US1979067A - Phonograph - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 30, 1934. s FRANKUN 1,979,067

PHONOGRAPH Filed Jan. 28, 1933 INVENTQR Bernard 5. Franklin ATTORNEYS Patented Oct. 30, 1934 PATENT OFFICE PHONOGRAPH Bernard S. Franklin, New York, N. Y., assignor to Voices, Incorporated, Newark, N. J., a corporation of Delaware Application January 28, 1933, Serial No. 654,009

22 Claim.

This invention relates to phonographs and more particularly to a miniature phonograph for use in dolls or other toys.

The phonograph is suitable to be embodied in a doll or other toy, although it may itself be employed as an attractive plaything for children.

If placed in a doll it may be used, for example,

to reproduce appropriate child-like words or endearment or complaint, or the like, or to sing a song; and it installed in a toy animal, may reproduce sounds appropriate to that animal. The kinds of speech, music, or noise which may be recorded are without limit, making the field of use of the phonograph correspondingly broad. The phonograph is operative in any position, so

that if placed in a doll, for example, it may be played regardless of the position of the doll. The engagement and disengagement of the stylus and record, the feed of the stylus relative to the record, and all necessary operations of the phonograph are accomplished without outside aid or manipulation other than mere energizetion of thephonograph, so that the mechanism may be fully enclosed and protectively housed by an outside casing.

The primary and general object of the present invention is to improve phonographs of the kind described, in order to greatly simplify and cheapen the phonograph mechanism and at the same time to lengthen the permissible recording and reproduction of the phonograph, so that, despite its simplicity and inexpensiveness, it may be used to produce a substantial duration of sound, speech, song, or the like.

A more particular object of the present invention centers about the mechanism for providing automatic engagement or disengagement of the sound record and stylus, and is to produce the necessary operation automaticaly, dependably, and with mechanism of such simplicity as will not add appreciably to the expense of the phonograph. With this object in view, the phonograph spring is preferably rewound by means of a draw string which is so related to and so guided in the phonograph mechanism that tension applied to the draw string itself causes relative movement of the record and stylus and disengages the same. A further and corollary object of the invention is to insure that the cessation of sound reproduction is caused by disengagement of the record and stylus before stopping of the record rotation, thereby avoiding changes in pitch upon stoppage of the phonograph whether stopped at the middle or the end or the record.

Further objects of my invention center about the relative feed movement of the stylus and record, permitting the stylus to track in the sound groove of the record during playing of the phonograph, as well as restoration of the same to their initial position for the next playing of the phonograph. In accordance with such objects and features of my invention, the diaphragm and also the record and motor mechanism are left stationary, thereby greatly simplifying the phonograph construction, and the desired feed movement is obtained by interconnecting the stylus and diaphragm wth movable means which afiords the necessary feed movement of the stylus; the movable means is provided with additional resilient means or is itself made resilient in order to normally urge the stylus toward its initial position; and preferably adjustable stop means are provided to limit the resulting movement of the stylus so as to position the same opposite the first sound groove of the record. Still another object is to make the phonograph compact as well as simple, and with this object in view the phonograph diaphragm is fixed in a generally cylindrical casing; the rec- 0rd and record rotating mechanism are arranged concentrically in said casing; and the stylus mechanism is mounted directly on the diaphragm at a point ofiset from the center of the diaphragm in order to bring the stylus over the sound grooves on the record.

Further objects of the invention center about the speed limiting or speed regulating mechanism of the phonograph, and are: first, to provide governor mechanism which will be simple, inexpensive, and yet adjustable to regulate the speed of the phonograph; and, secondly, to so gear any desired form of governor or speed limiting mechanism to the phonograph that the gearing will automatically disengage during the rewinding of the phonograph, thereby making it possible to rewind the phonograph at high speed and preventing injury to the phonograph mechanism even when using a governor which preferably should not be rotated in a reverse direction.

To the accomplishment of the foregoing and such other objects as will hereinafter appear, my invention consists in the phonograph elements and their relation one to the other, as hereinafter are more particularly described in the specification and sought to be defined in the claims. The specification is accompanied by a drawing in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section taken through one 110 form of phonograph embodying features of my invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section taken in the plane of the line 22 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken through a different form of phonograph embodying some similar and some further features of my invention;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section taken in the plane oftheline4--4inFig.3;

Fig. 5 is a detail of a modification;

Fig. 6 is an inverted horizontal section looking at the bottom plate of a phonograph motor embodying said modification;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram explanatory of the operation of the phonograph of Figs. 3 to 6; and

Fig. 8 is a detail of the stylus mechanism.

