US2080610A - Combination blow-out preventer, casing head construction - Google Patents

Description

y 1937- G. A. HUMASON 2,080,610

COMBINATION BLOW-OUT PREVENTER, CASING IEAD CONSTRUCTION Filed May 6, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Granville A. Humason INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS.

y 1937- G. A. HUMASON 2,080,610

COMBINATION BLOW-OUT PREVENTER, CASING HEAD CONSTRUCTION Filed May 6, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Granville A.Humason INVENTOR.

ATTORNEYS May 18, 1937. e. A. HUMASON COMBINATION BLOW-OUT PREVENTER, CASING HEAD CONSTRUCTION Filed May 6, 1.935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Granville A H um aadn INVENTOR. f Ig 1U- fld flfl fwmwk ATTORNEYS.

Patented.May 5, 1931 I 2,080,610

UNITED STATES PATENT oFncE coMBnvA'rioN BLOW-OUT PREVENTER, oasme HEAD CONSTRUCTION Granville A. Humason, Houston, Tex.

Application May 6, 1935, .Serial No. 19,920

5 Claims. (01.166-15) My; invention relates to well apparatus, and being seated and. latched in position by the more Especially to apparatus of the control head latching means 22, and the tubing being closed, type adapted for use in connection with oil and/orby the member 23. other types of wells. The invention is equally The casing 20' is shown with a collar 24 fastened 5 applicable to means for connecting concentric in screw threaded engagement to the casing at ,5 and/or continuous tubular members of the same 25. This latter member isshown with a tube or difierent diameter. 1 connection 26 thread'dly engaged at 21 to a Among the objects of my invention may b suitable port 29. The drawing illustrates a pinmentioned the elimination of .the customary rality of these tubesand ports, although it is Christmas tree, the avoidance of exterior valve obvious that there may be more or'less in num- 10 and pipe appendages, economy of manufacture, ber,- and it is also contemplated that the ports simplicity of construction and use, effective inmay be dispensed with entirely, leaving this memtemal intercommunication of parts, effective inher as a solid collar instead of being of the type .terior by-passing by exteriorly controlled means, shown. Mounted upon the ring or collar 24 is -p ss m ans efiective at either extreme 'posia second ring or collar member 29, and upon this 1 tion, remotely controlled releasing means, relatter member is mounted a latch ring 30. The motely controlled fire extinguishing means, comfirst mentioned ring is the fire extinguishing binations of the foregoing, and other advantages ring, being intended to normally carry fire expointed out in the subjoined specification. tinguishing connections arrangedfor remote I have attained the foregoing and other obcontrol. The fire extinguishing ring preferably 20 jects by means of a control head having a byreceives one or more pipes 3| connecting with an passing means. annularpassage 32, which latter passageway may Further objects and advantages of my invenobviously be varied in-accor'dance with the extion will be more readily ascertainable from a igencies of the situation. The annular passage 25 reading of the subjoined specification in connecis vented at aplurality of points by means of 25 tion with the accompanying drawings wherein ports 33 and 34, the former of which are adapted like parts are represented by the same numbers to vent the fire extinguishing passageways about 'inthe various figures, and in which Fig. 1 is an the ring, whereas the latter are arranged to vent elevation of one form of construction utilized in a substantially annular zone about the flange of my invention shown partly in section; Fig. 2 is a suitable packing or casing head member 40. The 30 similar elevational view partly in section showing pipes 3! are naturally associated with any other further details of the by-pass means; Fig. 3 is a connection for purposes of fire prevention or vertical elevation in partial section substantially extinguishing such as water, live steam, chemiat right angles to the position of Fig. 1 by way of cals, etc. Y 35 rearrangement; Fig. 4 is similar to Fig. 1 showing The'ring 29 is provided with two annular,- or 35 a variation in the packing assembly; Figs. 5 and "substantially annular, flanges 35 and 36, the for- 6 show detail enlargements of the construction mer, being'arranged for bolted engagement by of Fig. 4, and/or other figures; Fig. 7 illustrates means of the bolts and studs 31, to the latching a variation in the arrangement of Fig. 1; Fig. 8 ring 30; and the latter by way of the bolts or illustrates the manner in which the valve may be studs 38 to the flange 39 of collar 24. These two 40 seated at the opposite extremity of its motion; members 24 and 29 may be made as a unitary and Figs. 9 and 10 are transverse plan views onmember 59 as in Fig. '7, or as in Fig. 1 having the respective lines 99 and Ill-l0 in Fig. v1. a suitable gasket 4| fitting in annular grooves Various figures in the drawings illustrate the 42 and 43 in each of the members. Ring 29 in 45 parts assembled in relation to a casing head and either case has a tapered inner surface 44. V tubing, although this is not to be construed by The latch ring 30 is securely fastenedon the way of limitation, but merely by way of illustratop of the ring 29' and carriesa plurality of' tion as showing a preferred manner of using the latches 22. In the form illustrated these latches invention. have extensions or shafts 45 with suitable means Con d t drawings in greater de a the 46 at one end for securement to means capable parts are shown assembled in Fig. 1 having a suitof operating the latchfrom a distance. Between able collar and other elements fastened to the the latch per se and the shaft 45 is carried a top of the casing Zlland a suitable casing head collar 41. The latches are mounted in a pluor blow out preventer fastened to the top of "the 'rality of suitable compartments 48 with the latch tubing or tubular member 2|, the various par s projecting through the inner surface 49, and 55 v this inner wall. Those compartments are positioned interiorly or a plurality of protuberances 51. These protuberances are shown as four in number but there will naturally be two or more oi these members commensurate with the size of the casingand tubing which are being connected. The latching parts are retained in these housings I. by screw threaded discs 52.

