US2092649A - Automatic choke for guns - Google Patents

Description

sept. 7, 1937.

w. M. JUNG 2,092,649

AUTOMATIC CHOKE FOR GUNS Filed Junds, 193s 2 sheets-sheet 1 '//4 w;`.\.v'//////////// 3 a n l la INVEN-ron IWALTER M. JUNG ATTORNEYS Sept. 7, 1937. W, M JUNG 2,092,649

AUTOMATIC CHOKE FOR GUNS Filed June 6, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR wALTEn M.J Ne

Patented Sept. 7, 1937 am Fri AUTOMATIC cnoxa Fon ctms Y waiter M. Jung, sans centre, Minn. Application :une c. 19st, serial No. 83,946

This invention relates to new and useful improvements in chokes for guns, and more particularly to a choke which is so constructed that it automatically shifts from one position to lanother by the recoil of the gun, when the latter is iired.

An object of the invention is to provide a slmple and inexpensive choke for a gun which may readily be applied to a conventional gun barrel at small cost, whereby the choke of the barrel may be varied, as desired.

A further object is to providean automatic choke for a gun which is adapted to be actuated by the recoil of thegun, whereby .the device will automatically shift from non-choketo choke position, when the gun is initially fired. assuming. of course, that the device has previously been moved to its non-choke position.

Other objects of the invention reside in the simple and-inexpensive construction of the device, whereby it may be manufactured at small cost and is extremely simpleto operate; in the provision oi a novel device adapted to be applied to a gun barrel whereby the first shot iired from the gun will be through an open or non-choke barrel, and succeeding shots will be through a modified or full choke barrel; in the unique construction of the device which comprises a plurality of relatively small elements yloosely mounted in suitable apertures provided in the wall of the gun barrel, and which elements are normally concealed by a. member mounted for relative move@ ment onf the barrel, and which operates to actuate said elements to move Ithem into choke positions within the bore of the gun barrel, when said member is moved in one direction; andfin the provision of a device having means for tempo` rarily retaining it in non-choke position. which retaining means is rendered ineffective to hold said device in non-choke position, when the gun is initially ilred, whereby the device automatically returns to its choke position, so that following shots iired from the gunmay be through a modified or full choke barrel.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description and accompanying drawings and `will be pointed out in the annexed claims.

In the accompanying drawings there has been disclosed a structure designed to carry out the various objects of the invention, but it is to be understood that the linvention is not conned to the exact. lfeatures shown as various changes may be made within the scope of the claims which follow. i

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top view of a portion oi' a gun barrel showing the device mounted thereon;

Figure 2 is an end view oi Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view show- 5 ing the general construction of the device and showing it in non-choke position;

Figure 4 is a cross-sectional -view on the line 4-4 of4 Figure 3; l

Figure 5 is a view similar to Figure 3, but show- 10 y ing the device in choke position;

Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view on the line 6-6 of Figure 5, showing the elements projected into the bore of the barrel;

Figure 7 is a detail View showing the device 15 with the qmovable member detached therefrom;

Figure 8 is a detail sectional view on the line @-3 of Figure 6, showing the spring means for temporarily retaining the movable member in non-choke position;

Figure 9 is aview showing a device of slightly modiiied construction;

Figure 10 is a longitudinal sectional view of the form shown in Figure 9, illustrating the general commotion' thereof;

Figure 11 is a view similar to Figure 10, showing the inwardly movable elements in non-choke position;

Figure 12 is a view similar to`Figure 11, but showing the movable member positioned to inwardly move the elements. whereby their terminals are disposed withinthe bore ot the barrel to provide a choke therefor;

'Figure 13 is a cross-sectional view of Figure 12, showing the elements in operative positions with their terminals projecting into the bore of the barrel.

Figure 14 is a detail sectional view on the line id it of Figure 13,' showing the means provided for holding the movable member in non-choke 40 position;

Figure 15 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified construction wherein spherical elements are supported in apertures in the wall of the barrel, and are adapted to be partially projected .into the bore to provide a choke for the barrel:

and

Figure 18 is a view similar to Figure 1.' showing the device locked in non-choke position.

