the discharge end of the sieve wall. Automatically falling scrapers displaced relatively to one another are mounted on the outer conveyor screw and always keep the heating surfaces clean, so that scorching oi the flesh particles is prevented.

The overflow from the drum is disposed in the middle thereof at the height of the desiredliqiiid level and is provided with screens which are readily exchangeable from outside and are twice scraped on the inner surface by strippers mounted on the conveyor at each rotation of the conveyor.

The perforations in the discharge screen are advantageously conical in shape, the base of the cone being on the outside.

It has been further found that it is very advantageous to manufacture the blades of the conveyor from perforated metal sheets having holes about 10 mmswin diameter, since in this way equalization ofliquid within the drum can easily take place and the passage to the overflow is as free from hindrances as possible. It has also been found thereby that the conveying efllciency of the blades is not detrimentally influenced by these perforations. In the arrangement of the inner drum accordingoto co-pending patent application, Serial No. l21,808, the drum was furthermore divided by a constriction provided therein into a boiling drum and a drainin'g drum. The present invention enables thisconstriction and subdivision of the drum to be dispensed with. In place thereof. a hexagonal draining drum is disposed in front of the delivery screw. It has in fact been further found that substantially more emcient draining thanhitherto is obtained with the aid of a hexagonal drum as aforesaid, which in combination with the outer screw conveyor may be allowed to revolve at ten times the speed of the inner boiling drum. A triangular prism is further disposed on the axle of the draining drum, with-the aid of which a double impact of the conveyed mate-, rial being drained is effected, which constitutes a further improvement of the draining process. I

An embodiment of apparatus according to this invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section through th ap- Fig. 2 is a plan view of the apparatus, vFig. 3 is a cross-section through the outer and inner drums,

. Fig. 5b is a transverse sectional view of a st pp Fig. 6 is an enlarged transverse sectional view illustrating the arrangement of the scrapers.

The main parts of the apparatus consist of the outer drum Lathe inner perforated drum 2, the feed pipe 3, the delivery screw 4 and the drainingdrumj.

The-outer drum l consists of a sheet metal cylinder 6, the two covers I and the outlet hood 8.

The sheet metal cylinder 6 is provided below with a steam jacket 9 for heating purposes. On one side of the sheet metal cylinder 6 there is disposed an overflow l0, discharging into the sluice 32, which is provided with easily exchangeable perforated sieves 33, which are kept clean by two strippers ll.

posed lower down on the sheet metal jacket 6 and four large inspection covers B, in which the sprinklers I4 are mounted, are disposed at the top.

The two covers 'I serve for the reception of the bearings l5 and the drive [6 for the inner drum 2. The outlet hood 8 serves for leading off the vapors.

The inner drum structure consists of the drum framework H, the screw It, the perforated drum l9 and the delivery plates 20.

The conveyor screw blades l8 are manufactured from perforated metal sheets, the perforations in which are about 10 mms. in diameter. This conveyor screw is subdivided by the perforated drum 0 II. which is made of perforated sheet metal having perforations about 5 to Four scrapers 2| (Fig. 6) are loosely mounted in slots in the outer screw it and are displaced rela--' tively to one another along the outer screw over the entire length of the drum. These scrapers automatically move by gravity to and from the drum walls according to their position in the cycle of rotation of the screw IS. The screw 18 of the inner drum terminates about 200 mms. from the discharge end of the inner drum. At this point delivery plates 20 are disposed, which extend to the bottom of the outer jacket and convey the material delivered thereto by the inner and outer screws into the delivery screw 4.

The material under treatment is fed into the 6 mms. in diameter.

. drum 2 through the inlet sluice 3| and the inlet pipe 3 and the delivery. screw 4 conveys the treated material from the boiling drum 2 into the draining drum 5. The draining drum 5 consists of the inner drum 22 and the outer drum 23.