Referring to the drawing and more particularly to Figs. 1 and 2 thereof, the phonograph there shown comprises a cylindrical casing 12 having a stationary sound producing diaphragm 14 mounted near one end thereof, a stylus 16, a disc record 18, and record rotating mechanism carried by a motor housing 20 mounted in said casing. The record rotating mechanism includes a record shaft 22, a drive spring 24 for rotating the record shaft, and a draw string 26 for rewinding the spring 24. The record 18 and record shaft 22 are movably mounted in motor housing 20 and consequently are movable relative to stylus 16 in order to permit engagement or disengagement of the record and stylus. In the present case this movement consists simply of an axial movement of the shaft 22 in the motor housing. Resilient means 28 normally urges the record 18 into engagement with stylus 16, while the draw string 26 is so guided in relation to record shaft 22 that tension applied to the draw string opposes the resilient means 28 and disengages the record from the stylus. The

record 18 is provided with sound grooves of the hill and dale type, so that the vibration imparted to the stylus 16 is longitudinal with respect to the' ,"stylus and axial with respect to the phonograph. The stylus 16 is connected to diaphragm 14 by means 30 which accommodates the necessary displacement of the stylus when tracking in the spiral sound groove of the record. The means 30 additionally includes a spring 32 for normally urging the stylus toward the outer or initial sound groove of the record, and the phonograph is'preferably provided with an adjustable stop screw 34 for limiting the resulting outward movement of the stylus. It will be noted that the stylus 16 and mechanism 30 are preferably mounted directly on the diaphragm at a point offset from the center of the diaphragm, thereby b ngin the stylus over the sound grooves on the record even though the dia-- phragm and the record and motor mechanism as an entirety are mounted concentrically with relation to the phonograph casing 12.

Considering the arrangement in greater detail, the casing 12 is a short section of tubing or the like which, for economy, may be I made of cardboard, fibre, or similar material.

sheet metal or other appropriate material. It may be provided with corrugations 42, as shown, and these may be concentric with respect to the stylus mechanism, or may be made progressively eccentric, if desired, to minimize the flat area of the diaphragm. The edges of the diaphragm are received between resilient washers or rings 44 which are preferably made of rubber or like material so as to facilitate vibra= tion of the diaphragm. The thickness of the rings 44 is, of course, properly related with respect to the stepped ring or support 36 so that the parts will be held in assembled relation when cap 38 is clamped in place.

The motor housing 20 comprises an upper wall 46, a preferably stepped or dished lower wall 48, and an annular or cylindrical wall 50 fixed therebetween. The upper wall 46 is preferably provided with outwardly extending spacer arms 52 dimensioned to just fill the interior of casing 12, thereby spacing and supporting the motor housing within the casing. The lower wall is similarly provided with outwardly projecting arms 54, but these are shaped and dimensioned to fit over the end of the cylindrical casing. The cylindrical wall 50 is secured to the top and bottom walls 46 and 48 in any desired manner, as by the use of tongue and slot construction 56.

The motor housing 20 is held axially in easing 12 by the closure cap 58 which, like the opposite cap 38, may be made of sheet metal and may be secured to the casing 12 by burnishing the edge 60 inwardly. The cap 58 is perforated liberally with sound discharge openings 62. It will thus be seen that the sound' produced by diaphragm 14 is caused to flow through casing 12 and thence out of the opposite end cap 58, thereby permitting casing 12 to act as a horn or sound amplifying chamber for the sound vibrations. It is primarily for this reason that the spacer means 52 and 54 are preferably in the form of separate arms with large spacing therebetween, rather than a continuous surface, in order to facilitate flow of sound therethrough. It will, of course, be appreciated that the motor housing 20 may, if desired, itself be perforated to additionally facilitate sound passage.

The record 18 may be made of known wax compositions or of synthetic resin, and is preferably rigidly amxed to the record shaft 22 by appropriate flanged collars 64. The record shaft is rotatable in bearings 66 formed most simply by slightly flanging the openings in plates 46 and. 48. The spring 24 is an ordinary spiral ribbon or clock spring the inner end of which is secured in any desired manner to record shaft 22, as is indicated at 68, and the outer end of which is secured to the motor housing 20, as is indicated at 70. The direction of rotation of the spring and the direction of the sound track on the record are, of course, made to correspond, and in the present case the spring in unwinding rotates the record clockwise, as viewed in plan.

