US1952291A - Safety control for cutting machines - Google Patents

Description

March 27, 1934. F. w. sEYBoLD SAFETY CONTROL FOR CUTTING MACHINES Filed Feb. 15, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet at Arroz/v: rs

March 27, 1934. F, w, SEYBOLD 1,952,291

SAFETY CONTROL FCR CUTTING MACHINES Filed Feb. l5, 1932 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 9 ZM ALM/M Arraewsys .y

Patented Mar. 27, 1934 UNITED STATES PATENT oFFIcE 1,952,291 SAFETY CONTRGL FOR CUTTING MACHINES Frederick W.. Seybold, Dayton, Ohio, assignor to Harris- Seybold-Potter Company, Cleveland,

hands is completely eliminated.

Another object of the invention is the automatic control of the safety means on Vthe upstroke of the knife so that it is unnecessary for the operator to continue to operate the controls after the knife reaches the cutting stick.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means for stopping the knife mechanism 'almost instantly at any point in its descent should the operator release either one of the hand con- 0 trois.

A further obiect is the provision of electrical means for controlling the safety mechanism.

Other Vobjects and features of novelty will appear as I proceed with the description of that embodiment of the invention which, for the purposes of the present application, I have illustrated in the accompanying. drawings, in which Fig. l is a rear elevational view, somewhat diagrammatic in character, of a paper cutter embodying the invention, and including a wiring diagram of the electrical control parts of the machine;

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional detail View taken substantially on theY line 2-2 of Fig. 1, showing a roller clutch which may be employed for connecting or disconnecting the knock-out cam and a rotating element of the knife mechanism;

Fig. 3 is aside elevational View of the machine;

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the machine. brake and vits operating means;

Fig. 5 is a fragmental front elevational view out for the knife mechanism; and

Fig. 6 is a side elevational view of the same. Y In the drawings, the frame of the machine is indicated at I0.. It supports a table l1 upon which is mounted the usual back gauge 12 which may be moved along the table by any suitable means, as, for instance, by handwheel 13 carrying a sprocket wheel upon which runs a chainv 14 that is connected with the back gauge in the usual way. There is also indicated at 15\the conventional paper clamp. Upon opposite sides of the machine are vertical guides'lG within which the knife bar' 1'7 is mounted to reciprocate.

` ward to the cutting stick and then upward again of the machine showing a conventional knock- Below the table 11, and preferably in vertical alignment with the knife bar 17,. there is a crankshaft 18, which carrieson its opposite ends crank pins 19 that are joined to the knife bar by connecting rods 20, so that for each revolution of the crankshaft 18 the knife makes a complete cycle of movements from the top of its stroke, or its position of rest illustrated in the drawings, downto its position of rest, at which point the con-- ventional knock-out mechanism stops its movement.

At the rear end of the machine there is a short shaft 2l upon which are mounted a flywheel 22 and a pulley 23. The pulley is adapted to be driven by a belt from any convenient power source, such,4 for example, as an electric motor. To the opposite end of the short shaft 2l there is attached one element 24 of a friction clutch, the other element 25 of which is secured to a shaft 26 aligned with the Yshaft 2l. The shaft 26 near its opposite end carries also a brake drum 27 which is surrounded by a pair of brake shoes 28 that are pivotally mounted at 29 upon a bracket 30 bolted to thel frame of the machine. At their 'upper ends these shoes carry rotatable pins 30 and 31 parallel to each other and to the shaft 26. A screw' 32 with an operating handle 33 extends through a smooth hole in pin 31 and is threaded in pin 30. A spiral spring 34 surrounds the screw 32 between its handle 33 and the pin 31, thereby exerting pressure to draw the brake shoes together and to cause them to bear frictionally upon the brake drum 2'7. By adjustment of the screw, the tension of spring 34 may be varied as desired.

On the right-hand extremity of shaft 26a's viewed in Fig. 1, there is mounted a' pinion 35 which meshes with a gear 36 mounted on the shaft 3'?. The latter shaft carries another gear 38 ofsmaller size which meshes with a large gearg on shaft 18, the latter gear carrying one of the crank pins 19 previously'referred to. In this manner driving force from the relatively high speed shaft 26 is transmitted to shaft 18 at a relatively 'low speed and correspondingly increased torque.

