US2019091A - Air conditioning system - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 29, 1935. 1.. A. PHILIPP AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM Fild Feb. 15, 1934 INVENTOR. Aqweuycz: P/l/A/PP 1v? A; g

ATTORN Y.

Wu: ""VHH Ratented 0.1. 29, 1935 UNITED STATES 2,019,091 AIR coumrromnc srs'rm Lawrence A. Kelvinator poration of Michigan Philipp, Detroit, Mich, agsignor to Corporatiom'iletroit, Micln, a cor- Application February 15, 1934, Serial No. 111,296

9 Claims.

T'he present invention relates to air condition ing systems and particularly to systems for cooling and dehumidifying air.

In certain types of air conditioning systems, airto be conditioned is circulated in heat exchange relation with a heat absorber for the purpose of cooling .the air. One. of the objects of the present invention is to provide an improved air conditioning system in which the air in the room is continually in circulation, whether or not it is being cooled, and to prevent the circulation of the air in heat exchange relation with the heat absorber when the heat absorber is not being cooled.

In one embodiment of the invention, anartiflcial refrigerating apparatus is employed and it is another object of the present invention to prevent the fiow of circulating air about the heat absorber of refrigerating apparatus when the apparatus is inactive.

Further objects and advantages will be apparent from the following description, reference being had to the accompanying drawing wherein preferred forms .of embodiment of the present invention are clearly shown.

In the drawing: v A

Fig. l is a diagrammatic view of. one form of r'ny-improved air conditioning. system;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of one of the valves used in the system and.

Fig. 3 is a view partly in section showing a control mechanism for-use in another form of the invention.

Referring to the drawing, a room 20 is shown diagrammatically by a side wall 2| and a floor 22. A cabinet 23 is disposed in the room and air is circulated therethrough for the purpose of I cooling the air to remove either the sensible or the latent heat or both, from the air to be conditioned. A blower fan 25 is used for circulating the air in the room. This fan'is disposed within the cabinet 23 and draws air into the cabinet through the side wall thereof and forces the air out of the top of the cabinet between the interstices 28. A partitioned wall 21 depends from the top wall oi? the cabinet and extends from the front to the rear thereof for directing air flow within the cabinet. v A partitioned wall 28 including aside 23, a bottom'30 and an opposed side 3| is disposed within the cabinet 23 and is spaced from the side wall and the bottom of the cabinet so as to provide a duct ,for the circulation of air within the cabinet. One wall 33 of the blower 25 is joined with partition 21 and cooperates with partition 21 and wall.29 of partition to form a compartment 34 for an evaporator 35. Another wall 88 of the blower 25 is joined with the right side wall of the cabinet 23 and forms the upper end of the duct 32. The blower 25 is provided with two r, outlets 38 and 33 which are connected respectively with the duct 32 and the compartment 34. The partition 21, the right side wall of cabinet 23, and the front and back of the cabinet form a compartment 40. r

Air drawn into the cabinet 23 by the blower 25 will be conducted either through the duct 32 to the side compartment 40 or through the compartment 34 to the side compartment 40. The air from the compartment 40 passes outwardly through the interstices of the top 28 of the cabinet. A movable .baflie42 is arranged to open and close the outlets 38 and 39 of the blower 25. This baiiie 42 is pivoted at 4 3 andis shown as closing the outlet 38 so that the ,air is directed through the outlet 39 and through compartment 34. This 7 battle can be swung clockwise from the position shown so as to open the outlet 38 and close the outlet 38and when in the latter position, the air from the blower will'pass through the'o'utlet 25 38 and duct 32 and thus bypass compartment 34. The evaporator is shown as comprising three sections 44, 45 and 48 all connected-in series circuit relation. Refrigerant is delivered to the section 44 by a pipe 48. Refrigerant is delivered 80 from section 44 to section 45 by a pipe 49 and refrigerant is delivered from section 45 through I a pipe 50, a throttle valve 5i and a' pipe'52 to section 48. From section 48 the gaseous refrigerant is delivered to'a compressor 54 by a pipe 55. When the compressor 54 is operating it will withdraw gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator 35 to lower the temperature thereof and it will compress this gaseous refrigerant and force the same into a heat dissipator or condenser 58 wherein 40 it will be cooled and liquefied and then delivered by a pipe 51 to suitable expansion valve herein shown as a high-side-type-fioat valve 58. The valve 58 forms a chamber in which is disposed a float 8| which actuatesa needle valve 82. As (5 the liquid refrigerant accumulates, within chamber 88, it will lift the valve 82 from its seat and permit the refrigerant to flow. into the pipe 48 whence it is delivered to the evaporator 35.

