US2015645A - Vise - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 24, 1935. R. s. cHAsE E-r Al. 2,015,645

VISE

v Filed lay 15, 1934 2 sheets-sheet 1 ntozs l Sept. 24, 1935. R. s. cHAsE ETAL, y 2,015,645

Pff"- VISE Filed May 15, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE VISE Robert S. Chase, Charles D. Luce, and Thomas A. Arnott, Honolulu, Territory of Hawaii Application May 15, 1934, Serial No. .725,774

9 laims.

The invention relates to tools, particularly to vises, and has for its general object the provision of va novel vise in which the clamping action upon the work is brought about hydraulically in contradistinction to the usual screw means for shifting the position of the relatively movable member or jaw.

A primary object of the invention is to provide a vise of this character with improved means for imparting relative movement to the jaws.

Another object of the invention is to provide means for transmitting the clamping force to the movable jaw at laterally spaced points so as to prevent the clamping surface thereof from canting or shifting angularly with respect to the clamping surface of the fixed jaw.

A further object of the invention is to provide the vise with an open throat so that a relatively long piece of work may be clamped therein in a vertical position.

A principal feature of the invention consists in providing a vise with laterally spaced members which are connected at spaced points to one of the Jaws thereof and are adapted to be simultaneously operated for inducing relative movement of the jaws.

Another feature of the invention consists in providing the movable jaws of the vise with A laterally spaced members which are slidably mounted on the xed jaw thereof, said members being 'rigidly connected and being adapted to be simultaneously moved by means carried by the fixed Jaw.

Still another feature of the invention consists in providing improved mechanism for causing said jaws to open or move apart, said mechanism involving resilient means operatively interposed between the jaws and so arranged as to leave the throat of the vise unrestricted.

A further feature of the invention consists in providing a hydraulic vise with a ilo ting piston or ram which is operatively associatgd of the vise jaws and is cooperable with means carried by the other jaw thereof, said piston being adapted to contact or abut said means but being otherwise independent thereof.

To the attainment of the foregoing and other objects and advantages, the invention preferably consists in the details of construction and the arrangement and combination of parts to be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a vertical longitudinal sectional view with one through the vise and the operating means therefor.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of the vise. y

Figure 3 is a side elevation thereof with parts broken away.

Figure 4 is a vertical cross sectional view taken on the line 4 4 of Figure 2.

Figure 5 is an underside view of the vise.

Figure 6 is a horizontal section through the control valve mechanism, the view being taken 10 on the line 6*-6 of Figure l.

Figure 7 is a detail View of a part of the spring and one of the attaching means therefor.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the letter A designates a suitable support, such as 15 a bench, table or the like, upon which the vise itself` is mounted and beneath which is disposed a suitable pedal actuated pump mechanism for developing the necessary hydraulic pressure.

Thevise itself is represented as comprising a 20 body I0 which may very conveniently be formed as a casting and which includes a base or attaching portion II through which pass bolts I 2 for the purpose of I anchoring it to the support A. At its upper portion, this body is formed to provide 25 a relatively stationary jaw I3 which is preferably shaped in accordance with established practice in so far as the construction of such tools is concerned. The intermediate portion of the body I0 is provided or formed with a cavity I4 in which 30 is secured, in any preferred manner, a cylinder I5I represented as having a reduced end portion I 6 formed with a small passage II for the initial escape of air when the cylinder is first filled with oil or other liquid. Of course this passage is 35,r

normally closed as by means of the screw plug I8. Extending through the support A, the base or attaching portion II and through a part of the body I0 is an oil conducting tube I9 which connects with the forward portion of the cylinder I5 40 and which is in communicating relation to the interior thereof.

Cooperating with the relatively xed jaw I3 is the movable or outer jaw 20 which may be of conventional shape and which has secured to its 45 sides, as by screws 2l or the like, cheek plates 22 which are slidably engaged with the sides of the intermediate portion of the body I 0, the sides of the body being preferably recessedv or grooved to provideguideways 23' s`o as to permit sliding 50 movement of the cheek plates with respect to the body I0 while preventing any relative verti- 'cal displacement. Rearwardly beyond the stationary portionof the vise, thecheek plates 22 f are connected by a transverse member 25 secured 55 thereto in any desired manner, as, for instance, by screws or bolts 26.

Disposed within the cylinder I5 is a piston or ram 21 which is adapted to abut or engage the transverse member 25 at a point substantially midway between the cheek plates. This piston may be conveniently 1termed a floating piston, since it is not connected or secured in any way to the transverse member 25. Thus, the piston and transverse member 25 may move relatively to each other in directions transverse of the longitudinal axis of the piston, thereby insuring greater freedom of movement of all parts of the vise. rit its inner end, the piston may advantageously be equipped with suitable resilient cupped washers 28 which may be secured in place by any preferred means, such as a bolt 29, the purpose of the washers being, of course, to eiect a liquid-tight joint between the piston and cylinder to prevent oil leaking past the piston when the vise is in use.

