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US1982355A - Gas blast switch - Google Patents

Gas blast switch Download PDF

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Publication number
US1982355A
US1982355A US690682A US69068233A US1982355A US 1982355 A US1982355 A US 1982355A US 690682 A US690682 A US 690682A US 69068233 A US69068233 A US 69068233A US 1982355 A US1982355 A US 1982355A
Authority
US
United States
Prior art keywords
contacts
gas
blast
chamber
passage
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
US690682A
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English (en)
Inventor
Ruppel Sigwart
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Individual
Original Assignee
Individual
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US381945A external-priority patent/US1947230A/en
Priority to GB24047/29A priority Critical patent/GB316952A/en
Application filed by Individual filed Critical Individual
Priority to US690682A priority patent/US1982355A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of US1982355A publication Critical patent/US1982355A/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Lifetime legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7038—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle
    • H01H33/7046—Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by a conducting tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle having special gas flow directing elements, e.g. grooves, extensions

Definitions

  • Fig. l is a fragmentary view, partly in section, of switch contact structure embodying one form of my invention
  • Fig. 2 is a view taken along the section line 2-2 of Fig. 1
  • Fig. 3 is a view, partly in section, of aI double break switch illustrating another form of my invention
  • Fig. 4 is an elevational view, partly in section, of a modified form of my invention
  • Fig. 5 is a plan view in section of the structure shown along line 5-5 of Fig. 4
  • vFig. 6 is a view similar to Fig. 4 showing the switch lin the open circuit position.
  • FIG. 1 and 2 A gas blast arrangement for interrupting arcs formed upon opening of a circuit is shown in Figs.. 1 and 2 and comprises a multiple series.
  • each break being simultaneously sub- Jected to a radial gas blast.
  • the switchl contacts of ⁇ a single break are arranged to separate the gas blast therethrough so that at some particular moment' the arc is subjected to conditions l most. ⁇ favorab1e to interruption thereof. l
  • the arrangement in Figs. 1 and, 2 comprises a pair of disc-like members 1 and 2 having complementary configurations and coacting in a manner hereinafter described to form both the switch casing and relatively movable contact structure.
  • the disc-like members 1 and 2 have formed therein bulged portions l' and 2', respectively, arranged so that when the members are superimposed and in contact, the bulged portion of one disc and-the corresponding portion of the other disc form a nozzle-shaped chamber between the same. This is clearly shown in Fig. 1, the throat portion of each nozzle-shaped chamber being closed when the circuit is complete.
  • the coacting contacts 3 and 4 of each set are arranged in pairs and are mounted on the discs 1 and 2, respectively, adjacent the restricted part of the corresponding nozzle-shaped chamber.
  • the contacts upon separation thereof l are accordingly in the path of a high velocity blast when gas is directed from said chamber to exhaust through said restricted part.
  • the outer portions of the discs may be arched to form side walls 5 of such dimensions that the coacting walls overlap in the closed position of the switch. It will, therefore, be seen that during the initial switch opening movement when the disc members are moved laterally away from each other the coacting wall members still confine flow of gas within the nozzle-like chambers.
  • 'I'he blast for extinguishing arcing is supplied from any suitable source of pressure as indicated by the pipe 6 which is in communication with the central ychamber 7 formed by ther members l and 2.
  • the gas under pressure is deected, as by a cone-shaped member 8 mounted on the disc 1, and flows radially towards the periphery of each disc where it is divided into three jets exhausting through the respective nozzle-shaped chambers and across the arcs formed between the contacts at the throat passages.
  • the disc member 1 may be guided for lateral movement, as by a guide rod 9, so that the force of the blast entering the central chamber 'I causes separation of the disc members 1 and 2. It will be apparent that the member 1 may be suitably biased, as by a spring (not shown), into engagement with the coacting member 2.
  • the blast from the central chamber 'I is directed across each pair of contacts 3 and 4 immediately upon separation thereof in a most effective manner since the contacts are located ad/jacent the restricted or throat portion of the chamber where the arcrupturing action of the ⁇ blast is most effective.
  • the nozzle-shaped chambers confine the gasblast only during initial separation of the-contacts, the blast during this period is generally suilicient to interrupt arcing.
  • 'I'he coacting pairs of contacts 3 and 4 may be formed of any suitable material, as copper or tungsten for example, and are preferably stream lined in shape as illustrated by Fig. 2 so that minimum resistance is offered to the flow of gas through the nozzle-like passages. 'I'hey may also be constructed so that they conform almost completely to the outline of the switch casing. Auxiliary arcing contacts of material resistant to vaporization may also be provided if desired.
  • each ydisc may be provided with radial ribs forming the wall structure of the nozzle-like passages.
  • the disc members may be covered with insulation, as ceramic pair of disc members.
  • Fig.- 2 shows more clearly a triple break arrangement, it being obvious that the breaks may be either in series or in parallel, or if desired, as single breaks in a three-phase circuit.
  • Flexible conductors (not shown) may be used in a wellknown manner to connect the respective contacts in the circuit, or circuits, to be controlled as desired.
  • switches as disconnect switches in high tension transmission systems for example, may involve the interruption of a high tension, low current arc in air.
  • the arc is generally rapidly lengthened in air along horn vgaps or the like until the arc finally breaks.
  • the arc may persist requiring several reclosures and openings before the arc breaks.
  • the application of the gas blast principle to this type of switch is particularly advantageous since a low current arc is readily disrupted and extinguished by the gas blast.
  • Fig. 3 discloses a disconnect switch embodying the principles disclosed by Figs. 1 and 2.
  • this arrangement there are two breaks in series, one break formed by a pair of coacting disc members 10 and 11 generally of the character above described and the other break by a similar pair of members 12 and 13.
  • An annular passage, nozzleshaped incross section is formed by the complementary coniigurations of the disc member of each pair when the same are separated.
  • the members 11 and 13 are mounted upon and' interconnected by a conducting bridging arm 14 pivotally mounted as at 15 so that rotation of the arm 14 causes engagement and disengagement of the coacting pairs of disc members.
  • The. arrangement may be such that the series breaks are disposed in a straight line, as where lateral movement of the interconnecting arm causes engagement and disengagement of the switch contacts.
  • the gas blast is directed from a source of pressure indicatedA by the arrows to a central chamber formed by each
  • the central chamber 16 formed by the discs 10 and 11 is in communication with the gas supply pipe 17 and the chamber 18 is similarly in communication with a supply pipe 19.
