US20090152120A1 - Surface treatment process for coloring metal articles - Google Patents
Surface treatment process for coloring metal articles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US20090152120A1 US20090152120A1 US12/208,440 US20844008A US2009152120A1 US 20090152120 A1 US20090152120 A1 US 20090152120A1 US 20844008 A US20844008 A US 20844008A US 2009152120 A1 US2009152120 A1 US 2009152120A1
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- metal article
- surface treatment
- treatment process
- oxide layer
- anodized
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010407 anodic oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001117 sulphuric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002815 nickel Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(ii) fluoride Chemical compound F[Ni]F DBJLJFTWODWSOF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000012266 salt solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002048 anodisation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- -1 e.g. Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010329 laser etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
- C25D11/243—Chemical after-treatment using organic dyestuffs
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/04—Anodisation of aluminium or alloys based thereon
- C25D11/18—After-treatment, e.g. pore-sealing
- C25D11/24—Chemical after-treatment
- C25D11/246—Chemical after-treatment for sealing layers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/26—Anodisation of refractory metals or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/30—Anodisation of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D11/00—Electrolytic coating by surface reaction, i.e. forming conversion layers
- C25D11/02—Anodisation
- C25D11/34—Anodisation of metals or alloys not provided for in groups C25D11/04 - C25D11/32
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D5/00—Electroplating characterised by the process; Pretreatment or after-treatment of workpieces
- C25D5/02—Electroplating of selected surface areas
Definitions
- the present invention relates to surface treatment processes for coloring metal articles.
- Metal articles made of, e.g., aluminum, magnesium, titanium, or alloys thereof, have various mechanical attributes making them popular for a wide range of applications and in many industries such as housings for mobile devices.
- Metal articles usually undergo surface treatment for improving decorative quality or surface durability.
- Anodizing is a surface treatment carried out in an anodizing solution for improving the decorative quality and/or surface durability of the metal articles.
- anodizing solution for improving the decorative quality and/or surface durability of the metal articles.
- a porous anodic oxide film is formed over the surface of the metal articles.
- the anodized metal articles are often subsequently colored to obtain decorative appearances.
- the coloring of the metal articles can be carried out in a dye solution.
- the color of the paint particles cannot be altered during coloring of the metal articles. Thus only a single-color appearance can be obtained by a combination of the anodizing process and the coloring process.
- consumers desire multi-colored metal articles.
- a surface treatment process for coloring metal articles may include the following steps.
- a metal article made of at least one of steel, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, or alloys thereof is provided. Degreased using an alkali-based cleaning solution removes oil stains on the metal article.
- the metal article is chemically polished to smooth and clear its surface.
- the metal article 10 is immersed in a chemical polishing solution typically containing phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid.
- CMP Chemical-mechanical polishing
- the metal article is processed in a first anodizing process carried out in an electrolyte containing about 180 to 200 g/l (gram per liter) sulphuric acid and metal ions less than about 20 g/l, using a direct current in an approximate range from 11 volts to 13 volts for 30 to 50 minutes.
- a first anodic metal oxide layer grows on the metal article.
- the surface of the anodized metal article is effectively the first anodic oxide layer on the original metal article.
- the metal article is colored in a first dyeing process.
- the first dyeing process can be a chemical coloring process.
- the anodized metal article is processed using in a first sealing process to improve anti-contamination performance and anti-corrosion performance of the first anodic oxide layer of the anodized metal article.
- the first sealing process is carried out, for example in a nickel salt solution, e.g. nickel acetate or nickel fluoride.
- the anodized metal article is coated by a light curable ink to form a light curable coating with a thickness of about 10 to 50 microns.
- the light curable coating may entirely cover the first anodic oxide layer of the anodized metal article.
- a flexible film is provided.
- the flexible film includes a transparent portion and a patterned portion.
- the patterned portion has been exposed and has a light opaque coating formed thereon.
- the flexible film is applied onto the anodized metal article to cover the light curable coating.
- a vacuum generator can be employed to draw out the air contained between the flexible film and the anodized metal article, thereby enabling the flexible film to be closely attached to the anodized metal article.
- the anodized metal article is exposed using an exposure machine at exposure energy of about 100 to 150 mj/cm 2 (micron joule per square centimeters).
- exposure energy about 100 to 150 mj/cm 2 (micron joule per square centimeters).
- one portion of the light curable coating covered by the transparent portion of the flexible film is cured.
- the other portion of the light curable coating covered by the patterned portion of the flexible film remains uncured.
- the flexible film is removed from the anodized metal article.
- the anodized metal article is then immersed into a photographic developer to remove the uncured light curable coating.
- the first anodic oxide layer has a first portion exposed to the environment and a second portion covered by the cured light curable coating.
- the first portion of the first anodic oxide layer is removed from the anodized metal article by a chemical etching process.
- the anodized metal article is immersed into a chemical etching solution, e.g., sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of about 40 g/l, to remove the first portion of the first anodic oxide layer, thereby exposing the metal body of the anodized metal article.
- the cured light curable coating may protect the second portion of the first anodic oxide layer from being removed. Understandably, a laser etching process can also be employed to remove the first portion of the first anodic oxide layer.