operatively interposed between the jaws of th vise is a coil tension .spring 30 for normally maintaining the jaws in open or spaced apart position. This spring is preferably disposed within a recess 3| formed on the under side of the body portion I0 of the iixed jaw, being secured at one end to the body I0 and at the other to the transverse member 25. While it may be attached to these parts of the vise in any suitable manner, it is preferred to employ attaching members 60 of the character illustrated in detail in Figure 1. These members comprise a plate portion 6I provided with an opening 62 for receiving a securing boltl 63 and a cylindrical plug-like portion 54 having a helically grooved exterior which is adapted to be threaded into the spring and is preferably of slightly larger diameter than the inside diameter of the spring, so that it will be firmly gripped thereby. As shown in the drawings, it is preferred to arrange the spring substantially parallel to the cheek plates 22, so that it will exert a force acting parallel with the direction of movement of the latter and it is also preerred to attach the spring to lthe body portion Ill of the vise and the transverse member 25 at points substantially midway between the cheek plates, so that the spring will exert equal forces on the plates in causing the movable jaw to move away from the fixed jaw. By locating the spring beneath the body portion of the vise, it is conveniently protected from injury or damage and, by connecting it to the body portion I0 and the transverse member 25 instead of to the body portion and the movable jaw, it will be seen that the throat of the vise is left unrestricted, so that long pieces of work which are not of greater width than the distance between the cheek plates may be clamped between the jaws in a substantially vertical position.

The operating means for the above described vise structure may advantageously comprise a pump mechanism adapted to be located at some convenient point beneath the support A. 'I'his mechanism is here represented as comprising a body 32 formed with a chamber 33 within one end of which is secured a valve body 34 connected by a pipe or tube 35 with some suitable oil reservoir. The valve body 341 is formed with a valve seat adapted -to be closed by a ball 36 retained against undue displacement as by a transverse pin 31. Communicating with the intermediate portion of the chamber 33 is a lateral passage 38 into which is screwed one end of a pump barrel 39 within which is mounted for reciprocation a plunger 40 pivotally connected at 4I with a lever 42 carrying a treadle or pedal 43 at one end and pivoted at its other end, as shown at 44, to an upstanding link 45 in turn pivoted at 46 between ears 41 on the body 32. Leading from the inner end 5 of the chamber 33 is a lateral passage 48 into which is screwed a fitting 49a having connected therewith a tube 50 connected by a coupling 5I with the tube I9. The juncture of the chamber 33 with the lateral passage 48 constitutes a valve 10 seat with which cooperates a ball 49 for the purpose of preventing back flow of oil from the vise into the chamber 33, at least under normal conditions.

sure within the cylinder I5 of the vise may be relieved or released, we provide a member 52 attached to one side of the body 32 and containing a normally outwardly spring pressed pin 53 having a pointed end adapted to be brought into en- 20 gagementwith the ball 49 for the purpose of unseating the same. The outer end of this valve 53 has some suitable head 55 thereon which might be kicked by the operator for the purpose of releasing the valve. It will be noted that the ball 49 is 25 located within a recess 56 of such size and shape as to permit the unseating of the ball, so that oil under pressure within thecylinder I5 may flow back, as will be described, to the oil reservoir.

In the operation of the device, it will be un- 30 derstood that initially, or normally, there is no pressure within the cylinder I5, so that the spring 30 will act to maintain the jaws of the vise open. At such time, the pump lever 42 is supposed to be in elevated position, as shown by dot and dash 35 lines in Figure-rl. The work, such as indicated at W, is placed against the stationary jaw I3 and the operator then places his foot upon the treadle 43 and depresses the same, thereby moving the lever 42 and plunger 40 downwardly. It is, of 40 course, to be assumed that the entire system is initially filled with some suitable oil. this being the preferable liquid. When the treadle is moved down, the downward movement of the plunger 40 causes pressure to be exerted upon the oil with- 45 in the chamber 33 and this results in unseating of the ball valve 49, so that a charge of oil will pass into the tube 50 on its way to the vise. On the resultant upward movement of the lever 42, which will be caused bythe pressure or which 50 might be caused by an auxiliary spring, if such is found necessary, the valve 49 will seat while the suction produced within the chamber 33 will unseat the ball 35 and draw in another charge of oil from the reservoir, through the pipe 35, past 55 the valve 36 and into the chamber 33. When the treadle is again depressed, this charge will be forced past the valve 49 and into the tube 50. This is continued until the pressure builds up within the cylinder I5, whereupon the oil under pres- 60 sure reacting against the piston or ram 21 will move it and consequently the cheek plates 22V and, therefore, the movable jaw 20 in such manner as to bring the movable jaw 20 into engagement with the work W, which is thus held firmly 65 clamped. The degree of pressure exerted by the jaws of the vise depends upon the extent of pressure applied to the treadle 43 or, in other words, the number of reciprocatlons of the pump piston 40. When it is desired to release the work, it is merely necessary for the operator to kick the head or button 55, so as to move the pin 53 inwardly and effect unseating of the check valve 49. At such a time, the ball 36 will drop down out of obstructing relation ,to the passage through the valve body 3l and the oil within the cylinder I5 may drain back through the tubes I9 and 50 into and through the chamber 33 and backthrough the pipe 35 to the reservoir.