  • the supply pipes 17 and 19 may branch from a single line so as to be controlled by one valve, opening of which admits gas under pressure simultaneously to the chambers 16 and 18 causing immediate clockwise rotation of the arm 14 and separation of the coacting disc members.
  • the gas blast from the central chamber 16 issues radially towards the periphery of the discs and through an annular nozzle-like passage formed between the discs. Since the arc is initially drawn at the contacting or throat portion 16 of this annular passage..
  • the gas blast is particularly effective to interrupt the arc during initial separation of the discs.
  • 'I'he switch closing operation may be effected in a suitable manner, as by the release 29, into con'tact thereby closing the gas passage 115 A within the Yswitch casing.
  • the switch contacts 25 and 26 may, however, be biased together by springs or the like which are released in response to certain applied pressure tending to open the Opening of the contacts is effected by direction of the gas blast through casing 27 in the direction indicated, the pressure causing opposite rotation of the contacts about the respective pivotal supports 30 and 31 andformation of a nozzle-like passage between the contacts.
  • the side walls of the gas passage are formed by complementary telescopic insulating members 25 and 26 which are co-pivotally mounted on casing 27 with contacts 25 and 26 respectively so asv to be movable therewithas '130.
  • the contacts 25 and 26 may be provided with auxiliary arcing portions 32 and 33 which are composed of metal resistant to vaporization, as tungsten for example. The arcis then nally broken at the tips of the arcing portions.
  • the switch may be closed in any suitable manner, as by releasing the contacts and permitting springs 28 and 29 to bias the same into engagement, the specic means 'holding the contacts open forming no part of the present invention.
  • the shape of the nozzle-like passage through which the gas blast is directed varies during contact ,separation so 150 like passage.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising relatively movable contact structure, said contact structure having complementary configurations forming therebetween a nomlelike gas passage including a restricted portion during separation thereof, and means for directing gas at high velocity to said contact structure for causing separation of the same .at said restricted portion, said gas exhausting between said structure and through said nozzle-like passage.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising relatively movable contact structure.
  • said contact structure having complementary configurations forming therebetweena nozzlelike gas passage including a restricted portion when said contact structure is separated, said contact structure arranged .to engage at the points deiined by the restricted portion of said passage, and means for directing gas under pressure to said contact structure, said gas exhausting between said contact structure and through said nozzle-like passage.
  • a circuit interrupter of .the gas-blast type comprising relatively movable contact structure including means having complementary configurations forming therebetween a chamber and a nozzle-like gas passage in communication therewith, and means for directing gas under pressure to said chamber for causing separation of said contact structure, said gas exhausting between said contact structure and through said nozzle- 4.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising a pair of relatively movable disc-like contact members, said contact members having complementary configurations forming therebetween a central chamber, and means for directing gas under pressure to said chamber for causing separation of said contact members, said gas exhausting radially between said contacts from said chamber.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising a pair of relatively movable disc-like members having complementary configurations forming therebetween a gas chamber and a plurality of radially disposed nozzle-like gas passages communicating with said chamber, coacting contacts carried by said members respectively at the restricted portions of said passages, and means for directing gas under pressure to said chamber for causing separation of said members, said gas exhausting between said contacts and through said radially disposed passages.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising relatively movable disc-like contacts, said contacts-having complementary congurations forming therebetween a central chamber and a diverging gas passage at the peripheries thereof during separation of the contacts, and means for directing gas under pressure to said chamber, said gas exhausting between said contacts and radially through said diverging passage.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising a pair of relatively movable contacts, said ⁇ contacts having complementary congurations adapted to form a central chamber and an annular diverging passage communicating therewith, and means for directing gas under pressure to said chamber causing separation of said contacts, said gas exhausting radially between said contacts through said annular diverting passage.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast ftype comprising a pair of relatively movable contacts, said contacts having complementary configurations adapted to form therebetween a gas passage having a restricted portion, means for directing gas under pressure through said passage causing separation of said contacts, said gas exhausting from said passage between said contacts to extinguish'arcing at said restricted portion, a second pair of similarly constructed contacts, and a bridging member interconnecting a movable contact of each of said pairs of contacts, said bridging member being centrally pivoted and arranged with respect to said pairs of contacts so that the gas pressure at each pair of contacts tends to rotatey said bridging member causing opening movement of the movable contacts.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising a pair of relatively movable contacts, said contacts in the closed circuit position forming therebetween a chamber adapted to receive gas from the source of pressure, admission of gas under pressure to said chamber causing separation of said contacts, and means biasing said contacts into limited following engagement during the initial movement thereof, separation of g said contacts being accompanied by a blast of gas from said chamber exhausting between said contacts.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising a pair of relatively movable contacts, said contacts having complementary congurartions forming a chamber therebetween in the closed circuit position, said chamber adapted to receive gasVy from the source of pressure, and
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising a easing forming a gas passage therein, and a pair of opposed contacts pivotally mounted on said casing over the exhaust of said gas passage, admission ofy gas under pressure to said passage causing an are extinguishing blast between said contacts, said contacts being shaped so as to form a nozzle-like exhaust passage theref between during separation thereof.
  • a circuit interrupter of the gas-blast type comprising a pair of relatively movable contacts, means pivotally mounting each of said contacts, means resiliently biasing said contacts together, said contacts being shaped so that a diverging gas passage is formed between the same upon separation thereof, and means forming a gas passage across the exhaust of which said contacts are positioned, admission of gas under pressure to said passage causing blowing apart of said contests and exhaust of an arc extinguishing blast through the diverging passage formed therebetween.

