US20060185291A1

US20060185291A1 - Thermal Insulated Building Element

Info

Publication number: US20060185291A1
Application number: US10/540,942
Authority: US
Inventors: Laszlo Mathe
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2002-12-30
Filing date: 2003-04-08
Publication date: 2006-08-24
Also published as: AU2003224338A1; ATE364763T1; DE60314459T2; EP1583873B1; EP1583873A1; CA2512211A1; DE60314459D1; US20120311949A1; IL169473A; CA2512211C; WO2004059099A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a thermal insulated building element, which together with connecting elements is suitable for making a building system quickly, which is also suitable for housing and extract fastening of any reinforcement. The thermal insulated element according to the invention has polystyrene elements with a loadboarding part containing a metal framework between the polystyrene elements said loadbearing part is filled with concrete in-site, furthermore has connecting elements joining the polystyrene elements, which is characterized by that, connecting elements joining the polystyrene elements (1) are plastic connecting elements (19) where fastening holes (8) serving joining the polystyrene elements as well as the nests (20) joining a framework (18) in a space (30) between the polystyrene elements are formed.

Description

The invention relates to a thermal insulated building element, which together with connecting elements is suitable for making a building system quickly, which is also suitable for housing and exact fastening of any reinforcement.
Due to the development of building technologies, introducing of new materials, great changes have taken place in the building industry. The requirement of proper thermal insulation values in building systems providing high quality buildings in a short time is an ordinary claim nowadays. The most frequently used material in the construction industry is still concrete as the proper thermal insulation of concrete can be ensured.
In the state of art Hungarian utility model HU U 2348 makes known a thermal insulated building element. Here the solution is, that the building element is covered with polystyrene panels on both outer and inner sides, and the space between the polystyrene panels on the outer and inner sides is filled with load-bearing concrete and occasionally reinforcement is put into the concrete. The parallel polystyrene panels on the outer and inner sides are fixed by connecting cross clamps and on the side edges of the polystyrene panels groove profile and bolt profiles fitting each other are formed.
The characteristics of the solution made known there is, that the connecting cross clamps have rectangular cross section, the thickness of which is preferably 1.5-5 mm, width 20-50 mm and there are perforations of 6-12.5 mm size in the middle line of the width corresponding with the thickness of the building element in the distance of 120, 250, 300, 360 mm and at each end of the cross clamp holes of circular shape housing the closing pipe or section holes housing the closing bolt are formed. In the polystyrene panel there are holes of vertical position from the inner side towards the outer side conforming with the rectangular section of the connecting cross clamps, into which the connecting cross clamps are pushed in the position of connecting the polystyrene panel and there are parallel circle shape holes or section shape holes of horizontal position in the outer side of the polystyrene panel going through the opening crosswise, closing pipes or closing bolts fastening the polystyrene panels are fixed to the hole of circle or section shape and at the side edges of the polystyrene panels there are protruding ribs on both sides of the bolt-profile, whereas on both sides of the groove profile there are arched, lengthwise channels.
German publication DE 196 33 111 makes known a connecting element, made preferably of recycled plastic, which is applied on the outer and inner surface of a case element in the form of a T-shape slot, distributed above the whole surface and fixed to each other in a stabile way. Due to the bit surface of connection during casting of concrete of filling in of concrete no deformation occurs.
A lightened multipurpose structure, preferably with interior skeletal frame and formwork is made known in Hungarian patent application P 98 03027 published on 29 Jan. 2001, which consists of concrete or reinforced concrete load-bearing structure made between formwork, It is characterized by that, it consists of formwork not to be removed serving as building elements and concrete or reinforced concrete structures created by joining the elements beside each other in the spaces and the building elements provide for one or more outer of the building structure as formwork not to be removed.
This application makes known furthermore a building element to be applied in a building structure, which building element comprises bodies of plane and/or broken and/or curved surface or joining surfaces of hollow or partially hollow bodies. The building element is characterized by that, it has at least one outer surface forming the surface of the building structure and has furthermore an inner surface, and has at least one complex rib-surface, the value of the angle of which is 90°≧γ>0°, preferably an acute angle, for example 5° . . . 15°. In the building element on this part of the rib-surface the size of the section surface parallel with the outer building surface is increasing and one part or the whole of the section of the rib-surface is point-symmetrical. There is a part of the outer building surface, the shape of which is a K side polygon, where K≧3, for example a triangle, square, pentagon, hexagon.