' The inner drum 22 is hexagonal in construction and consists of the drum framework 24, the conveyor screw 35, the perforated jacket 25 made from perforated sheet metal and the triangular prism 21 which extends along the axle of the drum.

The outer drum 231s provided with a discharge connection 28 for the treated material, which connection discharges into the sluice 30 and also with 3. connection 29 for liquid, which discharges i ,into the overflow l0 and is thus closed by the sluice 32. -When operatingunder vacuum, the vacuum zone is accordingly-bounded by the sluices or flow resistances ease and 32.

Two laffge outlet connections l2 serving for the cleaning of the drum are dis- The above described apparatus has proved to be very advantageous for the purposes in question and it offers substantial economic advantages over the 'older apparatus.- Since clogging of the screens or sieves can no longer occur, sub-.-

stantiallymore eflicient circulation of liquid and transfer of heat are obtained, whereby the efiiciency of the apparatus may be substantially increased. In addition to whale flesh, blubber and the like, less bulky flesh material, particularly flesh containing considerable amounts of sinews, as well as skins, and bone flesh may be equally satisfactorily worked up.

The previous division of the inner drum'by the constriction into a boiling drum and draining drum had, moreover, the disadvantage that satisfactory draining could not be effected in the slowly rotating round drum, owing to the too sluggish condition of the material, whereas in the present apparatus, satisfactory draining is effected owing to the separation of the draining drum from the boiling drum andthe greater number of revolutions of the hexagonal discharge drum, with the co-employment of the triangular-prism serving as impact plate.

The apparatus of this invention is not only suitable for boiling 'flesh, blubber and bones, but

may also be extensively employed for other processes, for example, in the extraction of fat-containing materials of every kind with the aid of a solvent.

What I claim is: o 1. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing materials having a high water content including a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket for said boiling drum, a conveyor screw rotatably disposed inside said boiling drum, an inner perforated drum disposed inside said boiling drum, which perforated drum divides the said conveyor screw into an inner screw and an outer screw, means for introducing material to be dehydrated to the. inner perforated drum atone end thereof, and means for removing materialfrom the drum at a point removedfrom said one end.

2. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing materials having a high water content including a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket for said boiling drum, a conveyor screw 'rotatably disforwardly from said plates and having its rearend portion disposed centrally of said plates, the

arrangement being such that, the material transported to said plates by the inner and outer screw is conveyed to the delivery screw by said plates.

3. Apparatus as claimed in claim 1 wherein the conveyor screw is made of perforated metal sheets.

4. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing materials havinga' high water content including a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket forsaid boiling drum, a conveyorscrew rotatably disposed inside said boiling drum, an inner perforated drum disposed inside said boiling drum, which perforated drum divides the said conveyor screw into an inner screw and an outer screw and a plurality off automatically falling scrapers on the outer screw disposed displaced relatively to each other for the purpose of cleaning the inner sur- 7 face of the boiling drum, means for feeding material to be dehydrated to one end of the inner 76 anon-res drum, and means for discharging treated material from the inner drum at a point remote from the feed end.

5. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing removing the treated material from said draining drum, a conduit for removing the liquid which collects from-said draining drum, an axle in said draining drum, a perforated hexagonal drum materials having a high water content including rotatable on said axle and disposed inside said a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket, said outer drum, and screw blades disposed inside said drum having an inspection opening, a cover for exagonal drum. said opening and a sprinkler opening into the 7. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing upper part of the boiling drum, a conveyor screw materials having a high water content including rotatably disposed inside said boiling drum, a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket for said 10 an inner perforated drum disposed inside said boiling drum, aconveyor screw rotatablydisposed boiling drum, which perforated drum divides the inside said boiling drum, aperi'orated drum dissaid conveyor screw into an inner screw and an posed inside said boiling drum, which perforated outer screw, means for feeding material into the drum divides the said conveyor screw into an boiling drum to the inner conveyor at one end of inner screw and an outer screwand a draining 5 said boiling drum, and means for discharging drum connected to said boiling drum. said draintreated material from the boiling drum at a posi-' ing drum comprising an outer drum, a conduit tion remote from the feed end. a for removing the treated material from said 6. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing draining drum, a conduit for removing the liquid materials having a high water content including which collects from said draining drum, an axle 20 a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket for said in said draining drum, a perforated hex agonal boiling drum, a conveyor screw rotatably disposed drum rotatable on said axle and disposed inside inside said boiling drum, a perforated drum dis-, said outer drum, screw blades disposed insiide said posed inside said boiling drum, which perforated hexagonal drum and a triangular prism on said (Seal) drum divides the said conveyor screw into an inner screw and an outer screw, a draining drum connected to said boiling drum, said draining drum comprising an, outer drum, a conduit for CERTIFICATE Patent No, 2,105,782.

