US2011543A - Transformer cut-out - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 13, 1935. E. M. MEYER TRANSFORMER CUT-OUT Filed Nov. 10, 1931 3 SheetsSheet l Aug. 13,1935. 5 MEYER 2,011,543

TRANSFORMER CUT OUT '1 Aug. 13, 1935. MEYER 2,011,543

TRANSFORMER CUT -OUT Filed Nov. 10, 19 31 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 WMWWWMI Patented Aug. 13, 1935 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE Porce ain Mud-s mvmel' 10, i931, Sella] No. 574,193

12 Claims.

This invention relates to novel improvements in -rmor cut-outs generally and especially to those in which a tusible cut-out is replaceably mounted in an insulating housing. Devices ot fliis type are intended to provide mountings U. lot' thelusecartridge shall berelatively uniform.

in oflserwords, -it is desirableto avoid the possibility of a. iaultyoonneotion-tothecircuit where dude is applied, otherwise there is likelihood or daughter b down of resistance, arcing & at pitting, accompanied by static disturbances which cause Anterierenoe withthe existing radiomnt-waves in thesther.

011001 ohe objectsof my invention is to provide-a Iuse oartlzidge-of the usual-cylindrical type all mithextonded motes permitting a maximum with'the' termmalsot-the line conductors. A furflier-objectof my invention is to improve the design-oi the terminals'of the line conductor rhy'pmviding-themdnthe iorm oi clips which shall S the heating or sch-aligning in order to odiust fioivjositionwithmespeot -to-the contact surfaces -on the wee-cartridge.

it be Further-objects myinvention to prowide-such contact clips of a hash! fioating type M which will not subject toanystoess imposed by the rigid parts of the device where the clips m-ittaehed'to the'housing. By my particular design 'the conductmg'path iorthe electricity is Meepamtclydmmth support of the eonmt-plates. Anlnoidental advantage of'this is tint where -the contact-plates are held in connoting position by 'a-resillent-member such as a leci's'pi'ingdhe latter-donut a part of the elecwoirouit andisntherefore not subject to overtill heatmg on the passage-oi heavy current. In this my-memes o! the spring is not apt w .'IIL5".-

kraddition, the hnpl'e'ved design of clips permite me'seleethnMmetal lol the spring ele- U inenta-ota'type notdbund'deskablewheremese (CL 241M133) elements must be relied on tocarry eleolmic current of relatively high voltage and large amperage. It is well recognized that some steels, such as chrome-nickelsteel are admirably adapted 4dr useas springs and are non-magnetic yet have I the drawback of *being of relatively high electrical resistance. Hence their use as current-earrying devices is undesirable. By my arrangement, springs of this and analogous materialsean be used without introducing resistance in the u electric circuit and without risk of depreciation from loss of resiliencethroughheating. The electrical path is provided by current-carryingblades of copper or similar metal having low electrical resistance and high thermal conductivity.

"By way of example and -to disclose one form which my invention may take I have shown the preferred form in the following drawings 'in which,

Fig. l is a. front elevation of the cut-out:

'Fig. 2 is a side view of the same with the cover opened;

Fig. 3 is about elevation with the cover opened;

Fig. i is a longitudinal section on line 4-4111 Fig. 1:

Fig. S-is a lower end view partly in section;

Fig.6 is an enlarged transverse section looking downward on'line '6-6 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is an enlarged transverse section lowing upwardon line I-'I of Fig. 4;

Fig. '8-is an enlarged transverse section on 11m '8 of Fig. 4; and

Fig. '9 is a detail side elevation or a terminpl clip.

The invention is embodied in a box or housing II. This housing is of weather-proof insulating material and is customarily formed of glazed porcelain of which wet-process porcelain is an example, of the type well recognized as capable of withstandingthe relativelyhigh voltage co n- 0 men on electrical distribution lines. This housing is of the well known type which carriesthe customary metalbar I! on its rear wall for 1sttachment to a cross arm, pole or other adequate support. The side walls P3, l3 have apertures M, 14 appropriately arranged near-the rear wpll forthe convenient passage of the usual electric cables into the box. Inside the box these cables endin'terminals of the usual type for attachment to screwthreaded binding posts l6, '5. "The binding posts are held in the'bases of-the contact clips which will be later described iii-detail.