When working out the solution according to the invention we aimed to realize a thermal insulated building element, which ensures placement of any reinforcement beside ensuring quick and easy process.
Working out the solution we realized, that if we connect elements made of polystyrene foam and joined with specially shaped connecting elements, which can ensure suitable placement and location of any reinforcement while necessary space of polystyrene element is ensured, then the set aim can be achieved.
The invention is a thermal insulated building element, which has joined polystyrene elements with a loadbearing part containing a metal framework between the polystyrene elements said loadbearing part is filled with concrete in-site, furthermore has connecting elements joining the polystyrene elements, which is characterized by that, connecting elements joining the polystyrene elements (1) are plastic connecting elements (19) where fastening holes (8) serving joining the polystyrene elements (1) as well as nests (20) joining a framework (18) in a space (30) between the polystyrene elements (1) are formed.
In one of the preferred embodiments of the building element according to the invention the nests placed in the connecting element have flexible fastening projections.
In another preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention fastening holes in the connecting element are circular or section shaped.
In a further preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention framework is a steel mesh frame and/or inner skeletal frame.
The invention furthermore is a thermal insulated building element which has polystyrene elements placed parallel with each other and connected with each other, has a loadbearing space part including a framework, which is filled in-site with concrete between the polystyrene elements and it has connecting elements joining polystyrene elements, which is characterized by that, the skeletal frame comprises parallel lengthwise elements and stiffener elements connecting lengthwise elements and connecting elements joining polystyrene elements have head and projection and the head of the connecting elements joins the parallel lengthwise elements of the framework, furthermore the projection of the connecting elements is joined the polystyrene elements with a fastening hole.
In one of the preferred embodiments of the building element according to the invention the stiffener elements joining the lengthwise elements are placed slanted, in waveform or perpendicularly, ladderform between the lengthwise elements.
In another preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention the material of the connecting stiffener elements is steel bar, which is connected with the lengthwise elements by welding.
In a further preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention the parallel lengthwise element of the skeletal frame is one or two steel bars of circular diameter and in the head of the connecting element joining the lengthwise elements there is a nest which can house one or two lengthwise elements of circular diameter.
In a further preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention the parallel lengthwise element of the skeletal frame is a C section steel and on the head of the connecting element joining the lengthwise element a head end fluted on two sides joining the C section of the lengthwise element is formed.
In a further preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention the adjoining polystyrene elements are connected with a flexible connecting element the straining profiles of which join a groove formed at the edge of the polystyrene elements.
In a further preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention in the inner surface of polystyrene elements (1) opposite each other a hollow (28) serving the forming of a vertical piller is made.
In a further preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention in the inner surface of polystyrene elements (1) opposite each other a hollow (27) serving the forming of a horizontal girdle is made.
The solution according to the invention is set forth by the following description with the accompanying drawings wherein:
FIG. 1 shows the lateral view of one of the preferred embodiments of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 2 shows A-A section of the embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 3 shows perspective view of A-A section of the embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 4 shows enlarged view of “B” detail of the embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 1.
FIG. 5 shows lateral view of the framework with mesh frame in the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 6 shows top view of the framework with mesh frame shown in FIG. 5
FIG. 7 shows perspective of the framework with mesh fame according to FIG. 5.