The detail description just completed describes the parts of the device or system which are mounted on the casing head including the fire prevention and latching means, etc. either when composed 01! a plurality of units as in Fig. l, or as a smaller number of wits as illustratedin Those parts which are moimted upon or seowed to the tubing 2| will now be described. The combination packing, blow out preventer and by-pass etc. 40 is illustrated in screw threaded engagement 53 with the tubing 2|. The control head ll for the purpose of sealing oil the tubing may have a section 01' tubing or pin member 54, which is threaded at its upper and lower ends 55 and 56, respectively, the latter being in engagement with the control head and the upper end being in engagement with the valve member 23.

The member or ring ll has a central opening 52 which provides a continuous eway between the pin 54 and the tubing 2|. The outer periphery of the ring has a tapered surface 59 which rides on the surface 44 of the annulus 29.

Theupper part of the ring ll has an annularly extending oil-set 62 which fits lmder' the latches 22 when the control head is dropped'in place,

thus securely engaging or interconnecting the parts. For the purpose of sealing the two members and providing additional sealing action it leakage should occur between them, theannular seal 6| is carried in a groove 62 oithe control head. It is split at its lower end so that the ports are one or more in number depending upon the "p'ressuresand/ or quantities of fluid, etc.

which must he effectually byiifuse. In the construction illustrated four such passageways are provided and a valve system is arranged to seal the passageways and to be controlled from the exterior of the control head or casing head. These valves are illustrated in one form of construction. It will be readily understood, however, that various arrangements may be used. Fig. 1 shows the valve in aclomd position and Fig. 2 shows the same valve in open position.

Fig. 8 shows the upper part of the valve illusin the control head, and, ii for any reason it shouldbedesirabletoremoveoneoitheseva m 1 and connect up a'piping system its way at 68, this can be readily accomplished.