Shaft 22 may, if desired, be provided with an appropriate drum for receiving draw string 26, but in the present case the draw string is wound directly on the record shaft itself.

located well upwardly on the shaft so that the string tends to wind downwardly. The string is then guided out of the phonograph casing by appropriate eyelets 74 and 76 located in plate 48 and cap 58 respectively. It will 'be noted that the eyelet '74 is so located that face '18 which insures rewinding of the string in desired position during the playing of the phonograph. The lower edge of the guide flange 78 is preferably extended downwardly to a point near the surface of the bottom plate 48 of the motor housing, in order to avoid any possibility of the string passing beneath the member 78 when the string is being rewound. This is of no disadvantage because the amount of axial movement needed to disengage the record from the stylus is anyway very slight.

The shaft 22 is normally urged'upwardly by thrust spring 28 which, as here exemplified, consists simply of a flat leaf spring the fixed end of which is riveted or otherwise secured to plate 48, as shown at 80, and the free end of which rests against the preferably rounded lower end of record shaft 22. The thrust produced by spring 28 is preferably "relatively weak in order to avoid undue pressure between the record and stylus. At the same time, the proportioning between spring 28 and drive spring 24 is preferably made such that tension applied to draw string 26 disengages the record from the stylus before heginning rewinding of the drive spring. This insures that the record will not be in contact with the stylus when rotated in the reverse or rewinding direction. It further insures that sound reproduction from the phonograph will be stopped abruptly and silently and without changes in pitch, because the record is disengaged from the stylus before the record is stopped from rotating. This is desirable not only if draw string 26 is seized before the phonograph has finished playing, but also to stop the phonograph at the end of the record, and for this purpose the draw string is preferably provided with a stop washer 82 so located on the draw string that it comes in contact with eyelet 76 and stops the phonograph slightly after the finish of the record. It will be evident that continued rotative effort of the relatively powerful drive spring 24 will cause disengagement of the record from the stylus immediately upon stop 82 reaching eyelet 76. It should be kept in .mind that while thrust spring 28 is made weak relative to drive spring 24 as above specifled, it must nevertheless be substantially stiffer than the resistance to vibration of diaphragm 14 in order not to interfere with proper sound reproduction. This desideratum is, of course, greatly aided by the inertia of the parts of the motor.

Stylus 16 and connecting mechanism 30 are in the present case preferably made integral by bending a single stylus rod into crank shape. The upper end of the'stylus rod is mounted oscillatably on diaphragm 14, and relative axial movement is prevented by supporting collars 84. The permitted oscillation of stylus 16 causes it to readily track in the sound groove of the record, while the axial vibration imparted to the stylus by the record is transmitted to the diaphragm. The operation of spring 32 to move the stylus outwardly when disengaged from the record, as well as the limiting or stop function of screw 34, is evident from the drawing. Screw 34, it will be noted, is mounted on a depending arm 86 struck downwardly from support ring 36 and is stiffened in place by being bent outwardly at B8 to bear against the inner wall of casing 12. The latter is preferably provided with a hole 90 making screw 34 accessible for adjustment.

The speed of the phonograph is preferably regulated or limited by appropriate means, here exemplified by a simple damping fan 92 mounted on a pinion shaft 94 borne between bottom plate 48 and an arm 96 struck inwardly from the wall 50 of the 'motor housing. The pinion shaft 94 carries a pinion 98 meshing with a gear 100 mounted on record shaft 22.

It is believed that the operation of the phonograph shown in Figs. 1 and 2 will be evident from the above description, it being appreciated that to operate the phonograph draw string 26 is pulled outwardly and released, whereupon the phonograph begins to play. The phonograph may be positioned as desired, and, ifimounted in a doll or other toy, the sound discharge cap 58 is, of course, preferably located at the outer wall of the body of the toy.