FIG. 8 shows top view of the connecting element with head of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 9 shows lateral view of the connecting element with head of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 10 shows perspective of the connecting element with head of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 11 shows lateral view of another preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 12 shows top view of another preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 13 shows C-C section of the preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 11.
FIG. 14 shows perspective of C-C section of the preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 11.
FIG. 15 shows the enlarged view of part “D” of the preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 11.
FIG. 16 shows the front elevation of the framework placed into the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 17 shows the top view of the framework placed into the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 18 shows the perspective of the framework shown in FIG. 16.
FIG. 19 shows the top view of another preferred embodiment of the connecting element of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 20 shows the lateral view of another preferred embodiment of the connecting element of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 21 shows the perspective of another preferred embodiment of the connecting element of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 22 shows the lateral view of a third preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention
FIG. 23 shows E-E section of the building element according to FIG. 22.
FIG. 24 shows the enlarged view of detail F of the building element shown in FIG. 23.
FIG. 25 shows the perspective of a third preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 26 shows the elevation of the embodiment of the connecting element of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 27 shows the lateral view of the connecting element shown in FIG. 22.
FIG. 28 shows the perspective of the connecting element shown in FIG. 22.
FIG. 29 shows the front elevation of another embodiment of the connecting element shown in FIG. 22 of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 30 shows the lateral view of the connecting element shown in FIG. 29.
FIG. 31 shows the perspective of the connecting element shown in FIG. 29.
FIG. 32 shows the elevation of the embodiment of the connecting element ensuring fastening of the building elements.
FIG. 33 shows the perspective of the connecting element ensuring fastening of the building elements.
FIG. 34 shows the embodiment of the building element according to the invention with higher thermal insulation values.
FIG. 35 shows the top view of the building element according to FIG. 34.
FIG. 36 shows the view from G-G section of the building element according to FIG. 34.
FIG. 37 shows the perspective from G-G section of the building element according to FIG. 34.
FIG. 38 shows the lateral view of a possible embodiment of the girdle element joining the building element shown in FIG. 34.
FIG. 39 shows the top view of the girdle element according to FIG. 38.
FIG. 40 shows elevation view from H-H section of the girdle element according to FIG. 38.
FIG. 41 shows perspective from H-H section of the girdle element according to FIG. 38.
FIG. 42 shows the lateral view of a possible embodiment of the girdle element joining the building element shown in FIG. 38 with the framework
FIG. 43 shows the top view of the girdle element joining the building element shown in FIG. 42 with the framework.
FIG. 44 shows the elevation view from I-I section of the girdle element joining the building element with the framework.
FIG. 45 shows the perspective from I-I section of the building element with the framework.
FIG. 46 shows a possible embodiment of the building in of the building element according to the invention.
FIG. 1 shows the lateral view of one of the preferred embodiments of the building element according to the invention. The figure shows the connecting elements 2 with head placed in the polystyrene elements 1 provided with groove 3, furthermore the space 30 between the polystyrene elements 1 into which the properly positioned framework 4 of mesh frame shape is placed
FIG. 2 shows A-A section of the embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 1. The figure shows the polystyrene element 1 in which the proper location of the connecting element 2 with head ensures the positioning of the framework 4 with mesh frame according to measurement.
FIG. 3 shows perspective view of A-A section of the embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 1. Fastening of the connecting element 2 with head into the polystyrene element 1 takes place with the connecting holes formed in the polystyrene element 1 in a way, that a clamping profile 17 is placed through the fastening holes 8 formed on the connecting elements 2 placed in the polystyrene element 1.
FIG. 4 shows enlarged view of “B” detail of the embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 1. The figure shows the framework 4 with mesh frame placed in the connecting element 2 with head located in the polystyrene elements 1 provided with groove 3. The geometric form of the connecting element 2 with head is such form, that the lengthwise element 11 of the framework 4 can be easily slipped into the nest 6 of the connecting element 2.
