US2067878A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

JamlZ, 1937. I. D. SATTGAST I 2,067,378

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 14, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 1' T z'z Jan. 12, 1937. I. D. SATTGAST ,8

I INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed April 14, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 7 .2 5. fl 2 5w n [RL D. LEA AET.

Patented Jan. 12, 1937 Mire star 3 Claims.

This invention relates to an internal combustion engine and it aims to provide a generally improved construction which may more rapidly cool, which avoids the use of and objections to the ordinary exhaust valve of the poppet type, and a structure wherein the compressed fuel charge will be a dry gas, and an engine which will operate with increased efficiency and practically silently.

The more specific objects and advantages will become apparent from the description following taken in connection with accompanying drawings illustrating an operative embodiment.

In said drawings:

Figure 1 is a View in central'vertical section through an internal combustion engine embodying my improvement;

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the plane of line 2-2 of Figure 1; v

Figure 3 is a horizontal sectional View taken on the line 3--3 of Figure 1; and

Figure 4 is a horizontal sectional view taken on the line l-- l of Figure 1.'

Referring specifically to the drawings, wherein like reference characters designate like or similar parts, the improved engine includes a base section at if) provided with a crank chamber at E2 adapted to contain a lubricant.

Detachably fastened to the upper end of the section it is a cylinder section l3, fastened in place by a flange Hi, resting on the top of section it? and bolted thereto as at E5. A portion of the cylinder section l3 depends into or telescopes into the base Section N].

A suitable piston i6 is reciprocable within the chamber or cylinder 53, having the usual rings or other packing as at l6. A wrist pin l 7 carried by the piston It has a connecting rod l8 journaled thereon and in turn journaled on the crank IQ, of the crank or main shaft E8 of the engine, the latter being journaled in suitable bearings at in the wall of the base section ii].

Surmounting the cylinder I3 is a head or cap section 28 removably secured in place by bolts 22. The cylinder i5 and the head preferably have communicating passages at 23 and 2H, for the circulation of water for cooling purposes.

Carburetted fuel from any suitable source is adapted to be drawn into the cylinder l3 upon the descent of the piston E6, the same serving to open a fuel inlet valve 25 by suction, so that fuel may pass from the source into a branch 26 of an inlet tube 21, detachably secured in place to the cylinder by means of bolts 28 passing through a flange 29 of the tube. The valve 25 is carried by a stem 30 and the latter slides through a tubular guide 3! carried by the end wall 32 of the tube 27. This rod 30 at the outer. end carries a plate 33 and an expansive spring 36 surrounds the stem 35 and abuts the plates 32 and 33 to normally hold the valve 25 closed against the inlet of fuel.

Centrally of the cylinder head 2!, a heat trap member 35 is'detachably mounted centrally by means of bolts 36 passing through a laterally enlarged portion 3? of such member and engaging screw-threaded openings in the cylinder head. This heat trap member is made of a metal to absorb and retain heat, rather than permitting'it to be lost with the exhaust of the engine. Any

metal may be used which will more readily absorb and retain heat than the material of a cylinder 83 and cylinder head 2! which are usually made of iron. This heat trap member has'a tube 38 depending through the cylinder head and below it, preferably having ports 39 as well as an open lower end, communicating with'the interior of an exhaust valve of the poppet type and in lieu U thereof has an outlet tube 43 in its side wall, and extending into the wall of an auxiliary cylinder M parallel to the main cylinder l3, detachably bolted as at Ma to the flange Hi, having a part d6 telescoped through the last mentioned flange and partly into base section ill. Operable in the cylinder 44 is a reciprocable body 45, generally of tubular or piston form as shown, which carries an exhaust outlet tube &6 adapted at times to register with the outlet tube 43. The tube 46 slides through the cap or upper end ll of the auxiliary cylinder 44.

A connecting rod @8 is pivotally connected at 49 to the body 35 and extends from'a crank 50, on which it is journaled, forming part of a shaft 5! extending from a gear wheel 52 on a sub-shaft 53, journaled at 54, in the wall of the base it, the crank 5| being journaled in a bearing 55, in an outer wall 56 of said base section Ill. The crank shaft I8 is extended and journaled in a bearing 51 in the wall 55, and has a gear 58 thereon enmeshed with the gear 52 in order to drive the latter from the main shaft I8. From the gear wheel 58, an oil pump construction 59 may be driven as shown.

On the shaft l8, a fly wheel 60 is keyed. This shaft also has a disc or plate 6| at the other end,

enabling it to be fastened to a corresponding disc or plate of another engine, enabling engines to be built up in units or in tandem according to the number of cylinders desired.

The specific engine illustrated is adapted to operate as a four cycle, single cylinder engine. Any suitable ignition system or means is provided to fire the spark plug 49 at desired times.

As piston l6 descends from its uppermost position, the suction created moves the valve 25 inwardly against tension of the spring 34, thus opening it and drawing in the fuel charge. When the cylinder reaches its lowermost position, the valve 25 is closed by the spring 34 and gearing moves the piston I6 back to its uppermost position, thereby compressing the charge. At the end of the latter stroke, spark plug All fires and drives the piston downwardly on its power stroke. At or near the end of the power stroke, the gearing will have moved the body 4'5 into a position where the pipe 46 registers with the pipe 43 so that the exhaust products pass through said pipes into the atmosphere. Attention is called to the fact that the pipe 46 continually moves and the movement thereof and of the body stirs the air or causes a circulation thereof about the pipe it in order to maintain it cool, or at a sufficiently low temperature for practical purposes.

Attention is called to the fact that all of the heat is not lost to the escape of the exhaust through pipes 43 and 46 but much of such heat is absorbed by the trap 35. This heated trap serves to change the spray of fuel forming the charge, to a dry gas in being compressed in the cylinder l3 by the piston l6. Substantially perfect combustion results and the cylinder is maintained clean. Exhaust valve trouble is obviated.

ID The heat trap 35 is readily removable for cleaning when desired.

Various changes may be resorted to provided they fall within the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim as my invention:

1. An engine of the class described having a cylinder, a piston operative therein, internal combustion means to drive the piston, said cylinder having an outlet port for exhaust gases, a movable body geared to the engine, and said body normally closing said port and having a pipe adapted to register therewith for the exhaust of spent gases, said pipe being surrounded by a portion of the body.

2. An engine of the class described having a cylinder, a piston operative therein, internal combustion means to drive the piston, said cylinder having an outlet port for exhaust gases, a movable body geared to the engine, and said body normally closing said port and having a pipe adapted to register therewith for the exhaust of spent gases, said pipe being of less diameter than the body and surrounded by a portion of the body, the body serving to stir air in its movement about said pipe, to maintain the latter at the desired temperature.

3. An engine of the class described having a cylinder, a piston operative therein, internal combustion means to drive the piston, said cylinder having an outlet port for exhaust gases, a movable body geared to the engine, and said body normally closing said port and having a pipe adapted to'register therewith for the exhaust of spent gases, said pipe being of less diameter than the body and surrounded by a portion of the body, the body serving to stir air in its movement about said pipe, to maintain the latter at the desired temperature, a cylinder separate from the first mentioned cylinder in which the body operates, a pipe connecting the port and entering the wall of the cylinder, and a top for-said cylinder through which the first pipe slides.

IRL DWIGHT SATTGAST.

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