The valve shown in Fig. lis a composite strucmember 69 by screw threaded engagement H 01' the latter member with the shoulder 12 o! the upper rod I3, which member has a shoulder 14 at its upper end. This latter shoulder is engaged by and free to turn in a shoulder opening 1' which is a composite opening interiorly-ot the two split members I6 and I1, which together comprise the means for controlling the valve, 'which extends exteriorly of the casing head. These members preferably form either a square or hexagon head portion as at "I8 to receive a suitable wrench, and are screw threaded at I! to engage the threads I at the upper end of the passageway 61. The lower end of this valve mechanism carries a valve seat which is replaceable, having a sealing gasket ti and a, nut l2 retaining the parts in assembled relation.- Adjacent the valve seat may be a fluted portion 83 to break up the flow of fluid through the vvalve. a The valve seat in the control head comprises upper and lower tapered seats M and use. that the valve may be seated in its upper position as seen in Fig. 1,;and may be open as in Fig. 2. or seated in its lower position as in Fig. ,8.

The control means 22 provides a valve of siinilar construction to that-in the casing head, and

may be'arranged to be interchangeable. In this instance, however, the opening and closing of the valve is effected by the cap member 88 which is screw-threaded to the valve body at 81. The lower portion of the valve is con'structed the same as illustrated in Fig. 1, comprising a nut ll, gaset 89, valve 90, rod 9|, gasket 92 and pin member "bolted at 94 to the cap 86; The valve is shown as connected to two pipe sections 95 and 96. I I

The operation of the system thus far described is readily apparent. The casing 20 may be tapped as at 2! by a plurality'oi passages connected with suitable pipes or tubing 26. These members, however, may be entirely omitted and the collar 24 be a solid member. The tubing 2| may be tapped by way of the valve 22 to the pipes 95 and 96, or may be sealed off. The casing 20 may be by-passed into the tubing 2| by means of the valves 61 or the tubing may be by-passedby means of these valves into the casing. The control head 40 can be assembled with the tubing in secured relation thereto and very quickly dropped into'position and latched to theparts of the casing head. If it is desired to remove the parts the latches may be released and the tubing withdrawn by the derrickorstructure above the derrick floor.

If the well head should become ignited for any reason whatsoever, the pipes 3| are immediately connected to fire-extinguishing means, and by way of ports 32 and 34 an intensive application of fire extinguishing mediums is immediately applied to the well head. This provides a means for eiji'ectively blanketing a fire before it reaches any dangerous proportions.

The'control head of Fig. 1 may under certain circumstances be varied. In Fig. 3 the fire extinguisher ring 29 is shown with respect to a variation in the structure. In this case the tubing 2| and the pin 54 are interconnected by packing 92. This member has a central passageway 99, and is threaded at I and IN. similarly to the control head 40. The tapered wall I02 and the gasket I03 are similar to the construction in Fig. 1. In this construction the valves may-or may, not be omitted. However, instead of the latch ring 30, a collar I04 is secured to the fire extinguisher ring 29 by a plurality of bolts I05. The collar has an undercut portion I06 which engages the packing 98, and has a second undercut portion I01 carrying a gasket I08 which seals the collar and packing together. The fire extinguishing arrangement is the same as previously used. This construction is more adaptable to what may be termed a more permanent arrangement wherein it is not anticipated that the parts will be put together and taken apart very often.

In Fig. 4 the fire extinguishing ring 29 and the latch collar 30 are assembled, and are shown as receiving a sealing packing allowing the tubing I09 with its tool joint IIO to rest upon the packing member III. This packing member is shown as constructed of a rubber seal II2 which seals against the tapered portion 44 of the fire extinguisher collar 29, and also sealing at II3 against the tubing. This packing III may be composed of three rings, the upper ring III, the sealing ring II 2, and the bottom ring H4. The parts being secured together by pins H5 and bolts II6. The bolts II6 may be'secured cumstances, so that it may berapidly assembledto' the parts. When so constructed the component parts are pivotally constructed as-at III and H8 with the tool joint in the same relation as in Fig. 4. In this instance, however, the

sealing member H9 is a split member insteadof an annulus.

Additionally, to fasten the split member together a latch I20 is utilized. The latch illustrated may take various forms, but as shown the two parts I2I and I22 of the packing have a dove-tailed slot I23 in which the dove-tail latch member I23 slides. When this member is latched into position the'parts are eflectively locked together as clearly seen in Fig. 6.