FIG. 5 shows lateral view of framework 4 with mesh frame in the building element according to the invention. FIG. 6 shows top view of the framework 4 with mesh frame shown in FIG. 5. FIG. 7 shows perspective of the framework with mesh frame according to FIG. 5. When forming the framework 4 with mesh frame our principle was to ensure, that beside statical measurements the framework 4 with mesh frame should be in accordance with the geometric shape of the connecting element 2 with head.
FIG. 8 shows top view of the connecting element 2 with head of the building element according to the invention. FIG. 9 shows lateral view of the connecting element 2 with head of the building element according to the invention. FIG. 10 shows perspective of the connecting element 2 with head of the building element according to the invention Fastening of the connecting element 2 with head in the polystyrene element 1 takes place with the help of the projection 7. The framework 4 with mesh frame is located with slipping in the nest 6 of the head 5. The fixing of the connecting element 2 with head in the polystyrene element 1 is ensured by the clamping profile 17 put into the fastening hole 8 formed in the projection 7.
FIG. 11 shows lateral view of another preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention. The figure shows the polystyrene elements 1 with the connecting elements 2. The skeletal frame 10 is placed into the space 30 between the polystyrene elements 1.
FIG. 12 shows top view of another preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention. Positioning of the connecting elements 2 in the polystyrene elements 1 is ensured through the connecting holes formed in the polystyrene element 1 as well as with the help of the clamping profile 17 led through the fastening hole 8 in the connecting element 2. In the space 30 between the polystyrene elements 1 placing of the skeletal frame 10 of steel takes place with the help of connecting elements 2.
FIG. 13 shows C-C section of the preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 14 shows perspective of C-C section of the preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 11. FIG. 15 shows the enlarged view of part “D” of the preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention shown in FIG. 11. According to the figure placement of the lengthwise element 11 of the skeletal frame 10 takes place in the connecting element 2 located in the polystyrene element 1. Positioning of the connecting element 2 takes place with the help of the clamping profile 17.
FIG. 16 shows the front elevation of the framework 10 placed into the building element according to the invention. FIG. 17 shows the top view of the framework 10 according to FIG. 16. FIG. 18 shows the perspective of the framework 10 shown in FIG. 16. In case of framework 10 the lengthwise elements 11 running on both sides are connected by the stiffener element 12.
FIG. 19 shows the top view of another preferred embodiment of the connecting element 2 of the building element according to the invention FIG. 20 shows the lateral view of another preferred embodiment of the connecting element 2 of the building element 1 according to the invention. FIG. 21 shows the perspective of another preferred embodiment of the connecting element 2 of the building element according to the invention. Through the projection 7 of the connecting element 2 as well as the fastening hole 8 formed in it is positioned and fixed in the polystyrene element 1 with the help of the clamping profile 17. The head 5 of the connecting element 2 is formed in a way, that the lengthwise element 11 of the framework 10 can slip into the groove 14 formed on the head 5 and the head end 15 of the head 5 comes to the lengthwise element 11 of C section, which ensures stabile fixing of the connecting element 2 and the skeletal frame 10.
FIG. 22 shows the lateral view of a third preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention. FIG. 23 shows E-E section of the building element according to FIG. 22. The figure shows polystyrene elements 1 in the connecting elements 19, into which placing and positioning of the framework 18 takes place. Fixing of connecting elements 19 into polystyrene elements 1 takes place with the clamping profiles 17. Joining of polystyrene elements 1 each other is ensured with the help of connecting element 21.
FIG. 24 shows the enlarged view of detail F of the building element shown in FIG. 23. The figure shows the connecting element 21 placed into polystyrene element 1.
FIG. 25 shows the perspective of a third preferred embodiment of the building element according to the invention. Connecting of polystyrene elements 1 and positioning of the framework 18 is done with the help of the connecting elements 19 and fixing of the connecting elements takes place with the help of the clamping profiles 17 into the polystyrene element 1.
FIG. 26 shows the elevation of the embodiment of the connecting element of the building element according to the invention. FIG. 27 shows the lateral view of the connecting element shown in FIG. 22. FIG. 28 shows the perspective of the connecting element shown in FIG. 22. The nest 20 was formed in the connecting element 19 placement of stiffener element 12 of the framework 18 takes place with a simple flipping. Fastening hole 8 was formed in connecting element 19 ensuring positioning of connecting element 19 in polystyrene element 1 with the help of the clamping profile 17 led through it.