From the foregoing description and a study of the drawings,'it will be apparent that we have thus provided a very simply constructed and inexpenn sive vise which is operated by hydraulic pressure, but it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, by slight modification, the vise may be provided with other suitable operating means. Those skilled in the art will also appreciate that many features of the vise here disclosed are readily adaptable to vises of the screw type.

While we have shown and described the preferred embodiment of the invention, it should be understood that the disclosure is merely an exemplification of the principles involved, as the right is reserved to make all such changes in the details of construction as will Widen the field of utility and increase the adaptability of the device, provided such changes constitute no departure from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims hereunto appended.

This application is a continuation in part of our copending application Serial No. 701,696, filed December 9, 1933.

What we claim is:

1. A vise including fixed and movable jaws respectively having clamping faces, yoke means having arms connected to the movable jaw and projecting forwardly therefrom toward the fixed jaw, said arms being laterally spaced to provide a work receiving opening and said fixed jaw having a body portieri provided with guideways for slidably receiving said arms, andl mechanism associated with the fixed jaw for cooperating with said yoke means to cause the movable jaw to approach the fixed jaw, the portion of the yoke means cooperable with said mechanism being movable away from the clamping `surface of the fixed jaw as said jaws approach each other.

2. A vise including xed and movable jaws respectively provided with clamping faces, arms connected to the movable jaw, said arms being laterally spaced to provide a work receiving opening and said fixed jaw having a body portion provided with guideways for slidably receiving said arms, and means spaced from said movable jaw and disposed rearwardly .of the clamping face of the fixed jaw rigidly connecting said arms, and means movable within the body portion of the fixed jaw and cooperable with said rst named means at a point intermediate said arms for causing the movable jaw to approach the fixed jaw.

3. A vise including fixed and movable jaws respectively provided with clamping faces, laterally spaced arms connected to the movable jaw, `said fixed jaw having a body portion provided on opposite sides with grooves for slidably receiving said arms, a transverse member rigidly connecting the ends of the arms remote from the movable jaw. and means carried by the fixed jaw engageable with said transverse member for causing the movable jaw to approach the fixed jaw, said transverse member being movable away from the fixed jaw as said jaws approach each other.

4. A vise including fixed and movable jaws respectively having clamping faces, arms connected to the movable jaw, said arms being laterally spaced to provide a work receiving opening and the fixed jaw having a body portion provided with grooves aording guideways for slidably receiving said arms, means at the rear of said body portion rigidly connecting said arms, said body portion having a cavity intermediate said arms,

and a fluid pressure operated piston movably 5 mounted in vsaid cavity, said piston being movable rearwardly of the body portion for cooperating with said means to cause the movable jaw to approach the fixed J'aw.

5. A vise including fixed and movable jaws, lat- 10 erally spaced arms connected to the movable jaw, said fixed jaw having a body portion provided with guideways for slidably receiving said arms, means disposed rearwardly of the clamping face of the fixed jaw rigidly connecting said arms, and 15 a fluid operated piston movably mounted in said body portion, said piston being movable relatively to said means and being adapted to abut the latter to move it rearwardly` with respect to the fixed jaw for causing the movable jaw to ap- 20 proach said fixed jaw.

6. A vise including xed and movable jaws respectivelyhaving clamping faces, mechanism for actuating said movable jaw to approach the fixed jaw, means rigid with said movable jaw, said 25 fixed jaw being disposed intermediate said means and the movable jaw, and a tension spring connected to said means and to the fixed jaw for causing the movable jaw to move away from the latter. 30

7. A vise including fixed and movable jaws respectively having clamping faces, said fixed jaw having a body portion extending rearwardly from its clamping'face, mechanism for actuating said movable jaw to cause it to approach said fixed 35 jaw, and means rigid with said movable jaw, said fixed jaw being disposed intermediate said means and the movable jaw, and a tension spring disposed beneath a portion of said body portion and connected to the latter and to said means for 40 causing the movable jaw to move away from the fixed jaw.

8. A vise including fixed and movable jaws respectively provided with clamping faces, laterally spaced arms connected to the movable jaw, said fixed jaw having a body portion provided with guideways for slidably receiving said arms, means disposed rearwardly of the clamping face of the fixed jaw rigidly connecting said arms, mechanism associated with the fixed jaw and cooperable with 50 said means at a point intermediate said arms for causing the movable jaw to approach the fixed jaw, and a tension spring connected to said means and said body portion for causing the movable jaw to move away from said fixed jaw. 55

9. A vise involvinga fixed jaw provided with laterally spaced slidable arms projecting forwardly and rearwardly therefrom, a movable jaw rigidly secured to and carried by said arms adjacent their forward ends, means connecting 60 said arms adjacent their rearward ends, a fluid operated piston movably associated with said fixed jaw, said piston being movable rearwardly of the latter for cooperating with said means to cause the movable jaw to approach the fixed jaw, and a tension spring connected to said means and to said fixed jaw for causing the movable jaw to move away from the fixed jaw.

ROBERT S. CHASE.. CHARLES D. LUCE. THOMAS A. ARNO'I'I'.

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