In the selected embodiment of the invention here shown, there i's illustrated in Figure 1, a portion of a gun barrel, generally indicated by the numeral 2, shown having an enlarged portion 3 which may be formed by suitably securing a cylindrical sleeve to the barrel as. for example. 5f

ter from accumulating within the device, and whereby the device is rendered tantially selicleaning.

'EineA enlarged perdon t is shown provided with aplurality of elongated i.; .u or apertures t which communicate with the bore of the rel forwardly 'withoutf d, as best shown in .i 5. The end am oi the apertures d taper inwardly, whereby the bottoms of said apertures are smaller than their outer or upper portions. A plurality 'or relatively small elements t are supported in the apertures t and are of such size that they cannot pass completely through the restricted` inner ends o the apertures, but whereby they may be projected into the bore of the gun barrel, as clearly illustrated in Figures 5 and 6, thereby to provide a choke for the barrel. vWhen the elements which preferably are disk-like in shape, are positioned as shown in Figures 5 and 6, and the gun is fired, the sealing wad, (not shown), immediately following the charge of shot, will engage the inwardly protruding portion or the elements whereby its forward movement will be temporarily retarded. Such retardation of the g wad will cause the column of shot to be projected materially spreading, as it air, with the result that a ull choke shot pattern is obtravels through relatively small or l Means is providod for temporarily locking or securing the elements in their operative choke positions, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, and consists of a member l, shown mounted for relative sliding movement on the l and concealing the elements t, as Ebest illustrated in Figure 5. One end of.; the member l is bored to dt 'the periphery oi the enlarged portion 8 of the barrel, which thus provides a guide therefor. The opposite end ofthe member l has a portion d bored to ilt the outside diameter of the barrel 2, whereby it is guidingly supported thereon.

'I'he member 1 is counter-bored as shown at t in Figures 3 and 5to receivev a spring il, one end of which is seated against the shoulder i2 provided by the portion 8 of the member 1, and the opposite end of which is shown seated against the adjacentend of the enlarged portion 8. The spring il therefore constantly urges .the member 'i in a left hand direction, when viewed as shown in Figures 3 and 5. thereby to move the member into full choke position. y y

In the formv of the invention, as shown in Figures 1 to 8, inclusive, thebore of the member which ilts the outside diameter of the enlarged portion 3 of the gun barrel, acts as a cam tace to secure or lock the elements d in choke position, ,as is clearly illustrated in LFigure 5. When the member 'I is movedto the position shown in Figure 3, the elements t will be alined with the counter-bore 9. which is oi such diameter that said elements may move outwardly sumciently to clear the bore oi the barrel, as best illustrated in Figure 4, thereby to provide an open barrel,

In some instances, it may be desirable to use a modified choke, and to accomplish this, I have provided an inediate cam surface i3 which, when alined with the elements t, will cause them to be projected only slightly into the bore oi the en thus is' provided.

a usual sight it is shown provided at the end of the el and, in the present instance, has a dual function in that it provides a` sight gauge 5 and alec a stop for the me i of the attachment. A suitable slot or opening, generally india cated by the numeral it, is provided in the wall of the :aber l and for.: an elongated portionl it and a relatively shorter rtion il, separated 10 by an rig:- projecting notched portion it, which has a notch 2d, as bw shown in Figures l d i6. en the member i is in the tion shown inFigure l, it is in non-choke position, but

. when thrust forwardly to the position shown in 15 e 5, wherein the right hand end of the elongated portion d of the slot i5 engages the sight gauge id, the attachment will be in full choke position.-

When it is d red to use a modied choke, the 2o member is slightly rotated upon the gun barrel until the sight gauge id enters the relatively shorter portion i'l oi the slot, or opening it, thereby limiting the forward movement of the member 'i upon the gun barrel so that the inter- 25 mediate cam face or portion i3 of the member` l is alined with the elements thereby to provide a modified choke for the barrel.