FIG. 29 shows the front elevation of another embodiment of the connecting element shown in FIG. 22 of the building element according to the invention. FIG. 30 shows the lateral view of the connecting element shown in FIG. 29. FIG. 31 shows the perspective of the connecting element shown in FIG. 29. This case for positioning of the clamping profile 17 a profile opening 23 was formed. We aimed to make easier placing of clamping profile 17 by forming the profile opening 23.
FIG. 32 shows the elevation of the connecting element ensuring fastening of the building elements to each other. FIG. 33 shows the perspective of the connecting element 21 ensuring fastening of the building elements. The straining profiles 25 of the connecting element 21 as well as the narrow part 24. Placing of the connecting element 21 into the polystyrene elements 1 takes place as follows: The flexible connecting element is placed into one of the grooves 3 formed on the edge of one of the polystyrene elements 1, which is flexibly fixed with the straining profile 25 in the groove 3. Joining of the building elements according to the invention takes place with placing the connecting elements 21 to the sides of the polystyrene elements 1, then the adjoining polystyrene element 1 with the groove 3 on its side fit into this polystyrene element 1 and push it on to the connection profile 21. This way the adjoining building elements are fixed without shifting, which gives sufficient hold and positioning during compiling and filling with concrete.
FIG. 34 shows another possible embodiment of the building element according to the invention. FIG. 35 shows the top view of the building element according to FIG. 34. FIG. 36 shows the view from G-G section of the building element according to FIG. 34. FIG. 37 shows the perspective from G-G section of the building element according to FIG. 34. In case we aim to get higher thermal insulation values then increasing of the wall thickness of the polystyrene element makes it possible. This case in order to ensure statical stability of the wall a hollow 28 suitable for forming a vertical piller is formed in the polystyrene element 1. Building of the wall takes place according to the method described according to the invention.
FIG. 38 shows the lateral view of a possible embodiment of the girdle element joining the building element shown in FIG. 34. FIG. 39 shows the top view of the girdle element according to FIG. 38. FIG. 40 shows elevation view from H-H section of the girdle element according to FIG. 38. FIG. 41 shows perspective from H-H section of the girdle element according to FIG. 38. FIG. 42 shows the lateral view of a possible embodiment of the girdle element joining the building element shown in FIG. 38 with the framework. FIG. 43 shows the top view of the girdle element joining the building element shown in FIG. 42 with the framework. FIG. 44 shows the elevation view from I-I section of the girdle element joining the building element with the framework. FIG. 45 shows the perspective from I-I section of the building element with the framework. We had to take into consideration when creating the thermal insulated building element shown in FIG. 34, that in case of the basic formation, the solution is not suitable for malting a girdle. To make it possible, we apply a possible embodiment of the formwork according to the invention. It can be seen in the figure, that a hollow 27 suitable for housing the relative reinforcement and forming the girdle is formed in the girdle 26 elements. The girdle 26 elements are connected with the connecting element 19, on which the framework 18 is placed.
FIG. 46 shows a possible embodiment of the building-in of the building element according to the invention. In special purpose buildings, such as very tall buildings, or freezing houses beside keeping thermal insulation characteristics keeping structural parameters is also necessary. It can be ensured by the solution according to the invention such a way, that the polystyrene elements 1 and the connecting elements 19 as well as with the help of the framework 18 solutions in accordance with statical structural measurements.
In case of a possible preferable embodiment of the solution according to the invention formation of the interim supports of the skeletal frame takes place with the help of a steel bar led between the parallel guiding elements in wave-form. Another possible preferable embodiment is, when forming of the interim supports of the skeletal frame is solved by a ladder-like straight connection between the parallel guiding elements.
Connecting of the lateral and bottom-top edges of the polystyrene elements is solved by a long plastic strap, which is put into the lengthwise groove made into the edges of the polystyrene elements, and when pushed together it flips into the edges of the polystyrene elements and flexibly closing there. When assembly takes place, the reinforcement is simply pushed between the polystyrene walls 1, then the plastic straps are pushed as well. This solution makes possible the application of the prefabricated interior reinforcements, for example application of steel grid. Notches in the walls and sides of the polystyrene element walls are formed with heat cut or grooving.
The advantage of the solution according to the invention is, that it makes possible easy and quick production of various thermal insulated walls in-site. Structural formation makes possible beside simple and durable connecting of polystyrene elements the placing and positioning of several reinforcements, grids, loadbearing structures.