The invention is shown in modified form in Figs. 3, 4, '7, and 8 of the drawing. For the sake of brevity, attention will be directed primarily only to the features of differentiation. Referring to Figs. 3 and 4, the phonograph comprises a casing 12 closed by end caps 38 and 58, the former holding the diaphragm 14 in assembled relation with washers 44 and support ring 36, and the latter being provided with sound discharge openings 62 and holding the motor -frame 20' in position in casing 12, all as has already been described. The record 18 is fixed to a record shaft 102 by flanged collars 104 and 106. The shaft 102 is journaled in upper plate 108 by an eyelet 110, and in lower plate 112 by a bearing 114 which, instead of being round, is preferably in the form of an elongated slot, thereby permitting oscillation of shaft 102 about the upper bearing 110.- To facilitate this oscillation the lower end of flanged collar 104 is pref erably made spherical or rounded, as shown. Shaft 102 is normally urged toward its upright or playing position by resilient means, here exemplifled by a coiled tension spring 116. Draw string 26 is wound on shaft 102, a drum 118 being used, if desired, and the draw string 26 is so guided by eyelets 120 and 122 that tension applied to the draw string opposes the resilient means 116 and oscillates the shaft clockwise, as viewed in the drawing, and this, it will be evident upon reflection, lowers that side of the record beneath the stylus, thereby disengaging the record and stylus. When the draw string is released, spring 116 oscillates the record shaft counter-clockwise and brings the record into engagement with the stylus. In passing, it should be noted that the end '70 of drive spring 24 is preferably secured to motor housing 20 at a point normal to the plane of oscillation of the record shaft, in order to minimize the effect of the drive spring on the oscillation of the record. shaft 102. Of course, the mounting of the drive spring may be so directed as to itself apply the necessary resilient force tending to bring the record and stylus into engagement, but I prefer to divorce these functions and to use a separate spring for restoring the stylus engagement, in order to make it easier to proportion the forces involved to desired values.

The present form of phonograph is provided with a more elaborate speed regulating mechanism in order to make possible a more constant and also an adjustable speed regulation. For this purpose I employ a centrifugal governor comprising a disc of rubber 130 mounted on a governor shaft 132 geared to drive shaft 162 by step-up gearing including a gear 134 and a pinion 136. The rubber disc 130 is slit, as shown at 138, thereby providing arms which tend to fly outwardly under centrifugal force. These arms cooperate with a brake surface which in the present case consists of a frustro-conical dished member 140 fixedly secured to an adjustment screw 142 the position of which may be locked by a lock nut 14A. The governor shaft 132 may be carried on support arms 146 struck inwardly from the side wall of the motor housmg. It will be evident on reflection that gear 134, which rotates clockwise, revolves the governor disc 130 counter-clockwise, and that the rubber arms fly outwardly until they contact with the brake surface 140. The playing speed of the phonograph may be regulated by moving the brake surface nearer to or further from the governor disc, and in the present case this is accomplished by moving the frustro-conical surface 140 axially of the governor disc.

The governor mechanism is preferably located beneath the stylus mechanism, that is, on the side away from which the record shaft 102 is moved during the rewinding operation. It will thus be evident that when draw string 26 is pulled, not only is the record disengaged from the stylus, but also gear 134 is disengaged from pinion 136, thereby freeing the phonograph from its governor mechanism during the rewinding operation. This is of advantage, first, in permitting rapid rewinding of the phonograph or preventing injury due to careless or rapid rewinding; and secondly, in connection with the present governor, because the governor operates more readily in one direction than. in the opposite direction due to the nature of the slit rubber arms employed.

The stylus mechanism shown in the present phonograph is also different from that shown in the first form of phonograph. In the present case the stylus 16 is connected to diaphragm 14 by a thin leaf spring 150 the upper end 152 of which is secured to the diaphragm, as by spot welding, and the lower end of which is slit to form straps between which the stylus 16 is gripped. The spring 150, as will be evident from an inspection of Fig. 8, is made sufficiently broad to readily transmit the vibrations of the stylus to the diaphragm. At the same time, it is exceedingly flexible in a lateral direction and thus afi'ords movement of the stylus so that it will track in the sound groove of the record. Furthermore, the spring may be so dimensioned that it normally tends to restore the stylus to its initial or outward position, thereby dispensing with the use of a separate spring for this purpose. Here again the outermost position of the stylus may be regulated by an appropriate stop screw 34 the position of which may be locked by a lock nut 34'.