Should it be desired to lock the device in open barrel or non-choke position, the member l is 30 rotated to aline the notch 2l) thereof with the sight gauge id, whereby the member 'i is locked against longitudinal movement upon the barrel, and cannot accidentally, change its position when the gun is in use. 35

Means is provided for temporarily locking or securing the member 4'I of the attachment in nonchoke position, and as shown in Figures 3 and 8, comprises a spring-actuated detent it, having one end suitably secured to the member l, and its free end projecting inwardly through an opening A in a wall of the member l, whereby the terminal thereof may be received in a socket 2i provided in the enlarged portion 3 of the barrel, as best illustrated in Figure s. The tension in the detent w i8 is such that it normally assumes the position shown in Figure 8, whereby it is to be noted that the terminal thereof is disengaged from the socket 2l of the portion t. An additional socket 22 is provided in the periphery oi the portion 3, 50 as shown in Figure '1, adapted to receive the terminal of the spring element or detent It, when the member 'i is relatively rotated to cause the sight gauge or stop pin to be received in the portion l1 of the slot l5. An intermediate socket 55 3d may also be provided in the enlarged portion 3 of the barrel adapted to receive the detent it, when the member 'i is positioned in non-choke position, as shown in Figure 16.

In the operation of the attachment, illustrated 60 in Figures 1 to 8, if it is desired to use an open barrel for the iirst or initial shot red from the gun, the member 'i will be moved backwardly against the tension of the spring il, by grasping it with the fingers and at the same time pressing the detent i8 inwardly. When the member l `reaches the tion shown in Figure 3, the termove completely out of the bore of the barrel,

'whereby an open barrel is provided.

the recoil of the gun will relieve the frictional' engagement of the detent il with the front wall of the socket 2i, whereby the tension in the detent i8 will causeit to move outwardly to the' position shown in Figure 8, whereby the spring i I will thrust the member ,1' forwardly upon the gun barrel t'o the position shown in Figure 5. Such movement of the member 1 will automatically change the bore of the gun from an open to a modied oriull choke, without any action on the part'of the person -handling the gun. Follow-- ing shots fired from the barrel will be through a 'Y modified or full choke'barrel; until the member 1* f -is again manually reset.

If it is desired to use a modified choke, the member 1 is rotated to move thesight gauge or stop pin il into the portion i1 of the slot i5, whereby the forward movement of tlie member 1 is limited so that it cannot move into full choke position.

The portion 8 of. the member 1, which fits the outer diameter of the barrel is shown provided with a plurality of air circulatingpassages 23, and suitable aircirculating passages 24 are also shown provided in the wall of the member 1. The circulating passages 23 and 24, and the grooves 4 permit a portion of the gases to circulate through the device, when the gun is fired, thereby pre-- venting foreign matter from accumulating in the device. The exterior of the member 'i is preferably lkriurled as shown in Figure 1 tofaciiitate rotating it.

Figures 9 to i4, inclusive, illustrate a rhodiiedv construction wherein spaced sleeves 25 and 28 are shown .secured to the barrel 2, and have mounted thereon a member 21corresponding to the member 1 in the previous ilgures; The member 2l is shown provided at its front end with a restricted portion 28 which substantially fits the exterior diameter of the barrel and provides a seat for one end of a spring 29, the opposite end of which is seated against the adjacent end of the sleeve d5. A plurality of resilient arms aresecured to the sleeve` 25 and each carries an inwardly projecting pin 32 received in suitable apertures 33 provided in the wall of the barrel 2.

The member 2l is provided with cam faces 36- and 35, as best shown in Figures l and 12. When the cam surface 34 engages the free ends of the arms 3i, the elements 32 are thrust inwardly through the apertures 33 to full choke position', as clearly illustrated. in Figures 12 and 13. When thus positioned, the sight gauge or pin it will be in engagement with the opposite end of the slot i6, shown in Figure 9, in a manner similar to that shown and described with reference to Figures l to 8,

When the member 21 is rotated to cause the sight gauge or stop pin i6 to enter the relatively shorter slot i1V of the opening i5, theintermediate cam face te will engage the ends of the arms 3i and thereby only partially inwardly move the pins 321, whereby the gun isV provided with a. modified choke. When theI member 21 is in the position shown in Figures l0 and 1l, the resilient arms 3i are released sumciently to permit them to move the pins -32 completely out of the bore of the barrel, whereby an open barrel is provided. y

A detent i8. similar to the one shown in Figure 8, is secured to the member 21 and is adapted to temporarily hold the member 21 in either full or device modied, choke position until the gun is initially iired. When the gun is initially fired, the detent will move to its normal inoperative position, shown in Figure 14,'whereby the member 21 is released andy automatically moves or shifts from a modied or open barrel position to the full choke position shown in Figuren. It will 'thus be seen that the operation of the attachment shown in Figures 9 to 14, inclusive, is similar to that described with reference to Figures 1 Figure 15 illustrates another construction in which spherical elements 3l are utilized in lieu of the disk-like elements and pins 32, shown in the previous figures'. The operation of the form shown in Figure 15 is substantlallyrthe sameas described with reference to the previous ilgures.