Claims

1. Thermal insulated building element, which has joined polystyrene elements with a loadbearing part containing a metal framework between the polystyrene elements said loadbearing part is filled with concrete in-site, furthermore has connecting elements joining the polystyrene elements,

characterized by that,

connecting elements joining the polystyrene elements (1) are plastic connecting elements (19) where fastening holes (8) serving joining the polystyrene elements (1) as well as nests (20) joining a framework (18) in a space (30) between the polystyrene elements (1) are formed.

2. Building element according to claim 1 characterized by that, the nests (20) placed in the connecting element (19) have flexible fastening projections (21).

3. Building element according to claim 1 characterized by that, fastening holes (8) in the connecting element (19) are circular or section shaped.

4. Building element according to claim 1 characterized by that, framework (4) is a steel mesh frame and/or inner skeletal frame.

5. Thermal insulated building element which has polystyrene elements placed parallel with each other and connected with each other, has a loadbearing space part including a framework which is filled in-site with concrete between the polystyrene elements and it has connecting elements joining polystyrene elements,

characterized by that,

the skeletal frame (10) comprises parallel lengthwise elements (11) and stiffener elements (12) connecting lengthwise elements (11) and connecting elements (2) joining polystyrene elements (1) have a head (5) and a projection (16) and the head (5) of the connecting elements (2) joins the parallel lengthwise elements (11) of the framework, furthermore the projection (16) of the connecting elements (2) is joined the polystyrene elements (1) with a fastening hole (8).

6. Building element according to claim 5 characterized by that, the stiffener elements (12) joining the lengthwise elements (11) are placed slanted, in waveform or perpendicularly, ladderform between the lengthwise elements (11).

7. Building element according to claim 6 characterized by that, the material of the connecting stiffener elements (12) is steel bar, which is connected with the lengthwise elements (11) by welding.

8. Building element according to claim 5 characterized by that, the parallel lengthwise element (11) of the skeletal frame (10) is one or two steel bars of circular diameter and in the head (5) of the connecting element (2) joining the lengthwise elements (11) there is a nest (6) which can house one or two lengthwise elements (11) of circular diameter.

9. Building element according to claim 5 characterized by that, the parallel lengthwise element (11) of the skeletal frame (10) is a C section steel and on the head (5) of the connecting element (2) joining the lengthwise element (11) a head end (15) fluted on two sides joining the C section of the lengthwise element (11) is formed.

10. Building element according to claim 1 characterized by that, the adjoining polystyrene elements (1) are connected with a flexible connecting element (21) the straining profiles (25) of which join a groove (3) formed at the edge of the polystyrene elements (1).

11. Building element according claim 1 characterized by that, in the inner surface of polystyrene elements (1) opposite each other a hollow (28) serving the forming of a vertical piller is made.

12. Building element according to claim 1 characterized by that, in the inner surface of polystyrene elements (1) opposite each other a hollow (27) serving the forming of a horizontal girdle is made.