Obviously, when the clutch elements 24, 25 are disengaged and the brake shoes 28 are set to frictionally engage the brake drum, the shaft 26 and the knife bar 17 will be stationary. It will also` be obvious that when the clutch members 24,. 25 are engaged and the brake released, the shaft 26 will turn and driving force' will be transmitted to the crank-shaft 18 through the train of gears 35, 36, 38 and 39'.

In order to effect simultaneously the engagement of the clutch 24, 25 and the disengagement of the brake 27, 28, or the disengagement of the clutch and the engagement of the brake, a shipper bar 40 is slidably mounted above the shaft 26. This bar is adapted to be shifted hack and forth by a hand lever 4l located at the front of the machine in a position convenient to the operator. This lever is secured to a rock shaft 42 extending from the front to the back of the machine and carrying at its rear end a short crank 43 with a yoke straddling the bar 46 between two collars 44 that are secured to the bar. There is also secured to the bar 46 at a short distance to the right of the clutch 24, 25, as viewed in Fig. 1, an arm 45 having a yoke at its lower end straddling a collar 46 which is slidahly keyed to the shaft 26. This collar carries a wedge pin or finger 47 that is adapted to set the clutch when shifted to the left, as viewed in Fig. 1. The details of the clutch construction are not herein disclosed, the presy ent invention is not concerned therewith.

The shipper bar 40 extends above the brake drum 27 between. theupper ends of the brake shoes 28. Beyond the bracket 48 in which the bar 40 is slidably mounted, the latter has attached thereto a collar 49 having a pair of wedge fingers 56 integrally attached thereto and adapted to spread the brake shoes 2S in opposition to the force of spring 34 when the shipper 40 is moved toward the left in Fig. 1, thereby releasing the brake. The collar 49 also has formed in one side thereof a V-shaped notch 5l. which is adapted to receive a roller detent when the shipper bar is in its normal inoperative position illustrated in the drawings. The detent 52 is'resiliently pressed toward the collar 49 by a spring mounted in a cylinder 53, or otherwise, riding up the rear side of the notch 51 onto a nat plate 54 integrally formed upon the collar 49, when the bar 46 is shifted toward the left. The detent 52 prevents any accidental movement of the shipper bar 4() toward the left, and hence is a safety device.

In Figs. 5 and 6 I have shown, somewhat diagrammatically, a conventional knock-out arrangement for stopping the knife mechanism when the knife bar reaches its position of rest. On the righthand end of crankmshaft 18, as viewed from the front of the machine in Fig. 5, there is a crank plate 99 carrying one of the cranks 19. This piate has a knock-out cani 91 on its periphery. Secured to the forward end of rock shaft 42, or to the handle 41 on that shaft, there is a knock-out arm 92, upon the lower extremity of which is an anti-,friction roller 93 which is adapted to be engaged by the cain 91 when the arm 92 is swung the proper distance toward the right from the positionv indicated in Fig. 5. Y

All of the parts of the machine thus far described are known and in common use. The added features constituting the present invention either per se or in combination with the known features of the machine 'will now be described.

On'the shipper bar 49 there is secured at the proper position a depending dog 55 having an anti-friction roller 56 thereon. This roller 56 is adapted to be shifted toward the right by a knock-out cam 57 when the shipper bar is in its operative'position to the left of that shown in Fig. 1, and `also when the knock-out cam 57 is locked to the shaft 26. When the cam is not locked to the shaft, the latter turns freely within the cam, gravity acting upon the wider and heavier part of the cam tion. Means are provided, however, for locking the cam 57 to the shaft at times when it is desirable or necessary for the machine to stop, and in the present instance this means takes the form of a roller clutch shown in detail in Fig. 2. This roller clutch comprises a hardened collar 58 which is keyed to shaft 26. Opposite this collar, the clutch casing, which is free to turn with respect to shaft 26 and is secured to or integral with knock-out cam 57, carries two segments 59 and 60 having ilat hardened surfaces facing the collar. Coil springs 61 tend to force hardened rollers 62 into position between the sectors 59 and 66 and the collar 58 so as to lock these parts together. The action of the coil springs 61 may be opposed, however, by slide bars 63. These bars are adapted to be moved inwardly toward the springs by screws 64 which are threaded in the housing of the clutch and bear at their inner extremities upon the outer ends of the slide bars 63. These bars near their outer ends are engaged by pins 65 by means of which they are steadied and guided. The screws 64 are provided with outwardly projecting extensions which are clamped within links 66 outside the casing of the clutch. To these links are pivotally attached connecting' rodspr links 67. 'Ihe latter are pivotally connected 'to lateral extensions 68upon a collar 69 free to turn upon the shaft 26.