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)
US690682A 1929-07-29 1933-09-23 Gas blast switch Expired - Lifetime US1982355A (en)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB24047/29A GB316952A (xx) 1929-07-29 1929-08-06
US690682A US1982355A (en) 1929-07-29 1933-09-23 Gas blast switch

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US381945A US1947230A (en) 1928-08-06 1929-07-29 Electric circuit breaker
US690682A US1982355A (en) 1929-07-29 1933-09-23 Gas blast switch

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
US1982355A true US1982355A (en) 1934-11-27

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US690682A Expired - Lifetime US1982355A (en) 1929-07-29 1933-09-23 Gas blast switch

Country Status (2)

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US (1) US1982355A (xx)
GB (1) GB316952A (xx)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2427195A (en) * 1944-10-20 1947-09-09 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2588933A (en) * 1945-12-03 1952-03-11 Latour Andre Switch with pressure fluid arc extinguishing
US2604562A (en) * 1949-01-29 1952-07-22 Gen Electric Electric circuit interrupter

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2427195A (en) * 1944-10-20 1947-09-09 Gen Electric Electric circuit breaker
US2588933A (en) * 1945-12-03 1952-03-11 Latour Andre Switch with pressure fluid arc extinguishing
US2604562A (en) * 1949-01-29 1952-07-22 Gen Electric Electric circuit interrupter

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
GB316952A (xx) 1930-09-11

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