In Fig. 7 the fire extinguisher head and casing head are made integral as the member 50, which is screw-threaded at I24 to the casing 20, and screw-threaded at I25 to the latch ring I30. The tubing I09 and tooljoint IIO are shown sealed to the casing head. The fire extinguishing pipes I3I, passageway I32 and ports l33 and I34 are .as previously constructed. The by-pass member I26, if used, is assembled as previously described by the screw threads I2I to the ports I28.'

In Fig. 8 the valve as shown in Figs. 1 and 2 is seated in the opposite extremity of its movement from that shown in Fig. 1. The pin I29 and the tubing I35 are fastened to the control head I36, the control head having similar passageways 865, 861 and 866. The latch ring, fire extinguish" ing ring and easing head collar are fastened together, and'are composed of similar component parts as in Fig. 1, with the exception that the bolted engagement is by way of what may be termed true flanges I36 and I31 and I38 and I39 by bolts I40 and I. ence in the valve per se residing in the provision of the upper valve seat 880 corresponding tothe lower valve seat 08I which is similar to the construction shown in Fig. 1. This upper valve is shown seated on the valve seat 884. J V

Fig. 9 is a plan view on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1 showing the ring 30 with the various latch, containing protuberancs 51, the pin 54, the control valves and the control head 40 latched in place. Fig. is a section on the line I 0-I0 of Fig. 1

, showing the fire extinguishing ring 29 with fire extinguishing ports 33 and 34, packing 6I control head 40, valve stem 69 in the passages 61.

The one structural difier- The sealing head or packing in Fig. '7 is the member I40 which has a tapered surface I44 to seat upon the corresponding surface of the fire extinguisher of thecasing head 50 with a sealing ring 16 I. In this construction, however, the blow out preventer or packing may be arranged to seal the tubing by way of the casing pressure or some external pressure means. The rubber member I I 0 abuts the tubing I 09 and allows the tubing to slide through it and effectually seals the tubing in the well. An external source of pressure III connects with the annular channel member II2 which is locked to the ring 140 by an annular member1l3 into an annulus I6I or a. split rlng or other means 1 by the screw-threaded arrangement I I4. A spacing annulus H5 is arranged to space the upper and lower parts of thesealing members II 0 and "1, respectively. The pressure supply III is in communication with the' annular passageway of the pressure chamber I by tube I2I. If the casing pressure exceeds the external pressure, the passageway 123 is placed in communication with the passage I20 by the ball valve130. In either instance the sealing .member "0 is held against the tubing. j I

The corresponding members of the various figures of the drawings are similarly numbered.

Modifications of the parts shown and described.

which come within the true spirit and scope of my invention are aimed to be covered in the hereto appended claims.

Iclaim:

1. The combination of a casing, a tubing, '9. 7 control head on the tubing, means on the casing control head, and a valve movable in either direction to close said bypass means.

3. The combination of a casing, a tubing, a control head on the tubing, means on the casing to engage the control head, means to bypass the' tubing to the casing or vice versa, anda doubletubing to the casing or vice versa, and a double-. seating-valve adapted to be moved in one direc- U I tion to seat when the higher pressure isirr the 4 1, 0,000,010 casing 0nd to be moved in the other direction to tobemovedinonedirec saidvalveheingopm-nbiemmoutsidethecontrol I 5; The combination of a. casing. a a head. amino-king means on the valve to prevent control head on the tubing, means on the casing leakage of pressure to the outside-0t the control to'engage the control head, means to bypass the head. tubing to the casing or vice versa, and a doubleseat when the higher pressure is in the tubing, tion to seat when the higher pressure is in the saidvalveandits seatsbeingsoarrangedthat casingandtobemovedintheotherdirectionto the higher pressure will always tend to hold the seat when the higher pressure is in the tubing, 5 valve against its seat.-

GRANVIILELHUHABON.

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