The operation of this phonograph will be readily understood particularly by reference to the schematic showing of Fig. 7, in which the left-hand figure illustrates the playing condition nevaoer oi the phonograph, while the right-hand figure illustrates the rewinding condition of the phonograph. Thus, during the playing of the phonograph, the stylus 16 engages record 18; gear 134 meshes with pinion 136; and the stylus moves toward the left as the record is played. During the rewinding operation the tension of the draw string oscillates the record and record shaft clockwise, thereby disengaging the record 18 from stylus 16 and permitting the same to move outwardly to its initial playing position, and at the same time disengaging gear 134 from pinion 136. It will be understood that immediately upon release of the draw string, the record is moved counter-clockwise to engage the stylus, and that at the same time the gear 134 is moved into engagement with pinion 136.

Figs. 5 and 6 illustrate a slight modification of the spring arrangement for normally bringing the record into engagement with the stylus. In this modified form the lower end of record shaft 102 is carried by a bushing 152 which itself is oscillatable in slot 114 at the bottom of the motor housing. The bushing 152 is normally urged toward one end of the slot by a bowed wire spring 154 the ends of which pass through holes in ears 156 struck downwardly from the bottom plate of the motor housing. The spring 154 and bushing 152 are held in desired relation by a slot 158 out on one side of bushing 152. With this arrangement, as with the others, it will be understood that the spring pressure is adapted to obtain a desired pressure between the stylus and the record,suiiicient to insure the desired sound reproduction, and yet insufli- 1w cient to rapidly spoil the record and stylus. The spring effort is made relatively less than that of the drive spring 24 in this sense: that tension on draw string 26 tends to disengage the record from the stylus before rotating the record.

It will be understood that the stylus arrangement shown in Fig. 1 may be used with the phonograph of Fig. 3, and, conversely, that the stylus arrangement shown in Fig. 3 may be used with the phonograph of Fig. 1. Furthermore, it is not essential to use a hill and dale record arrangement, for the combined rewind and stylus engagement mechanism, i. e., the lower part of the phonograph, may be used with any desired sound box and stylus mechanism, intended to work with a. record having a sinuous sound track, for example, and any known movable sound box and stylus mechanism may be used. Similarly, the novel features of the present diaphragm and movable stylus arrangement, 1. e., the upper part of the phonograph, may be used with a different form of record rotating and record engaging mechanism. The terms upper and lower are used with reference to the drawing, rather than the phonograph itself, which often is placed with its axis horizontal. It will further be understood that the damping fan arrangement shown in Fig. 1 may, if desired, be used in the phonograph ofFig. 3, and, conversely, that a governor such as the governor shown in Fig. 3 may be used with the phonograph of Fig. 1. It will also be appreciated that the closure caps for the casing may, if desired, be'screw threaded instead of permanently secured to the casing, thereby permitting facile disassembly of the phonograph mechanism so that the stylus or the record may be replaced, if desired.

These and various other modifications may be 5 made in the phonograph construction, and it will therefore be apparent that while I have shown and described my invention in preferred forms, many changes and modifications may be made in the structures disclosed without departing from the spirit of the invention defined in the claims appended hereto. I am aware of the features and inventions of the phonograph constructions disclosed in copending applications of Leo J. Grubman, Serial Nos. 647,923 and 647,924, filed December 19, 1932, and no claim is laid herein to the same.

I claim:

1. A toy phonograph comprising a record, a record rotating shaft, a stylus, a spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string for rewinding said spring, said record and record shaft being movably mounted relative to said stylus in order to permit engagement or disengagement of the record with the stylus, and resilient means tending to move the same into engagement, said draw string-being so related to said record shaft that tension on the draw string opposes the resilient means and disengages the record from the stylus.

2. A toy phonograph comprising a record, a record rotating shaft aflixed thereto, a stylus, a spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string wound on said record shaft for rewinding said spring, said record and record .shaft being movably mounted relative to said stylus in order to permit engagement or disengagement of the record with the stylus, resilient means tending to move the same into engagement, and means so guiding said draw string with relation to said record shaft that tension on the draw string opposes the resilient means and disengages the record from the stylus.

3. A toyphonograph comprising a record, a record shaft, a drive spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string wound upon said drive shaft for rewinding the drive spring, a stylus, said record and record shaft being axially reciprocable to permit engagement or disengagement of the record and stylus, a thrust spring urging the record into engagement with the stylus, and means so guiding the draw string in relation to the record shaft that tension applied to the draw string opposes the thrust spring and disengages the record from the stylus.