The upper ends of the walls l3, II are eonnected by an over-hanging top wall M. "The'interior o! the housing is appropriately partitioned Q to suit the particular needs of this type of device when used with cartridge fuses.

The lower ends of the side walls l3, 13 are spaced to provide an open bottom. The front edges of the walls l3, l3 extend forwardly to form the projections I1, I! which form holding means or bearings for the hinge of the cover.

The cover for the box is a separate piece of porcelain of the same type as the housing proper and is adapted to fit between the side walls and to be hinged within projections H, H. The cover I8 is adapted to fit in closing relation over the front faces of the side walls |3, Hi and beneath the over-hanging front edge of the top 56. The outer face of the cover !8 carries an appropriate rib H) which is formed with an opening providing a ring handle 24 by which the cover may be swung around its hinge from open to closed position.

Since the cover l8 is made of material such as wet process porcelain, it is quite desirable that special means be provided for supporting it in the proper position centrally on the hinge memher and for controlling the movement of the cover so that it will not strike the other parts of the housing and become chipped or otherwise damaged.

For this purpose I make use of a special form of frictional bearing. As shown in Fig. 5 the lower end of the cover l8 has conical recesses 2!. Two aligned openings 22, 22 are provided in the ears l'l, ll of the side walls of the housing. These openings 22, 22 provide seats for conical bushings 23, 23, of thermo-plastic composition, aluminum or similar materials. These bushings taper inwardly toward the longitudinal axis of the housing and are screw-threaded. A screw 24 connects these bushings and serves to draw them together when either or both of the bushings are rotated. The bushings are rotated by means of a screw driver or other tool operating on the kerfed bases of the bushings.

The bushings are drawn up sufficiently close by means of the screw 24 to provide a frictional bearing on the inner walls of the communicating recesses 2|, 2|. In this way the bushings can be spaced in the recesses 22, 22 so that the cover is held in proper place between the side walls l3,

l3 but out of contact with them.

The openings 22, 22 beyond the bases of the bushings are filled with cement or other material so as to hold the bushings and the cover in the desired position. In this way the bushings form a frictional hinge about which the cover may be swung but retain the cover in its adjusted position without risk of its falling against the housing and becoming damaged.

In order to limit the opening movement of the cover two rubber stops 25, are provided on the open base of the housing. In like manner a rubber stop 26 is mounted on the housing beneath the over-hanging top It in order to help limit the closing movement of the cover as shown in Fig. 4.

The fuse is shown in detail in Fig. 4 to consist of a fiber tube 21 which contains the fusible wire. The upper ferrule 28 is in the form of a cap extending over the end of the tube 27 and fitted with an asbestos gasket 28. The cap has a hollow neck 29 which is screw -threaded to receive the knurled cap cover 38.

The opposite or open end of the ferrule carries screws 3|, 3| passing into recesses in the side walls of the tube 21.

The cap 29 is generally octagonal as shown in Fig. '7. On opposite sides of the cap are laterally extending lugs 32, 32 which are used to hold the cap in definite position with respect to the cover i8. The bottom wall of the cap 28 carries at its front end a pair of spaced parallel feet 33 which form stops for the cartridge when in its adjusted position. A holder 34 made of sheet brass is anchored by means of stud 35 to the inner wall of cover I8. This holder has opposed side arms 36 which are fiared outwardly to form shoulders 31 and inwardly projecting ends 38, 3B. The sides of the shoulders 37, 3'l have extension lugs 39, 39 shown in Fig. 3 to extend inwardly to the side walls of the ferrule 28. In mounting the fuse on the cover I 8 the cap ferrule 28 is placed with the feet 33, 33 against the base of the holder 34 thus bringing the arms 32, 32 within the shoulders 31, 31. The ferrule 28 is then pushed upward into the holder 34 until the arms 32, 32 are stopped by the lugs 39, 39. In this position the ferrule is held against further longitudinal movement by the lugs 39, 39 while the ends 38, 38 prevent the ferrule being pulled away from the cover.