- the anodized metal article is processed in a second anodizing process.
- the exposed metal body of the anodized metal article is anodized, thereby forming a second anodic oxide layer on the exposed metal body of the anodized metal article.
- the metal article is colored in a second dyeing process, to color the surface of the anodized metal article defined by the second anodic oxide layer.
- the second dyeing process can be a chemical coloring process.
- the second anodic oxide layer of the anodized metal article is sealed in a second sealing process that may be carried out in a nickel salt solution, e.g. nickel acetate or nickel fluoride.
- a nickel salt solution e.g. nickel acetate or nickel fluoride.
- the cured light curable coating covering the second portion of the first anodic oxide layer is removed by a release agent.
- a metal article with a surface having two-colors can be obtained.
- steps 6-14 can be repeated, as desired to thereby obtain a metal article having a surface with more than two colors.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Printing Plates And Materials Therefor (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- 1. Field of the Invention
- The present invention relates to surface treatment processes for coloring metal articles.
- 2. Description of Related Art
- Metal articles made of, e.g., aluminum, magnesium, titanium, or alloys thereof, have various mechanical attributes making them popular for a wide range of applications and in many industries such as housings for mobile devices. Metal articles usually undergo surface treatment for improving decorative quality or surface durability.
- Anodizing is a surface treatment carried out in an anodizing solution for improving the decorative quality and/or surface durability of the metal articles. During anodization of the metal articles, a porous anodic oxide film is formed over the surface of the metal articles. The anodized metal articles are often subsequently colored to obtain decorative appearances. The coloring of the metal articles can be carried out in a dye solution. However, the color of the paint particles cannot be altered during coloring of the metal articles. Thus only a single-color appearance can be obtained by a combination of the anodizing process and the coloring process. However, consumers desire multi-colored metal articles.
- Therefore, a surface treatment process for coloring metal articles is desired.
- In a present embodiment, a surface treatment process for coloring metal articles may include the following steps.
- In a first step, a metal article made of at least one of steel, aluminum, titanium, magnesium, or alloys thereof is provided. Degreased using an alkali-based cleaning solution removes oil stains on the metal article.
- In a second step, the metal article is chemically polished to smooth and clear its surface. During the chemical polishing step, the metal article 10 is immersed in a chemical polishing solution typically containing phosphoric acid and sulfuric acid. Chemical-mechanical polishing (CMP) processes are well known.
- In a third step, the metal article is processed in a first anodizing process carried out in an electrolyte containing about 180 to 200 g/l (gram per liter) sulphuric acid and metal ions less than about 20 g/l, using a direct current in an approximate range from 11 volts to 13 volts for 30 to 50 minutes. As electrolysis proceeds, a first anodic metal oxide layer grows on the metal article. After anodizing, the surface of the anodized metal article is effectively the first anodic oxide layer on the original metal article.
- In a fourth step, the metal article is colored in a first dyeing process. The first dyeing process can be a chemical coloring process.
- In a fifth step, the anodized metal article is processed using in a first sealing process to improve anti-contamination performance and anti-corrosion performance of the first anodic oxide layer of the anodized metal article. The first sealing process is carried out, for example in a nickel salt solution, e.g. nickel acetate or nickel fluoride.
- In a sixth step, the anodized metal article is coated by a light curable ink to form a light curable coating with a thickness of about 10 to 50 microns. The light curable coating may entirely cover the first anodic oxide layer of the anodized metal article.
- In a seventh step, a flexible film is provided. The flexible film includes a transparent portion and a patterned portion. The patterned portion has been exposed and has a light opaque coating formed thereon. The flexible film is applied onto the anodized metal article to cover the light curable coating. A vacuum generator can be employed to draw out the air contained between the flexible film and the anodized metal article, thereby enabling the flexible film to be closely attached to the anodized metal article.
- In an eighth step, the anodized metal article is exposed using an exposure machine at exposure energy of about 100 to 150 mj/cm2 (micron joule per square centimeters). During exposure of the anodized metal article, one portion of the light curable coating covered by the transparent portion of the flexible film is cured. The other portion of the light curable coating covered by the patterned portion of the flexible film remains uncured.
- In a ninth step, the flexible film is removed from the anodized metal article. The anodized metal article is then immersed into a photographic developer to remove the uncured light curable coating. Thus, the first anodic oxide layer has a first portion exposed to the environment and a second portion covered by the cured light curable coating.
- In a tenth step, the first portion of the first anodic oxide layer is removed from the anodized metal article by a chemical etching process. During the chemical etching process, the anodized metal article is immersed into a chemical etching solution, e.g., sodium hydroxide solution at a concentration of about 40 g/l, to remove the first portion of the first anodic oxide layer, thereby exposing the metal body of the anodized metal article. The cured light curable coating may protect the second portion of the first anodic oxide layer from being removed. Understandably, a laser etching process can also be employed to remove the first portion of the first anodic oxide layer.
- In an eleventh step, the anodized metal article is processed in a second anodizing process. The exposed metal body of the anodized metal article is anodized, thereby forming a second anodic oxide layer on the exposed metal body of the anodized metal article.
