US2028925A - Steam generator - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 28, 1936. v 5 H. J. SCHNEIDER 4 2,023,925 7 STEAM GENERATOR I 7 Filed Feb. 14, 1935 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 i N 1 3 i o l l I l I I I l k1 I m 1 Q I 3 I N L 3 I a l 1936- H. J. SCHNEIDER 2,028,925

' STEAM" GENERATOR Filed Feb. 14, 19:55 7 2 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 oooooooooo ooooo'oooo ooo OoQooooOOoOooooo 144K444KKZK Patented Jan. 28, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 6 Claims.

My invention relates tothat of steam generators and more particularly to the type embodying a Yarrow boiler, and it consists in construction, arrangements and combinations herein described and claimed.

It is the object of my invention to provide a Yarrow type boiler with a radiant tube installation arranged so as to increase the temperature of feed water through the tubes, thus providing a steam generating unit to obtain a higher transfer of heat between combustion gases and heated feed water with a comparatively small unit of high efi'iciency.

It is a further object of this invention to provide a steam generating unit in which the steam drum, water drums and tubes also a superheat generator of a reliable type with a high output. have such a relationship to one another as to readily permit building of an installation in a comparatively small and compact unit and inwhich practically all heat units are utilized in production of steam.

Additional objects, advantages and features of my invention will be apparent from the following 5 description considered and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure 1 is a side elevation embodying my invention.

Figure 2 is a front elevation thereof. Figure 3 is in part the front elevation of the enclosure with apertures for fuel injection and in part showing the rear and outer wall water tubes of my invention.

Figure 4 is a sectional view on line 4-4 of Figure 1. V

Figure 5 is a sectional view on line 5-5 of Figure 3.

Referring to the drawings and particularly Figures 1 to 5 inclusive, there is illustrated a water and steam boiler 6, including an auxiliary feed Water inlet 9. The boiler 6 may be of suitable capacity and construction, and associated therewith, are water drums I and 8, including main feed inlet III and II. The water drums "I and 8 extend in a plane parallel with the boiler 6 but at a distance downwardly therefrom. In

practice, the boiler 6 would occupy a position in the upper portion of a combustion chamber or fire-box and the water drums I and 8 would be positioned in respective side walls of the fire-box.

The boiler 6 and respective waterdrums l and 8 are interconnected by respective banks of water tubes I2 and I3, these tubes extending diagonal- 1y inward over the firebox and enter boiler 6 upon its underside.

Each bank of water tubes I 2--I3 provides a multiplicity of innermost tubes I2a and I311, respectively, in direct communication with the products of combustion and an intermediate multiplicity of tubes I2b and I 3b and also a multi- 5 plicity of tubes I20 and I3c. By this arrangement, the tubes In and I 3a by virtue of direct contact with the products of combustion will act to conduct a rapid transfer of heat between combustion gases and heated water to the boiler 6 and 10 the outermost tubes I21) and I3b will act as convection tubes, permitting the unevaporated water to gravitate from boiler 6 to the respective Water drums 1 and 8, thus permitting a rapid circulation of heated water between boiler 6 and wa- 15 ter drums I and 8. Preferably, the tubes comprising the banks I2 and I3 are varying in diameters, the largest being positioned adjacent the greatest furnace heat as indicated at I2d and I341.

In order that advantage may be taken of all 20 possible heating area of combustion chamber, the main feed water is fed through the inlets I0 and II into respective closed extensions 3839 thereof, the extensions being disposed in respective water drums 'I-8. Connected with the extensions 25 38-39 there are respectively, water tubes I4 and I5. The tubes I4 and I5 extend downwardly to occupy a position parallel with the side walls of a fire-box and at a suitable point in the foundation of the steam generator, the tubes I 4I5 30 are bent and extend varying distances from their respective positions in the side walls of a fire-box to a point medially of the boiler and are thence abruptly bent and extended rearwardly toward the rear wall of combustion chamber, where they are secured into a water-box I6. The water tubes I4-I5 thus provide a water wall and water floor which are covered with a suitable refractory material which will act as a conductor for heating feed water in tubes I4-I5 associated with water drums 1 and 8 and water-box I6, the exterior of the water tubes I I-I5 are covered with a suitable heat resisting insulation. Herewith I provide a secondary unit H which comprises a multiplicity of U tubes extending 45 forward at a suitable distance and secured into water-box I6. The water box I6 is longitudinally divided by a wall I6a defining the upper and lower chambers and the tubes I! are connected between the upper and lower chambers of water- 50 box I6, thereby permitting feed water to be heated to a higher temperature due to circulation through tubes I I. Tubes I! will be covered on their top sides with a refractory material which has the quality of resisting clinker adhesion. 55

An opening H in the covering will be retained at each end, with an apron 40 over the front end of said refractory material to permit furnace heat to circulate thereunder. A multiplicity of tubes I8 are connected between water-box I6 and rear portion of the boiler 6, and these tubes I8 are directly exposed to furnace heat to further permit the heating of feed water. The tubes I8 open upon the chamber I9 so as to direct the feed water through the tubes I and I30 which are connected with the chamber I9 and thence into water drums I and 8 as shown in Figures 1, 2, 3 and 5.