Near the opposite end of the tube 21 there i mounted a ferrule 40. The upper and lower sides of this ferrule carry the screws 4|, 4| by means of which the ferrule is locked into position on the tube.

The opposite end of the ferrule has screwthreaded portion 42 ending in a tapered end portion 43. A collar 44 is provided to thread on the portion 42 and fit against the tapered end portion 43. The collar has a knurled rim 45 at its upper end.

The means for holding the ferrule in place on the cover comprises a holder 46 which is anchored to the cover l8 by means of an embedded stud 41. Springs arms 48, 48 forming integral parts of the holder 46 extend inwardly from the cover and fit tightly around the collar 44 beyond the rim 45 in the manner shown in Fig. 8.

Both the ferrule 28 and ferrule 40 have opposite side walls 49, 49 which form bearing surfaces for the electrical conductors or clips mounted on the back wall of the housing.

In mounting the cartridge on the cover the ferrule 28 is inserted in holder 34 in the manner already described thus bringing the rim 45 between the two holders and the collar 44 opposite the holder 46. The cartridge is then pivoted on the holder 34 thus snapping the collar 44 between the spring arms 48, 48. The fuse is prevented from endwise motion in one direction by the fingers 39, 39 and by the rim 45 coming against the spring arms 48, 48 in the other direc tion. The feet 33, 33 and side arms 32, 32 hold the cartridge in such position that the side walls 49, 49 of the ferrules are maintained in parallel planes perpendicular to the inner wall of the cover.

The circuit connections for operating with the side walls 49 of the cartridge fuse ferrules are in the form of clip assemblies which are mounted against the back wall of the housing and locked into place between the side walls |3, I3. I have shown in Fig. 3 the lower circuit assembly denoted generally by the numeral 50 and the upper assembly 5|. These assemblies are shown in enlarged side elevation in Figs. 6 and '7. Each of these assemblies include a terminal bar 52 which has one lateral extension with a transverse wirereceiving groove 53. The bar is screw-threaded on opposite sides of the groove to receive a series of binding screws 54 of which one is on the outer *mdmidlei .md-mmnao dm the wieldsn! them. sdhthres W the 'rbflbithdteol onrlrim the more in order to .namdhecendtei theiesd conductor intlnnoove. c Mikonarthus behmuehtin tbmuzh A H.110! eithersideoulliii, ill. me do! conductor-we may be held in this mini terminal memtersaloh as money :tnr mm :att so me of Q :mmu scroll-id.

"manor flsisin contact with ayoke til. yoke huvnaraiieumstnnding ode nombers each of which in an outr-rdb mending ton ue Id. ilhsmresfl are I Min width to about mm oithewidth climate ii. wince tonguel lldom u des to -wolt-dihe contact plates in? which the curo'msis. carried to the dermlee of the dose. The the members it ,and the U es 51 mo nerve it desired.v lilbtfimcnts Winch he-dm'nflokflianddl ot the (use one! mtltm dimi theinwudniovement at the m. em il-Moll: w; d iniig. 6. M We N we a contact plate to. dl'heeontoc iplote is'senc aii flat with the upp r mascot-outwardly and i r tmh v termed of mm aveiolmis material st l w ectrical resistance and highc'opdwtivity. z;; ,s'1he lower and of thank has lateral lugs 59 M are bent transversely .over the plate to m .a firm contact withrcurrent carryins WM, Elbe plate 58 is Substantially of the same my show. The plate is transversely plotted. its said portion above the lugs I. to 3min asset t! re m-upon the tongue 51 of the In this .way the plate" is tree to rock somardlvo $hQf-tll8ll6 a1 and yet be retained by the latter from displacement.

who 1m ends of the plates II, 58 are con- 49 mind by (a fi tibie conductor extending across month the-terminal bar. This flexible conma ar M is oreierahi termed of cop wires braided and woven into the term 0! a flexible .wa The ends or the conductor al are held M 9 between the plate It and its lugs 59. we mid-portion of the conductor is in extended contact with the bottom surface of the terminal that.