'I'he novel choke attachment herein disclosed, has proven very satisfactory and emcient in operation. When hunting small game, it is desirable in most cases to use an open barrel for the ilrst shot, as when ilushing apheasant or some other upland game, because of the relatively short distance. If necessary to re a second shot, it is'usually desirable to use aV choked barrel because of the relatively greater distance the charge must carry to hit its mark. As lhereinbeiore stated. by the use oi' this novel device, the bore of the gun is automatically changed from open to full or modiiedchoke, when the gun is initially tlred,-dependlng upon the pre-setting of the member 1, as the recoil ofthe gun automatically `effects the release of the device from its non- -set for an open barrel, in which position it is retained until the next following shot, which will. again-eifect the automatic shifting of the -device fromopen to modified .or full choke position.

The attachment is comparatively simple and inexpensive to manufacture and may readily be applied to conventional guns at small cost. It is very compact and does not mar the appearance of the gun. and is so constructed that the elements will have no e'ect upon the operation thereof. If desired, means not shown, may be provided for locking the attachment in open barrel position, whereby each shot fired from the gun will be through an open barrel. In most cases. however, I have found it desirable to use an open barrel for the ilrst shot and either a modified or full choke for succeeding shots. The attachment is so constructed that it may readily be adjusted to provide the choke best suited for each individual gun.

While 'I have herein shown the novel choke permanently xed to the gun barrel, it is tobe understood that it may be made independently of the barrel and removably secured thereto in the form of an attachment.

I claim as my invention:

, 1. A choke for a gun comprising means movable into and out of the bore of the gun barrel for varying the choke thereof, a member mounted for relative movement on the barrel and adapted to relatively adjust said choke varying means, means for retaining said member in adiusted position, and means, whereby the recoil of the gun will render said retaining means ineffective and permit said memberto change from one position to another.

2. A choke for a gun comprising means movable into and out of the bore'of the gun barrel for varyrel, thereby, to

ing the choke thereof, a m relative movement orr'the barrel and 1:1' relatively shift said choke f i means open to choke position, me ior`noy retaining said mem in open pontion, d means whereby the recoil oi the gun will render said retaining means ineective and g .fm t the member to shift to choke position.

3. 'A choke for a gun comprising means movable into and out of the bore or the sun im; forA varying the choke thereof, a member mounted for relative movement on the barrel and ada.- ito shift said choke varying means from one position to another, a spring-actuated detent normal- VYl 1y retaining the member in a predetermined posi'- tion, and means whereby the recoil oi the gun will render said detent ineffective and permit the member to automatically shift fr one position to another when the is nred.

e. A choke for a l comprising a plurality of elements mov le into and out oi the bore oi the gun bei for vg the choke thereof, a member mounted for relative movement on the b and operatively with said elements, a spring constantly ur the member into choke position, means for holding the member in non-choke tion, and ms whereby said holding means is rendered ineffective to hold said member, when the gun is ilred, whereby the spring will move the member to a modied or full choke tion. 5. A choke for a barrel comprising a plurality of elements movable into and .out of the bore of the gun barrel for varying the choke thereof, a member mounted for relative sliding movement on the barrel in a direction lengthwise thereof, said member being operatively associated with said elements, means for normally holding the member in a position to provide a non-choke barrel, and means whereby said holding means is rendered ineiective to hold said member, when the gun is fired, whereby the member is automatically moved from 'a non-choke to a, choke position.

6. A choke for a gun barrel comprising a plurality of elements movable into and out of the bore of the gun barrel lor varying the choke thereof, a member mounted for relative movement on the barrel and conceali said elements, said mer being operatively associated with said elements, a spring-actuated detent on said me ensageable with means ed on the barhold the 1.-, r in non-choke position, and means whereby the tension in said detent will render the detent ineective to hold said member, when the gun is tired. and whereby the member is automatically moved from a nonchoke to a choke position.