The compressor 54 is driven bya motor 84 and the motor 84 is controlled by a thermostat T. This thermostat 'r is disposed within the room 20 and is responsive to the temperature of the air in the room. When the'temperature of the room attains a predeterminedhigh value, the

thermostat T will complete the. circuit to the compressor motor 64 as follows; wire 65, ther-' mos'tat T, wire 66, motor 64 and wire 61. When the temperature of the air in the room attains a predetermined lower value, the thermostat T will interrupt the motor circuit and thereby stop the compressor 54.

In addition to controlling the temperature of the air, it is also desirable to control the humid ity of the air and for this purpose the valve 5| and a humidistat H are provided. The valve 5| (see Fig. 2) comprises a casing 69 forming a chamber 10. A magnet coil H is carried by the valve 5| and is arranged when energized to lift a magnet core or solenoid I2; Refrigerant from pipe 50 flows into chamber 18 and through the port 13 topipe 52 when the coil H is energized} and core 12 is raised, the core 12 functioning asl a 'valve for closing the port 13. A small bypass l5 permits the flow V of refrigerant from the chamber 18 to the pipe 52 when the magnet coil H is deenergized and the core or solenoid l2 rests flow of refrigerant from section 45 of the evaporator to section 46. In that event the sections 44, 45 and 46 operate at substantially the same temperature, and, the evaporator andcompresq sor are computed in size so as to remove, at this time, principally sensible heat from the air flowing over the evaporator sections. When the relative humidity is too high, which of course will be above the maximum adjusted'setting of the humidistat H, the humidistat H will interrupt the circuit to the magnetic coil ll whereby the solenoid valve I2 will close on its seat and refrigerant can pass only through the bypass 15. Under this condition the flow of refrigerant from sections and 45 to the compressor 54 will be impeded causing a higher pressure and likewise a higher temperature to be maintained in sections 44 and 45. However, under this condition the suction eiiect of the compressor 44 on section 46 will be increased which will cause a material lowering of the pressure and aconsequent material lowering of the temperature of section 46. The arrangement is such that the tempera ture of section 46 will be decreased to considerably below the dew point of the air flowing thereover and thereby cause condensation or.increased condensation of moisture from the air.

The refrigerating apparatus will continue to sections of the evaporator to operate at substantially the same temperature. The circuit for the magnet coil ll includes wire 65, thermostat'T, wire ll, humidistat H, wire 18, coil 1 I, and wires I9, and 61.

It is desirable to cause continuous circulation of the air within the room 26 and therefore-the blower 25 is maintained operative continuously,

the circuit therefore including wires 65, 8|, motor in a container 81.

'With the over the evaporator 35 when the compressor is not operating, this air will not be cooled by the evaporator but will tend to assimilate the water to a position in which it closes the outlet 38 of s the blower and opens the outlet 38 of the blower. In this manner the air will bypass the compartment 34 contalningthe evaporator 35.

In the illustration of Fig. l, the battle 42 is actuated by a rod 84 connected to an arm 85 of the bafiie 42. This rod 84 is connected to a metallic bellows 86 which is arranged to collapse or expand in accordance withizhc pressure with- Container 81 is attached to the side wall 23 of the cabinet and includes an extension 88. This extension and the container 81 contain a volatile fluid which, when heated, is adapted to collapse the bellows to the position shown in the drawing and when the heat is removed, the bellows 86 will expand drawing the rod 84 to the left to move the bafile.'from the position of closing outlet 38 to the position of closing outlet 38. In Fig. 1 the fluid in extension 88 and container 81 is heated by an electric heating coil 98. This heating coil 90 is connected in. parallel withthe compressor motor 64 and is controlled by the thermostat T so that it will be energized when the motor 64 drives the compressor 54. The circuit for the heating coil 90 in eludes wire 65, thermostat T, wire 11, wire 9|, coil 98, wire 92 and wires 86and 61. Thus it is' apparent that when the thermostat T closes the motor circuit to drive'the compressor 54, the

bellows 86 will move the baiiie 42 to the position shown in the' drawing and will maintain the same in this position as long as the compressor is operating. When the thermostat interrupts .the compressor motor circuit, it will also interrupt the circuit to the heating coil 98. The volatile fluid in the container 81 will cool quickly consequent lowering 'of thepressure within the container and an expansion of the bellows 86 will quickly take place to close the outlet 39 and open the outlet 38.