Aqeneoally U-ohaped spring 32 extends transwarmly beneath the terminal bar 52 and in conta t withthe web .61. The branches 8!, I3 of the racing 82 terminate in inwardly extending hearins memb rsflrtl which have .a generally spherion contour thus forming a rocking bea ng niainst the outer sidesof .thecontam plates I, It. a ,mic inward movement of the branches in. It is Y f h contact with the ends of the 1.51, asindicatcfl in Fig. 9. When the ferrule of the (use is received between the contact p J8 tlrelattar are spread into parallelism an separate suflicientiy to push the branches 6!, 63 away from the ends of the tongues 51, 51 at the same time the ball contact between the hearing members 84 and contact plate 5. is such as to permit the latter to rock into extended contact with the side surface of the ferrule, without loss of pressure and yet with the minimum area of contact between the bearing members 64 and the plates 58. In this way the electrical path through 70 the branches of the spring members 62 is reduced and substantially all the current carried through the flexible conductor 8|.

A second U-shaped spring clip 65 is provided beneath the spring 62. The clip 8! has upstand- 75 ing arms 86, 86 terminating in outwardly bent fingers 61, 81. The fingers are adapted to be aiming into the \oppmite grooms it. it in the lunar driemls otiihe'housinmushownm Fit. :6.

when tin oiips are thus received within 5 housing the lower learners fit arithin a cushioning piece of sheet insulation 69 held in the dlle oi the housing.

'fiieinrminalibarfl is attached on medic to the yoke and on the opposite skis toithefl conductor 6d. the spring, and the anring oib iii by means of :a ri'vet .10 so that the dome may be asseniliod iim' irmrtion into the mling as a unit.

The were: assembly has :a second lain-a1 5- I tensionioniihe temnnaibaronthe sideolbbe moire opposite horn the extension car-rm :the binding screws 54. The extension H (Rig. 4) servos a a support tor "a hirly zu-lhapui lock 32, firearms ii iii ymich are bent :inwordi! to I iomna rib and men outwardly to form flaring flanges 55. This structure is illustrated in detailin Fig. 7 where it is apparent thatthecovor iii inciomd position brings the holder 34 will its shouldem 31 inside the ribs M.

In MI aiming operation of the cover the inwm'dly projecting ends 88 of the holder the flaming flames 75 and spread the look to permit the shoulders 31 to pass by the iiiho H. The arms 18 then spring inwardly to hing he I ribs 5 'mimt the side arms 35 at the ladder thus looking theoover it! and its nuts in operative position.

It ;s to be understood that during moration'the contact plates 58 have been eausedzto' conform to the side walls of the ferrules in in manner above described and as illustratm'l in Fig. 6.

In the assembly oi thisidavioemhe car-st. is accurately pmitionod between the walls B. M by meanslof the improved hinge so that the holdors or the cartridge tune are opposite the cmiaot'or terminal members in the base.

The terminal assemblies are inserted in the base ami locked in place .by means .of the '80- gers 61.

The fuse is inserted first in the :upper holler and than in :the lower holder in .the manner already described so "that it is accurately positioned with respect to the cover and the tormim nai members.

After a line conductor has been applied to each of the terminal members the operation of cloaing the cover serves to bring the contact plltes I! in extended conducting contact with the side 85 walls 0! the fuse ferrules. In this operation the contact plates are held up into proper peeition by the resilience of the springs and with a minimum area of pressure as is most dairable;

The cut-out is held in closed or operating position by means of the spring lock 12 fitting around holder 34.

The electrical path is primarily through the contact plates 58 and the flexible web ll so that excessive current will not impair the resillence of the springs 62 or the holding property of the yoke 55.

While I have shown the preferred form of my invention for purposes of example, yet it is evident that the features of this invention are not limited to this form but may be embodied in devices of various forms and proportions within the scope of the appended claims.

What I claim is:

1. In combination, a housing for a cut-out or the like, said housing having parallel side walls, a cover for said housing, and a cover-centering pivot carried by said walls for holding the cover in predetermined spaced relation between said side walls.