From the foregoing it will beapparent that the feed water will pass through the inlets Ill-and I I into the water drums I and 8 through tubes I 4-I5 and I I, the water-box I6, and thence through the tubes I8, chamber I9, and finally down through tubes I2cand I3c to water drums I and 8. The feed water has thus attained a high degree of temperature. Preferably between tubes I2al3a and I2b-I3b there is shown a space in which a superheater of any approved type may be installed, the tubes 23a of said superheater extending parallel to those of the boiler 6 and water drums I and 8 to generate a higher degree of superheat, as clearly shown in Figure 1.

Steam is taken from the boiler 6 through a central outlet T valve 28 to which pipes 2I and 22 are associated, the pipes being connected with respective superheaters 23 and 24. The common outlet header 25 may be connected to a delive pipe not shown.

In Figure 1 a complete unit is shownand comprises a feed pump 26, a feed line 21 and a heater 28, from which a pipe extends for connection with the upper and lower chambers of the installation. The pipe 38 includes a T-fitting 321 establishing connection with a feed inlet II, and from one side of the fitting 32 there is a pipe 33, which is connected with an upper portion of a boiler 6. The pipe 30 has installed therein a. valve 3|, and the pipe 33 has a valve 34. The T- connection 29 provides for connection of a similar series of pipes and valves for the opposite drum 8, connection being made through fittings II I--42 and 43, as shown in Figure 3. In operation, normally, the valves 3| are open and the valves 34 are closed, but in emergency where an auxiliary feed is essential, the valves 3| are closed, while the valves 34 are opened.

The boiler 6 is connected to the drums 1 8 by suitable pipes 36, including elbow fittings 353I, these pipes being commonly known as downcomers.

Various constructions of water-boxes may be employed, but in Figure 1, I have shown a construction of preferred square type with a division plate I 60. therein to define upper and lower chambers, the front and upper side of which is suitably apertured for reception of water tubes or similar tubes, By providing apertures on all sides of box I6 numerous pipe connections may be made, and those apertures which are not required in installation may be closed by use of any to a given floor area, which is an important factor of marine installation.

The invention herein disclosed is in some aspects an improvement over that of my prior application, Serial No. 667,554, filed April 24, 1933, for Steam generators.

What I claim is:

1. A boiler comprising a substantially horizontal upper chamber, two lower smaller substantially horizontal chambers defining the upper lateral boundaries of. a fire-box, an inner bank of generating tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, and an outer bank of convection tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, a multiplicity of water tubes extending downwardly from respective lower chambers and defining the sides of a. water wall of the fire-box, water tubes communicating with the last named tubes arranged to form a water floor of the fire-box, water tubes communicating with the last named tubes arranged to form a heater in the fire-box, water tubes communicating with the last named tubes' eral boundaries of a fire-box, an inner bank of generating tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, an outer bank of convection tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, a multiplicity of water tubes extending downwardly from respective lower chambers and defining the sides of a water wall of a fire-box, water tubes communicating with last named tubes arranged to form a water floor of a fire-box, a water-box in communication with said last named tubes, a multiplicity of tubes in communication with the waterbox defining a water-heater, a multiplicity of tubes in. communication with said last named water-box to define a back water-wall, a waterbox in the upper chamber in communication with said last named tubes, and a multiplicity of tubes in communication with said last named waterbox and respective lower chambers defining the outer wall of convection tubes.

4. A boiler set forth in claim 1 wherein the generating tubes vary in diameter.

5. A boiler comprising a substantially horizontal upper chamber, two lower smaller substantially horizontal chambers defining the up-' per lateral boundaries of a fire-box, an inner bank of generating tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, an outer bank of convection tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, a multiplicity of water tubes extending downwardly from respective lower chambers and defining the sides of a water wall of a fire-box, water, tubes communicating with last named tubesarranged to form a water floor of a fire-box, a water-box in communication with said last named tubes, a multiplicity of water tubes in communication with said last named water-box to define a back water wall in a fire-box, a water-box in the upper chamber in communication with said last named 15 tubes, a multiplicity of tubes in communication with said last named water-box to define a water wall beyond the convection tubes and in communication with lower chambers and an outer element of larger water pipes-in communication with the water walls of lower chambers and upper chamber.

6. A boiler comprising a substantially horizontal upper chamber, two. lower smaller substantially horizontal chambers defining the upper lateral boundaries of a fire-box an inner bank of generating tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, an outer bank of convection tubes connecting respective lower chambers to said upper chamber, a mu1ti-- piicity of water tubes extending downwardly from respective lower chambers and defining the sides of a water wall of a fire-box, water tubes communicating with last named tubes arranged to form a water floor of a fire-box, a water-box in communication with said last named tubes, a multiplicity of water tubes in communication with said last named water-box to define a. water heater, a multiplicity of tubes in communication with said last named water-box to define a back water wall, a water-box in the upper chamber in communication with said last named tubes, feed water inlet pipes in communication with the lower chambers, and downcomer water pipes connected between the upper and lower chambers.

HENRY J. SCHNEIDER.

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