In the embodiment shown in Fig. 3, the pressure within the-chamber 81 is controlled by the pressure in the refrigerating system, it being connccted by a pipe 94 to the suction pipe 55 in the present illustration. When the compressor operates, it will reduce the pressure in pipes 55 and 94 and in chamber 81 causing the bellows 86 to expand to move the rod inwardly and when the compressor stops, the pressure within chamber 81 and pipes 64 and 85 increase to cause a collapsing movement to be imparted to the bellows 86 whereby the rod 84 will move to the right. In this embodiment the rod 54 is connected through a bell-crank lever 95 to the arm 85 of baflle 42 for the purpose of imparting the proper movement to the bafile 42.

From the foregoing it will be seen that I have provided an air conditioning system which maintains a constant circulation of air in the room but the circulating air does not pass over the wet surface of the evaporator when the evaporator is inactive. 1

While the forms of embodiment of the present invention as herein described constitute preferred forms, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow:

ratus including a heat absorber and a heat dissipator, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulating air, said apparatus including means responsive to the condition of the air for cyclically controlling .the operation of the refrigerating apparatus; and means operated when the refrigerating apparatus is inoperative for preventing the flow of circulating air about the heat absorber.

2. An air conditioning system comprising in combination, a housing through which air to be conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating appa ratus including a heat absorber and a heat dissipator, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulating air, said apparatus including means responsive to the temperature of the air for cyclically controlling the operation of the refrigerating apparatus; and

means operated when the refrigerating apparatus is inoperative for preventing the flow of circulating air about the heat absorber.

' 3. An air conditioning system comprising in combination, a housing through which air to be conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating apparatus including a heat abmrber and a heat dissipatgr, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulating air, said apparatus including means responsive to the condition of the air for cyclically controlling the operation of the refrigerating apparatus; and means controlled by the refrigerating apparatus for directing the circulating air about and for preventing the flow of circulating air about the heat absorber. a

4. An air conditioning system comprising in combination, a housing through which air to be conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating apparatus including a heat absorber and a heat dissipator, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulating air, said apparatus including means responsive to the condition of the air for cyclically controlling the operatiori of the refrigerating apparatus; a movable baiile, said baflle in one position being adapted to cause the circulating air to flow about the heat absorber and when in another position being adapted to prevent the circulating air from flowing about the heat absorber; and means controlled by the refrigerating apparatus for actuating said bame.

5. An air conditioning system comprising in combination, a housing through which air to'be conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating apparatus including a heat absorber and a heat dissipator, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulating air, said apparatus including means responsive to the con-r dition of the air for cyclically controlling the 3 1 operation of the refrigerating apparatus; a fan for continuously causing air to circulate through the housing; and means controlled by the control means of the refrigerating apparatus for controlling the flow of circulating air about the heat 5 absorber. Y i

6 An airbonditioning system com rising in combination, a housing. through which air to be conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating apparatus including a heat absorber and a heat dissi- 10 pator, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulating air, said apparatus including means responsive to the temperature of the air for cyclically controlling the operation of the refrigerating a t a fan is for continuously causing air to circulate through the housing; and means controlled by the control means of the refrigerating apparatus for controlling the flow of circulating air about the heat absorber.

'1. An air conditioning system comprising in combination, a housing through which air to be conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating apparaing air about the best absorber,

8. An air conditioning system comprising in' combination, a housing through which air tov be Is conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating appara tus including a heat absorber and a heat dissipater, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulating air, said apparatus including means responsive to the con-' 4 dition of the air for cyclically controlling the operation of the refrigerating apparatus; a fan. for continuously causing air to circulate through the housing; and means responsive to the pressure of the refrigerant in-the refrigerating apparatus for 5 controlling the flow of circulating air about the heat absorber. s

9. An air conditioning system comprising in combination, a housing through which air to be conditioned is circulated; a refrigerating appara- 5o tus including a heat absorber and a heat dissipator, said heat absorber being disposed in the housing for cooling the circulatin air, said apparatus' including means responsive to the conevaporator.

LAWRINCI A. PHILIPP.

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