- In a twelfth step, the metal article is colored in a second dyeing process, to color the surface of the anodized metal article defined by the second anodic oxide layer. The second dyeing process can be a chemical coloring process.
- In a thirteenth step, the second anodic oxide layer of the anodized metal article is sealed in a second sealing process that may be carried out in a nickel salt solution, e.g. nickel acetate or nickel fluoride.
- In a fourteenth step, the cured light curable coating covering the second portion of the first anodic oxide layer is removed by a release agent. As the metal article is processed in two different dyeing processes (i.e., the first dyeing process and the second dyeing process), a metal article with a surface having two-colors can be obtained.
- It should be understood that the steps 6-14 can be repeated, as desired to thereby obtain a metal article having a surface with more than two colors.
- It should be also understood, however, that even though numerous characteristics and advantages of the present embodiments have been set forth in the foregoing description, together with details of the structures and functions of the embodiments, the disclosure is illustrative only, and changes may be made in detail, especially in matters of shape, size, and arrangement of parts within the principles of the invention to the full extent indicated by the broad general meaning of the terms in which the appended claims are expressed.
Claims (17)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CNA200710203082XA CN101457380A (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2007-12-14 | Metallic surface anode treatment method |
CN200710203082.X | 2007-12-14 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US20090152120A1 true US20090152120A1 (en) | 2009-06-18 |
Family
ID=40751784
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US12/208,440 Abandoned US20090152120A1 (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2008-09-11 | Surface treatment process for coloring metal articles |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20090152120A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN101457380A (en) |
Cited By (12)
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US20110308961A1 (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-12-22 | Compal Electronics, Inc. | Pattern processing method of a workpiece's surface |
US20130208074A1 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2013-08-15 | Electro Scientific, Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reliably laser marking articles |
US8761216B2 (en) | 2010-02-11 | 2014-06-24 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reliably laser marking articles |
US20160169262A1 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-06-16 | Lisi Aerospace | Metal attachment |
US9970080B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2018-05-15 | Apple Inc. | Micro-alloying to mitigate the slight discoloration resulting from entrained metal in anodized aluminum surface finishes |
US9988731B2 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2018-06-05 | Printgoal Technology Co., Ltd. | Colored metal films and methods of manufacturing thereof |
US10112263B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2018-10-30 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reliably laser marking articles |
US10174436B2 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2019-01-08 | Apple Inc. | Process for enhanced corrosion protection of anodized aluminum |
US11111594B2 (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2021-09-07 | Apple Inc. | Processes to reduce interfacial enrichment of alloying elements under anodic oxide films and improve anodized appearance of heat treatable alloys |
US11242614B2 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2022-02-08 | Apple Inc. | Oxide coatings for providing corrosion resistance on parts with edges and convex features |
US11352708B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2022-06-07 | Apple Inc. | Colored multilayer oxide coatings |
US11549191B2 (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2023-01-10 | Apple Inc. | Corrosion resistance for anodized parts having convex surface features |
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2007
- 2007-12-14 CN CNA200710203082XA patent/CN101457380A/en active Pending
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2008
- 2008-09-11 US US12/208,440 patent/US20090152120A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20130208074A1 (en) * | 2010-02-11 | 2013-08-15 | Electro Scientific, Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reliably laser marking articles |
US8761216B2 (en) | 2010-02-11 | 2014-06-24 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reliably laser marking articles |
US20110308961A1 (en) * | 2010-06-21 | 2011-12-22 | Compal Electronics, Inc. | Pattern processing method of a workpiece's surface |
US10112263B2 (en) | 2010-06-25 | 2018-10-30 | Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. | Method and apparatus for reliably laser marking articles |
US20160169262A1 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2016-06-16 | Lisi Aerospace | Metal attachment |
US10851825B2 (en) * | 2013-07-19 | 2020-12-01 | Lisi Aerospace | Metal attachment |
US9988731B2 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2018-06-05 | Printgoal Technology Co., Ltd. | Colored metal films and methods of manufacturing thereof |
US11111594B2 (en) | 2015-01-09 | 2021-09-07 | Apple Inc. | Processes to reduce interfacial enrichment of alloying elements under anodic oxide films and improve anodized appearance of heat treatable alloys |
US9970080B2 (en) | 2015-09-24 | 2018-05-15 | Apple Inc. | Micro-alloying to mitigate the slight discoloration resulting from entrained metal in anodized aluminum surface finishes |
US10174436B2 (en) | 2016-04-06 | 2019-01-08 | Apple Inc. | Process for enhanced corrosion protection of anodized aluminum |
US11352708B2 (en) | 2016-08-10 | 2022-06-07 | Apple Inc. | Colored multilayer oxide coatings |
US11242614B2 (en) | 2017-02-17 | 2022-02-08 | Apple Inc. | Oxide coatings for providing corrosion resistance on parts with edges and convex features |
US11549191B2 (en) | 2018-09-10 | 2023-01-10 | Apple Inc. | Corrosion resistance for anodized parts having convex surface features |
Also Published As
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CN101457380A (en) | 2009-06-17 |
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