4. A toy phonograph comprising a record, a record shaft, a drive spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string for rewinding the drive spring, a stylus, means affording oscillation of the record and record shaft to cause engagement or disengagement of the record and stylus, resilient means tending to oscillate the record shaft in such direction as to bring the record and stylus into engagement, and means for so guiding the draw string relative to the record shaft that tension applied to the draw string opposes the resilient means and causes disengagement of therecord and stylus.

5. A toy phonograph comprising a record, a record shaft, a drive spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string wound upon said record shaft for rewinding the drive spring, a stylus, means affording oscillation of the record and record shaft to cause engagement or disengagement of the record and stylus, resilient means tending to oscillate the record shaft in such direction as to bring the record and stylus into engagement, and means for so guidingthe' draw string relative to the record shaft that tension applied to the draw string opposes the resilient means and causes disengagement of the record and stylus.

6. A toy phonograph comprising a disc record having hill and dale recording, record rotating mechanism located on one side of the record and having a fixed center of rotation, a stationary sound producing diaphragm arranged parallel to but spaced from the opposite side of said record, a stylus located in the space between said record and diaphragm, and means of negligible mass directly interconnecting the stylus and diaphragm for transmitting longitudinal vibrations of the stylus directly to the diaphragm, said means being movable at the stylus end thereof to accommodate displacement of the stylus when tracking in the record groove, without necessitating relative lateral displacement of the rec-- ord and diaphragm.

7. A toy phonograph comprising a disc record having hilland dale recording, record rotating mechanism, a stationary sound producing diaphragm arranged in generally parallel relation. to said record, a stylus, means interconnecting the stylus and diaphragm for transmitting the vibrations of the stylus directly to the diaphragm, said means being movable to accommodate displacement of the stylus when tracking in the spiral sound groove of the record, and further serving to normally urge the stylus toward the initial sound groove of the record, and

an adjustable stop for limiting the resulting I movement of the stylus.

8. A toy phonograph comprising a casing hav-- ing a stationary sound producing diaphragm, a disc record, record supporting and rotating mechanism having a fixed center of rotation and mounted in said casing on one side of said rec-' ord, said mechanism supporting said record with its opposite face spaced from, parallel to and substantially in alignment with the center of the diaphragm, and a stylus mounted directly on andconnected to said diaphragm at a point substantially offset from the center thereof in order to bring the stylus away from the center oi the record and adjacent the sound track thereon. 9. A toy phonograph comprising a generally cylindrical casing having a stationary sound producing diaphragm mounted near one end thereof, a disc record and record rotating mechanism mounted in said casing in concentric relation therewith, said record having a hill and dale sound groove, and a stylus mounted directly on. said diaphragm at a point offset from the center thereof in order to bring the stylus adjacent the sound track on the record.

10. A toy phonograph comprising a casing having a stationary sound producing diaphragm mounted near one end thereof, a record and record rotating mechanism mounted in said casing in substantially stationary relation therewith, a stylus, and means interconnecting the stylus and diaphragm for transmitting vibrations of the stylus directly to the diaphragm, said means being movable to accommodate displacement of Hill centric relation therewith, a stylus, and means interconnecting the stylus and diaphragm for transmitting the vibrations of the stylus directly to the diaphragm, said means being movable to accommodate displacement of the stylus when trackingin the spiral sound groove of the rec- 0rd, and normally urging the stylus toward the initial sound groove of the record, an adjustable stop for limiting the resulting movement of the stylus, said stylus being mounted directly on said diaphragm at a point ofiset from the center of the diaphragm in order to bring the stylus over the sound grooves of the record.

12. A toy phonograph comprising a casing, a sound producing diaphragm mounted therein, a record and record rotating mechanism mounted. in said casing, a crank-shaped stylus mechanism oscillatably mounted on said diaphragm, and resilient means tending to oscillate the stylus toward the first sound groove of the record.

13. A toy phonograph comprising a cylindrical casing, a sound producing diaphragm mounted at one end thereof, a record and record rotating mechanism-mounted concentrically in said casing, a crank-shaped stylus mechanism oscillat ably mounted on said diaphragm at a point offset from the center thereof, resilient means tending to oscillate the stylus toward the outside of the record, and an adjustable stop screw for I limiting the outward oscillation of the stylus.

14. A toy phonograph comprising a casing, a sound producing diaphragm mounted therein, a record and record rotating mechanism arranged in said casing, a stylus, and a light spring connecting the stylus directly to said diaphragm,

said spring permitting the stylus to follow the sound groove in the record but normally urging the stylus outwardly when disengaged from the record.

