US2077532A - Loom - Google Patents

Description

April 20, 1937. w. F. ROSSITER LOOM Filed April 29, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet l Y RT/ WE 05 M TS m T W M l E April 20, 1937. w. F. ROSSITER LOOM Filed April 29, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR, WAYNE F ROSS/TEE.

' I H) I I 30 invention herein described, asvarious forms may There is very little o $10058 among the three 30 Patented Apr. 20, 1937 v 2,077,532

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE LOOM Wayne F. Rossiter, San Francisco, Calif., assignor to Independent Press Room Inc., San Francisco, Calif., a corporation of California Application April 29,1935, Serial No. 18,710

2 Claims. (Cl. 139-55) My invention relates to looms, and more par ferred embodiment of the loom of my invention, ticularly,.to a loom formed from sheet material strung up and having thereon a fabric partly and adapted for the production of woven fabric woven.

suitable for small bags, purses, ties and like arti- Figures 2, 3 and 4 are various modifications 5 cles, where a woven fabric of relatively small showing how the warp threads may be attached 5 size is desired. adjacent the ends of the loom frame.

Among the objects of my invention are: To Figure 5 is a side view showing how the foldprovide a loom frame, shuttle and harness of ing harness may be positioned fiat and parallel sheet material; to provide such a loom wherein to the frame.

all the above named parts may be die-cut from Figures Band 7 show the two motions used 10 sheet material by machine; to provide a cardto form a shed in weaving. board loom; to provide a loom having a harness Figure 8 is a partial view in plan of a loom formed from a single piece of sheet material opframe having a printed figure thereon. erable by hand to form ashecl; to provide a loom Referring directly to Figure 1, a loom frame which can be produced in quantity on modern i is provided, preferably of cardboard of such a 15 die-cutting machines; to provide a loom having consistency that it will bend to some extent witha harness formed of sheet material which will out breaking the fibers of the board. It is quite lie flat against the loom frame for shipment and obvious that this frame may be of other sheet thereafter can be bent into shape for use in formmaterial, for example, such as bakelite, clothing a shed; to provide a cardboard loom having inserted bakelite, fibreboard, or even metal. Opprinted thereon a pattern; and to provide a posite ends of the loom frame are preferably cheap loom which can be manufactured by maprovided with notches 2 whereby warp threads chinery in. large quantities, the loom comprising 4 may be strung across the frame. the combination of a frame, harness, and shuttle, As shown in Figures 3 and a, I may prefer, in l all cut from the same sheet material. certain cases, to use other means to space the 25 'Other objects of my invention will be apparent warp threads, and in Figure '3 I have shown or will be specifically pointed out in the descripv-shaped cuts 5 into which the warp thread tion forming a part of this specification, but I may be insert and in Figure 4 I v Shown do not limit myself to the embodiment of the straight cuts E into the edge of the loom frame.

be adopted within the scope of the claims, methods and I may prefer different means to With the advent of a fashion calling for homeaccommodate different sizes of warp material. spun bags and, the like, small portable looms While stringing the warp threads 4 on the are to be desired, particularly when such looms loom frame, they should be passed through apercan be imprinted with the various designs necestures l in the heddle 8. This harness is prefer- 5 sary in the weaving of such homespun articles. ably formed from a single sheet of the same ma.- It is also particularly advantageous that such terial as the loom frame 5 and is provided on a-loom becompact, be easily shipped and in opposite ends with warp extensions 9, opposite order to make the loom attractive for sale, and extensions being offset so that alternate warp 40 cheap in construction. The loom of my present threads may be passed through the apertures 40 invention satisfies all requirements for such purl in the extensions on one end of the heddle,

, poses and is so designed that it may be produced the remaining threads passing through the ex- I by modern die-cutting machinery, of strong rigid tension on the other end of the harness. The material, preferably cardboard, in large quantiharness, to facilitate stringing andoperation, is

ties. Quantity production makes for cheapness scored to provide two adjacent hinges l0 and 45 in manufacture. In the following specification, ll so that the harness may be folded upon itself,