PHILIPP LORENZ FAUTH.

axle, said prism serving as anin pact plate for hreaking the material under treatment.

PHIHPP LORENZ FAU'I H.

OF CORRECTION. A f

January 18, 1958 It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1 first "c01umn,'1in,e- 55, for the word "removes" read remove; and second column,

line 5 after "screw" insert are; and that the said Let-ters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record" of the case in the. Patent- Office. 7 I Signed and sealed this 26th da of July, AI. D.' 1958'.

7 Henry' Van Arsdale,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

anon-res drum, and means for discharging treated material from the inner drum at a point remote from the feed end.

5. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing removing the treated material from said draining drum, a conduit for removing the liquid which collects from-said draining drum, an axle in said draining drum, a perforated hexagonal drum materials having a high water content including rotatable on said axle and disposed inside said a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket, said outer drum, and screw blades disposed inside said drum having an inspection opening, a cover for exagonal drum. said opening and a sprinkler opening into the 7. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing upper part of the boiling drum, a conveyor screw materials having a high water content including rotatably disposed inside said boiling drum, a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket for said 10 an inner perforated drum disposed inside said boiling drum, aconveyor screw rotatablydisposed boiling drum, which perforated drum divides the inside said boiling drum, aperi'orated drum dissaid conveyor screw into an inner screw and an posed inside said boiling drum, which perforated outer screw, means for feeding material into the drum divides the said conveyor screw into an boiling drum to the inner conveyor at one end of inner screw and an outer screwand a draining 5 said boiling drum, and means for discharging drum connected to said boiling drum. said draintreated material from the boiling drum at a posi-' ing drum comprising an outer drum, a conduit tion remote from the feed end. a for removing the treated material from said 6. Apparatus for dehydrating oil-containing draining drum, a conduit for removing the liquid materials having a high water content including which collects from said draining drum, an axle 20 a sealed boiling drum, a heating jacket for said in said draining drum, a perforated hex agonal boiling drum, a conveyor screw rotatably disposed drum rotatable on said axle and disposed inside inside said boiling drum, a perforated drum dis-, said outer drum, screw blades disposed insiide said posed inside said boiling drum, which perforated hexagonal drum and a triangular prism on said (Seal) drum divides the said conveyor screw into an inner screw and an outer screw, a draining drum connected to said boiling drum, said draining drum comprising an, outer drum, a conduit for CERTIFICATE Patent No, 2,105,782.

PHILIPP LORENZ FAUTH.

axle, said prism serving as anin pact plate for hreaking the material under treatment.

PHIHPP LORENZ FAU'I H.

OF CORRECTION. A f

January 18, 1958 It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specificationof the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 1 first "c01umn,'1in,e- 55, for the word "removes" read remove; and second column,

line 5 after "screw" insert are; and that the said Let-ters Patent should be read with this correction therein that the same may conform to the record" of the case in the. Patent- Office. 7 I Signed and sealed this 26th da of July, AI. D.' 1958'.

7 Henry' Van Arsdale,

Acting Commissioner of Patents.

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