15. A toy phonograph comprising a generally cylindrical casing, a sound producing diaphragm mounted on one end thereof, a disc record and record rotating mechanism arranged concentrically in said casing, a stylus, a light cantilever spring connecting the stylus directly to said diaphragm at a point ofiset from the center of the diaphragm in order to bring the stylus over the sound grooves on the record, said spring permitting the stylus to follow the sound groove in the record but normally urging the stylus outwardly when disengaged from the record, and an adjustable stop screw for limiting the outward movement of the stylus.

16. A toy phonograph comprising a record, a record rotating shaft, a drive spring for rotating said shaft, and a governor geared to said shaft for regulating the speed of the phonograph, said governor comprising a rotatable disc of rubber slit to provide brake arms movable outwardly under centrifugal force, a brake surface cooperating with said rubber disc, and means for adjusting the position of the brake surface so as to regulate the speed of the phonograph.

17. A toy phonograph comprising a record, a record rotating shaft, a drive spring for rotating said shaft, and a governor geared to said shaft for regulating the speed of the phonograph, said governor comprising a rotatable disc of rubber slit to provide brake arms movable outwardly under centrifugal force, a frustro-conical housing cooperating with said rubber disc, and means affording axial adjustment of the housin so as to regulate the speed of the phonograph.

18. A toy phonograph comprising a phonodiaphragm,

graph record, a record rotating shaft, a drive spring for rotating said shaft, a stylus, rewind means, said record and record shaft being movably mounted to permit engagement or disengagement of the record and stylus, speed limiting mechanism geared to the record shaft, resilient means normally urging the record into engagement with the stylus, and means responsive to the rewind means to oppose the resilient means and cause disengagement of the record and stylus and disengagement of the gearing interconnecting the record shaft and speed limiting mechanism.

19. A toy phonograph comprising a phonograph record, a record rotating shaft, a drive spring for rotating said shaft, a stylus, a draw string to rewind the drive spring, said record and record shaft being movably mounted to permit engagement or disengagement of the rec- 0rd and stylus, governor mechanism geared to the record shaft, resilient means normally urging the record into engagement with the stylus, and means for so guiding thedraw string that tension applied thereto opposes the resilient means and causes disengagement of the record and stylus and disengagement of the gearing interconnecting the record shaft and governor mechanism.

20. A toy phonograph comprising a casing having a stationary sound producing diaphragm mounted therein, a stylus, a disc record and record rotating mechanism mounted in said casing, said record rotating mechanism including a record shaft, a spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string for rewinding said spring, said record and record shaft being movably mounted relative to said stylus in order to permit engagement or disengagement of the record and the stylus, resilient means tending to move the same into engagement, and means so guiding the draw string in relation to the record shaft that tension applied to the draw string opposes the resilient means and disengages the record from the stylus, and means interconnecting the stylus and diaphragm to transmit vibrations of the stylus directly to the said means accommodating displacement of the stylus when tracking in the spiral sound groove of the record.

21. A toy phonograph comprising a casing having a stationary sound producing diaphragm mounted near one end thereof, a stylus, a disc record and record rotating mechanism mounted in said casing, said record rotating mechanism including a record shaft, a spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string wound upon said record shaft for rewinding said spring, said record and record shaft being movable relative to said stylus in order to permit engagement or disengagement of the record and stylus, resilient means tending to move the same into engagement, and means so guiding the draw string that tension applied thereto opposes the resilient means and disengages the record from the stylus, means interconnecting the stylus and diaphragm to transmit vibrations of the stylus directly to the diaphragm, said means accommodating displacement of the stylus when tracking in the sound groove of the record, and normally urging the stylus toward the initial sound groove of the record, and a stop for limiting the resulting movement of the stylus.

22. A toy phonograph comprising a generally cylindrical casing having a stationary sound producing diaphragm mounted near one end thereof, a stylus, a hill and dale disc record and record rotating mechanism mounted in said casing in concentric relation therewith, said record rotating mechanism including a record shaft, a spring for rotating said record shaft, a draw string for rewinding said spring, said record and record shaft being movably mounted relative to said stylus in order to permit engagement or disengagement of the record and the stylus, resilient means tending to move the same into engagement, and means so guiding the draw string in relation to the record shaft that tension applied to the draw string opposes the resilient means and disengages the record from BERNARD S. FRANKLIN.

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