/ the word cardboard will. be deemed to include thus placing the extensions 9 closely adjacent. all similar sheet material capable of being die- In this position, due to the fact that hinges I 0 cut and it isalso deemed that any sheet material, and II are both an equal distance offset from even metal, will be full equivalents with the scope the mid-line of harness I II, no matter which hinge 50 of the appended claims. is uppermost, one set of extensions 9 will be The broad aspects of my invention as applied raised and the other set depressed. to the structure shown in the drawings may be i If, however, both hinges are partly flexed in more readily understood by reference to them in order to place the apertures I in line and the flat 5 which Figure 1 is a perspective View of a presurface I: between the hinges in a horizontal plane, the harness will be in a position most advantageous for stringing and the alternate passage of the warp threads through the apertures I will make the harness operative to form a shed between the warp threads when fully flexed in either direction.

After the harness has been mounted upon the warp threads 4, the harness will also open to lie flat with the frame as shown in Figure 5 and thus take up little space when not in use. The weft thread, usually of yarn, may be wound upon a shuttle I4, which is also die-cut, preferably from the same sheet as frame i and harness 8 and is provided with incurving notches is to receive the hank of yarn !6. The end of the yarn is preferably anchored to the frame by means of a pair of tie holes H.

In operation of the loom, the harness is taken between the thumb l9, and forefinger or middle finger 20, and squeezed together until one side of the harness is raised and the other depressedas shown in Figure 6 where the harness end 2| is shown raised and the harness end 22 depressed, thus forming a shed 23 in the warp threads through which the shuttle is then passed as shown in Figure 1.

After a single row has been woven, the positions of the thumb and forefinger are reversed, thus flexing hinges l0 and H and raising harness end 22 and depressing harness end 2|, thus forming another shed in which. the warp threads are crossed, whereupon the shuttle is passed through in the opposite direction. Alternate motions of the thumb and forefinger can then continue with the passage of the shuttle at each reversal of the shed until the weaving is finished.

At any time during the weaving, however, the harness 8 may be used as a comb. The thumb and forefinger may be placed opposite each other, thus making heddle surface l2 horizontal and bringing the apertures 6 into line. Movement of the heddle toward the work will then compact it, thus doing away with a separate comb for controlling the density of the fabric.

As will be seen from an examination of Figures 5, 6 and 7, the loom frame I, when originally strung up is preferably fiat. As the harness is operated, however, angles 24 formed by the operation thereof effectively shorten the warp threads and my use of a flexible frame allows the frame to bend to form a belly 25, thus keeping the warp threads taut at all times. This tautness effectively prevents the shuttle from catching in the warp threads as its passes through the shed and greatly aids in the speed of weaving.

As I prefer to print upon the frame I a design 26, it is obvious that when the design color changes other yarns 21 may be substituted for the original weft material and the design created by the sequency of the yarn colors, following the design layout.

The advantages of the loom described are obvious. By placing sheet material in roll or fiat form in a press, the printing and the die-cutting may be done at the same time, and as all the parts are from the same original sheet, cost is reduced to a minimum.

If it is desired to make a loom of better grade material, it is obvious that the loom can be made of diiferent materials, even from those which are not suitable for forming hinges by scoring. In this latter case, harness parts l2, 2| and 22 are made as separate die cuttings and the hinges are formed by backing the parts with a flexible material such as cloth, for example. In any case, however, I prefer to utilize materials which will make the frame I of sufiicient resiliency to keep the warp threads taut at all times.

It is of course to be understood that in case it is desirable to reenforce the harness extensions or any other parts of the harness, that such reenforcement is deemed to be fully within the spirit of the invention as exemplified in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In combination with the warp threads of a loom, a harness comprising a fiat sheet of rigid material having offset extensions on each end thereof, alternate warp threads passing through a line of apertures in said extensions, and a double hinge formed in said harness parallel to the lines of said apertures to provide relative motion of said extensions when said hinges are flexed.

2. In combination with a loom, a harness consisting of a single piece of sheet material, offset extensions on opposite ends of said piece, said extensions being pierced to provide warp apertures, and a score mark on each side of the center line between said extensions whereby said piece may be bent at said marks to have a double hinge.

WAYNE F. ROSSITER.

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