2. In combination, a housing for a cut-out or the like, said housing having parallel side walls, a cover for said housing, and a pivot carried by said walls and comprising means for axially adjusting and holding the cover in predetermined spaced relation between said walls.

3. In combination, a housing for a cut-out or the like, said housing having parallel side walls, a cover for said housing, and a frictional pivot carried by said walls for holding the cover against free motion.

4. In combination, a housing, a cover hinged thereto, spaced holders on the inner surface of the cover, one of said holders having retaining means, the other holder having a pair of opposed spring arms, a fuse, a ferrule on the fuse having means fitting within the retaining means of the first mentioned holder to limit the movement of the fuse in one longitudinal direction, a second ferrule on the fuse having a circular flanged collar engaging the second mentioned holder to prevent movement of the fuse in the opposite longitudinal direction and circuit terminal members carried by the housing for engagement with said fuse when the cover is closed.

5. In combination, a housing, a cover hinged thereto, spaced holders on the inner surface of the cover, one of said holders having retaining means, a fuse, a ferrule with opposite plane sides on the fuse, and having means fitting within the retaining means of said holder, separate means on the ferrule spacing the ferrule from the cover with the plane sides perpendicular to the inner surface of the cover, the other holder having a pair of opposed spring arms, a second ferrule on the fuse engaging said spring arms, and circuit terminal members carried by the housing for engagement with the ferrules of the fuse when the cover is closed.

6. In combination, a housing, a cover hinged thereto, spaced holders on the inner surface of the cover, a fuse carried by said holders, circuit terminal members anchored in the housing for engagement with said fuse when the cover is closed, each of said members comprising a supporting yoke, outwardly extending tongues on the yoke, contact plates supported on said tongues, independent resilient means including partspherical bearing members in contact with said plates and limited in movement by the said yoke tongues, and a common conductor for said contact plates.

7. In combination, a housing, a cover hinged thereto, spaced holders on the inner surface of the cover, a fuse carried by said holders, circuit terminal members anchored in the housing for engagement with said fuse when the cover is closed, each of said members comprising a supporting yoke outwardly extending tongues on the yoke, contact plates supported on said tongues, independent resilient means in contact with said plates, a common conductor for said plates, a terminal bar, means for anchoring the terminal member in the housing and means fastening the yoke, resilient means, conductor and anchoring means to the terminal bar.

8. A terminal member for a circuit cut-out Comprising a terminal bar, a yoke mounted thereon, a contact plate supported loosely on each end of the yoke, a common flexible conductor connecting the plates to the terminal bar, and a. U-shaped spring resting on the contact plates beyond their attachment to the yoke.

9. A terminal member for a circuit cut-out comprising a terminal bar, a yoke mounted thereon, a contact plate supported loosely on each end of the yoke, a common flexible conductor connecting the plates to the terminal bar, and a U-shaped spring having part-spherical bearing members resting on the contact plates beyond their attachment to the yoke.

10. A terminal member for a circuit cut-out comprising a terminal bar, a yoke mounted thereon, a contact plate supported loosely on each end of the yoke, a common flexible conductor connecting the plates to the terminal bar, and a U-shaped spring of relatively lower conductivity than the plates and conductor, said spring bearing on the plates with a minimum area of contact and beyond the points of their attachment to the yoke.

11. A terminal member for a circuit cut-out comprising a terminal bar, a yoke mounted thereon, a contact plate supported loosely on each end of the yoke, a common flexible conductor connecting the plates to the terminal bar, a U- shaped spring bearing on the contact plates, an-

choring means, and a rivet fastening the yoke,

conductor spring and anchoring means to the terminal bar.

12. A terminal member for a circuit cut-out comprising a terminal bar, a yoke mounted thereon, outwardly extending tongues on the ends of the yoke, a contact plate supported loosely on each tongue, a common flexible conductor connecting the plates to the terminal bar, a U- shaped spring bearing on the contact plates beyond their attachment to the yoke, the said tongues serving to limit the inward movement of the spring and common means for fastening the yoke, conductor and spring to the terminal bar.

EDWIN M. MEYER.

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