US2103897A - Reinforcement mesh - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 28, 1931. w. 5. EDGE 2,108,891

REINFORCEMENT MESH Filed Aug. 8; 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Dec. 28, 1937. w. 5. EDGE 2,103,897

REINFORCEMENT MESH Filed Aug. 8, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTORI Patented Dec. 28, 1937 UNI'ZVIED STA-Ties PATENT -o FFicc a V REINFORGEMENT MESH Walters.EdgeQPittsburgh,Pa., assignor-,toPittsburgh ,SteeLfCompany, Pittsburgh, ,I'a.,' ,a cor- ,poraticn ofjPennsylvania v v n lication August 8, 1936,:SeriaLNo. 94385 I [,9 claims. (0132- 119) 1 $5 ;plaster"-bodyfformedthereon will be of greater strength, auve to its "thickness and weight, as comparedto the iormsoistruc'tures heretofore employe another object of invention is-to provide amesh oi such form thatitwfll form a truss for the plaster, of considerable depth in directions perpendicular to the planeofthe structure.- still a-nothe'r object"of-my'invention'is to provide aplaster groundof-generallyimprovedform.

- f In theaccompanying drawings Figuref 'l is a gface view or a'wire fabric and a backing sheet rtherei'or; Fig. Z -is anenla-rged viewtaken ont-he the "line III+II I- of Fig. 1 Fig. -4is 'a view taken {0 11 the lineIV-eIV of Fig; 23' 'Fjg. '5"is a-view similar-to 'Fig. 2, "butshowi-ngthe -plaster' or-'stucco ,applied thereto; Fig. 6 is a face view of another form of plaster ground; Fig. 7 is an enlarged 7 -vie.wtal en on the IineVIL- VII of FignfirFig. 8 is a view'taken on'the jlinQ-VHI-JTIII-Of Fig. 16, and Fig.9: is a face view of still another form of plaster ground. r

Referringfirst-tofigs. l:to '5, the structure includes a sheet of wire mesh orffabric having marginal ;strand wires [0 and intermediate strand wires "I I, to which are welded stay gwires l2 and 7 l3, the wires 1;! and -I3 beingarranged inpairs. "Thewires 10, fl I, 12 and l3-are preferabl y'of low carbon steel (12% carbon orless), in order to secure betterrwelds than is possible with high carbon'wire. QThQ wires HI "and "H are-preferably soft-drawniin Order, that permanent -or set bends or crimps M can be more readily'iormedtherein, andithe-wires I2 and I3 hard-drawn, in order to 5.50 givegreater stiffness to thefstructure. 1

Thestayt wires l 3 are welded in the :bends 14 of the wires l l,--and"the stay wires l- 2-welded to the wires ll atpoints adjacent tofthe bends 14, *thus producing a truss arrangement which is i 5 highlyresistant to pressure -or "bending forces in directions perpendicular to the-plane of thefabe k A backing or form'sheet I 5 is supported-against the'rearside ofthe fabric, by lacing wires i6 which'are preferably high carbon, hard-drawn [315 c wireof semi-spring steel, which will yield somewhat under plastering pressure, 'butwill have sufiicient stiffness 'to' provide adequate support for the paper or other backing sheet 1.5.

"Thebackingsheet'may suitably be of oiled or '1 water-proofed'paper; having a multitude of ,mi-

n ute perforations, :so that it will not absorb l ater readily, :and.still willpermit applied plaster to dry with sufficient rapidity to PIGVGIItTfIQtting of the plaster. The perforations will be so small thatno substantial amount'of plaster will be "forced therethrough; Sincethe paper will not absorb water rapidly from the plaster it will retain its strength during the troweling on of the'plasten with the result that a 6011). :or 20 lb. paper maybeemployed with results equal to :or better than the 200 lb. paper frequently 7 used, thus effectinga great saving in material.