7. An automatic choke for a gun barrel comprising a member mounted for relative movement on the barrel, said barrel having a plurality of apertures inthe wall thereof, elements loosely supported in said apertures-and adapted to be partially projected therethrough into the bore of the barrel to provide a choke therefor, means on said member `adapted to engage and inwardly move 'said elements, when the member is moved in one direction, and means for temporarily holding said into the bore oi the rrel. l

adapted to engage and inwardly move said elements, whenthe member is movedin one direction, and means `for holding said member in nous-choke position, said means being rendered inoperative by the recoil of the gun, whereby the barrel is automatically changed from an open to a modiiied or full choke.

9. A choke for a gun barrel comprising an enlarged portion on the barrel having a plurality 0i apertures in the wall thereof communicating with the bore of the barrel, a plurality ofelements loosely supported in said apertures, a member fitting over saldenlarged portion and relatively movable thereon to actuate said elements, a spring constantly urging said member into a choke position, and a detent for holding said mem-W ber in non-choke position, said detent being adapted to release the member, when the gun is iired, whereby the member is automatically shifted to choke position.

10. A choke for a gun barrel comprising an enlarged portion on the barrel having a plurality of apertures in the wall thereof, a plurality of elements loosely supported in said apertures, a member tting over said enlarged portion and relatively movable thereon, said member having a cam face adapted to actuate said elements, when moved in one direction, thereby to partially project said elements into the bore of the barrel to provide a choke therefor, a spring constantly urging said m'ember in a direction to force said elements into the bore of the barrel, and resilient means manually operable to secure the member in non-choke position, said resilient means automatically becoming eiective to retain said member in non-choke position, when the gun is tired, whereby said member is automatically moved into choke position.

il. A choke for a gun barrel comprising an enlargement on the barrel having a plurality of elongated apertures therein communicating with 4the bore of the gun, disk-like elements loosely supported in said apertures, a member movably fitted over said enlargement and concealing the disk-like elements supported therein, said member having a cam face adapted to engage and move said elements into operative positions within the bore of the barrel, thereby to provide a choke for the gun, a spring constantly urging said member into choke position, and a spring-actuated detent carried by said member and adapted to secure it in non-choke position, said springactuated detent being adapted to release said member, when the gun is ilred, whereby it will automatically move intov a choke position.

l2. A choke for a gun comprising a plurality of resilient arms ilxed to the barrel` and having projections thereon received in apertures provided in the wall of the barrel, said arms tending normally to support said projections in non-choke position, a member fitting over and concealing said arms and having means, adapted to engage said arms and move them inwardly, when said member is relatively moved in one direction on the barrel, whereby said projections are extended into the bore of the barrel to provide a choke therefor.

13. A choke for a gun lcomprising a plurality of resilient arms disposed lengthwise of the barrel and each carrying an element, said barrel having a plurality of apertures in the wall thereof through which said elements may be projected into the bore of the barrel, a member fitting over and concealing said arms, a spring constantly urging said member in a direction to actuate said 092,649 .arms and move the elements into the bore of the barrel, thereby to provide achoke therefor, and means for temporarily locking said member in non-choke position and adapted, by the recoil of the gun, to automatically release said member and permit it to return to a choke position.

14. A- choke for a gun comprising a plurality of resilient arms disposed lengthwise of the barrel and each carryingv an element, said barrel having a plurality of apertures in the Wall thereof through which said elements may be projected into the bore of the barrel, a member tted over and concealing said arms, a spring constantly urging said member in a direction to move said arms inwardly, whereby the elements carried thereby are projected into the bore of the barrel to provide a choke therefor, and means for locking said member in non-choke position, comprising a spring-actuated detent secured to the member and adapted to be moved into engagement with means on the barrel, thereby to secure the member in non-choke position.

15. A choke for a gun comprising a plurality of elements adapted to be projected through apertures in the wall of the barrel to provide a choke thereor, spring means normally urging said elements into non-choke position, a member tted onto the barrel for actuating said elements, a spring constantly urging-said member into choke position, and means for locking said member in non-choke position, comprising a detent adapted to be manually moved in one direction to secure the member in nonfchoke position and adapted, upon ring of the gun, to release said member and permit it to return to a choke position.

` WALTER, M. JUNG.

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