'IhelacingWires- IB lie mainly'behindthe paper, as-shown more clearly in Fig. l,'but arethreaded 25 therethrough at'intervals where they overlie and aresupported by the stay wires I2. Theyi'need notbe welded to the wires l 2, because 'theywill remainin place'because of their'deflection to sinuous form 'andtheir inherent springy character. 3 The-bends l4 maysuitably be of 1% depthand.

the mesh wires '16xgage, while the lacing wires are 18 gage, for most general use. Thewires composing the. mesh can ibe' we'lded in any well-known 'mannen'andthereaiter the 5 V zcrimps or rbends are formed in thestrands t0 nandrl-l, by suitable crimping dies. tCrimps-are formed in the marginal strands l0 alongwlth the ;;crimping of'the wires ll, inorder to avoid distortionof the mesh,.but the crimps of wires I0 40 are thenbent sidewise, to the plane of themesh,

sothat the marginal edges of.adjacent mesh bod- Hiescan beoverlapped, without making thestruc- ,ture too thickatthose points. The overlapping referred. to will ordinarily bedirectly in front of -45 ,the.,studding to which the plaster ground is at- 'tached.

The lacing wires I6 are inserted. by'first de- "flecting outwardly those portions of the paper betwenthe-stay wires l2 and theninserting the 50 lacing -wires as the paper and the mesh are advanced by suitable feeding means.

"When the plaster ground has been securedto.

'st udding or=-other supporting members, the'plas'ter laisapplied-in the'usualmanner, thepaper-sheet being held by the lacing wires l6, against the rear sides of the bends l 4 and intermediate portions of the wires II, with sufficient force to prevent excessive deflection of the paper under plastering pressure. The resistance to rearward deflection is further increased because of the approximate dome shapes given to the paper at points l9 through the tensional force of the lacing wires l6 which pull the paper outwardly at points between adjacent strand wires H and adjacent stay wires I3.

In applying the plaster, the paper will be pushed slightly away from I l and I3, but it will be sprung back by the lacing wires l6 so that there can be a complete imbedment of the wires II and I3, without excessive thickness" of plaster and with consequent saving in plaster and reduction in weight of the structure. ment at [4 and the dome or arch effect above referred to give a completed structure of strength .which is comparable to the strength of other forms wherein the plaster body is much thicker, and there is more complete imbedment of the reinforcing mesh. Not only do the bends [4, together with the wires l2 and [3 form a truss substantially all of which is imbedded in the plaster, but they in effect cause a series of stiffening ribs to be formed on the rear side of. the plaster body.

Referring now to Figs. 6, '7 and 8, I show a structure comprising a wire mesh and backing sheet of substantially the same form as in Figs. 1 to 5, but wherein lacing wires 2| extend parallel to stay wires 22 and 23, instead of transversely thereof, and cross the strand wires 24 at points intermediate their bends 25, thus holding the paper against the wires 23 and 24 and the bends In Fig. 9, I show a wire mesh of somewhat different form in that stay wires 28 are welded to the bottom of bends in strand wires 29 in the same manner that the wires B are welded to the bends M in the strand wires II, but stay wires 30 which correspond to the stay wires [2 are set farther from the wires 28, with the result that while the truss strength is not so great as in Figs. 1 to 8, there is more uniform spacing of the stay wires, and hence better distribution of the wires in the plaster. In this structure the paper sheet 3| is held in place by lacing wires 32 which are disposed mainly behind the paper and are threaded therethrough where they pass over the strand wires 29. 7

It will be understood that sheet material other than paper will sometimes be employed. For example, very-fine woven wire screening or loosely woven textile materials, such as burlap, could be employed.

With further reference to the backing sheet or form sheet, I have found that 60 lb. or 80 lb. paper will be satisfactory when impregnated with lubricating oil, or the like, and that the plaster will adhere well to such paper, particularly if the paper is not too highly calendered; I have found that this paper will not lose strength through absorption of water, as rapidly as untreated paper, but that its ability to pass water by evaporation is not impaired. The theory underlying this result is not entirely clear, but I attribute it to the fact that there is a sufficient porosity in the paper to allow evaporation from the rear side thereof,

. but that the light impregnation of oil renders the individual fibers resistant to absorption of the water, and therefore enables them t0 p e The truss arrangetheir bond in a manner superior to untreated paper of the same weight.

In order to increase the rapidity of evaporation at the rear side of the sheet, I provide in some instances a multitude of small perforations in the sheet, not more than ,4; inch in diameter and preferably less, which will not permit any substantial quantities of plaster to be forced through the sheet.

I claim as my invention:

.1. Fabric structure comprising a mesh composed of strand wires and stay wires secured together at their points of intersection, the strand wires having furring bends formed therein and extending rearwardly of the mesh, a backing sheet disposed against the rear sides of said bends and having portions deflected forwardly through the mesh openings, and lacing members overlying the outer side of the mesh and extending through the said deflected portions of the sheet.

2. Fabric structure comprising a mesh composed of strand wires andstay wires secured together at their points of intersection, the strand wires having furring bends formed therein and extending rearwardly oi' the fabric mesh, a backing sheet disposed against the rear sides of said bends and having portions deflectedforwardly through the mesh openings, and lacing members overlying the outer side of the mesh and extending through the said deflected portions of the sheet, the said lacing members being of resilient material.

3. Fabric structure comprising a mesh composed of strand wires and stay wires secured together at their points of intersection, the strand wires having furring bends formed therein and extending rearwardly of the fabric mesh, a backing sheet disposed against the rear sides of said bends and having portions deflected forwardly through the mesh openings, and lacing members overlying the outerside of the mesh and extending through the said deflected portions of the sheet, thelacing members extending in directions parallel to the stran-dwlres. 4. Aplaster ground structure comprising re inforcing mesh, and a backing sheet therefor, the said sheet being resistant to the absorption of water and having perforations in closely spaced relation and of sufficiently small size to prevent substantial quantities of wet plaster being pushed therethrough, but permitting the passage of water.

5. Fabric structure comprising a mesh formed of a series of wires having furring bends formed therein, and a second series of wires extending transversely of the first-named series, certain wires of the said second series being welded in the apices of said bends, other wires of said series being welded to the first-named series at points intermediate the bends thereof, a backing sheet, and means for holding the said sheet against the rear sides of the bends.

6. Fabric structure comprising laterally-spaced wires having bends formed therein that project rearwardly from the plane of the said wires, means for maintaining the wires in their proper relative positions, a backing sheet disposed against the rear sides of said bends, and means for holding the sheet against the rear sides of the bends and with portions of the sheet deflected forwardly toward the plane of the wires.

'7. Fabric structure comprising laterally-spaced wires having bends formed therein that project rearwardly from the plane of the said wires, means for maintaining the wires in their proper.

relative positions, a backing sheet disposed 7 against the rear sides of said bends, means for holding the sheet against the rear sides of the bends and with portions of the sheet deflected forwardly toward the plane of the wires, and a reinforcing wire extending transversely of the first-named wires and connected thereto at points adjacent to the said "bends.

8. Fabric structure comprising laterally-spacedwires having bends formed therein that project rearwardly from the plane of the said wires,

means for maintaining the wires'in their proper relative positions, a backing sheet disposed reinforcing wire extending transversely of the first-named wires, connected thereto at points adjacent to the said bends and in forwardly spaced relation with respect to said sheet.

7 9. Fabric structure comprising laterally-spaced wires each having bends formed therein that project rearwardly from the plane of the said wires,

the bends in each wire being located in transverse alignment with said bends in the other wires, means for maintaining said wires in their proper relative positions, a backing sheet disposed against the rear sides of said bends, and means for holding the sheet against the'wires with portions of the sheet deflected forwardly toward the plane of the wires between each series of transversely-aligned bends.

WALTER s. EDGE.

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