A yoke on the upper end of bell-crank lever 70 runs in the collar 69. This lever is pivoted at 72 on a bracket "I3 attached to the frame of the machine. The other arm of the lever is oonnected to a' soft iron core movable within a solenoid 74 which, when energized, holds the lever 70 in the position illus.rated in Fig.` 1. A coil spring 75 works in opposition to the solenoid and acts to pull the lever toward the right when the solenoid is deenergized. In the position of the parte illustrated in the drawings, the screws 64 are turned to their inward limit of motion, pushing'the slide bars 63 inwardly to force the rollers 62 out of locking engagement, thereby leaving the collar 58 free to turn within the sectors 59 and 69. When the solenoid 74 is deenergized, however, the spring 75 immediately pulls the lever 70 to the right, causing the links 67 and 66 to turn the screws 64 so as to back them off, whereupon the springs 61 force the rollers 62 into jamming position between the collar 58 and the sectors 59 and 66. The knock-out cam 57 is then locked to the collar 58 which is keyed to the shaft, and acts immediately toforce the dog 55 toward the right to disconnect the clutch 24, 25 and set brake 27, 28, thereby stopping the knife travel.

Now, while it is appreciated that mechanical means might be employed for moving the lever 79 upon its pivot to control the roller clutch and thus effect the operation of the knock-out cam at the proper time, particularly for stopping the knife at the top of its stroke, I prefer to employ electrical means now to be described, this means also lending itself especiallywell to the purpose of operating the knock-out as a safety control during the descent of the knife on the cutting stroke.

Referring now to Fig. l, 80 and 81 are electric conductors for delivering current to the solenoid 74. Conductor 81 leads directly tothe solenoid while conductor 80 is connected with the solenoid through one of two parallel circuits. The first of these parallel circuits includes a conductor 82, a push button or other switch 83 preferably to hold it against rotamounted upon the handle ofnleverw41, fa second All that it is necessary to do in that event is to unhook one end of spring 75. Thereafter the knock-out 57 will hang loosely upon the shaft 26 at all times, whether or not the buttons 83 and 84 are depressed or the switch 87 closed. In fact the electric current to line 80, 81 may be turned orf.

In the foregoing description I have necessarily gone somewhat into detail in order to explain fully the particular embodiments of the invention herein illustrated, but I desire it to be understood that such detail disclosures are not to be construed as amounting to limitations except as they may be included in the appended claims.

Having thus described my invention, I claim:

1. In a cutting machine, power driven mechanism for causing the cutting knife to descend from its position of rest to make the cut and then rise again to its position of rest, a hand control member for setting said mechanism into operation, a separate control member for actuation by the other hand of the operator, means for interrupting the action of said knife mechae nism promptly upon the removal of either of the operators hands from said control members during the descent of the knife, and means for interrupting the action of said knife mechanism when the knife upon its ascending movement ar rives again at the position of rest.

2. In a cutting machine, power driven mechanism for causing the cutting knife to descend from its position of rest to make the cut and then rise again to its position of rest, a hand control memher for setting said mechanism into operation, means tending to interrupt the action of said knife mechanism, manual control means adapted to interfere with the action of said interrupting means during the descent of the knife, and means associated with the knife mechanism for automatically interfering with the action of said interrupting means during the rising movement of the knife.

in a cutting machine, power driven mechanism for causingthe cutting knife to descend from its position of rest to make the cut and then rise again to its position of rest, a hand control member for setting said mechanism into operation, means tending to. interrupt the action of said knife mechanism, separate controls for the two hands of the operator adapted to interfere with the action of said interrupting means during the descent of the knife, and means associated with the knife mechanism for automatically interfering with the action of said interrupting means during the rising movement of the knife.

4. In a cutting machine, power driven mechanism for causing the cutting knife to descend from its position of rest to make the cut and then rise again to its position of rest, means for setting said mechanism into operation, means tending to interrupt the action of said knife mechanism, and electrical means comprising two hand switches for maintaining interrupting means ineffective during the descent of the knife and comprising a switch automatically actuated by the knife mechanism during the upward movement of the knife for maintaining the said interrupting means ineffective.

5. In a cutting machine, power driven mechanism for causing the cutting knife to descend from its position of rest to make the cut and then rise again to its position of rest, means for starting said mechanism and maintaining it in operation until `the knife descends to make the cut and returns to said position of rest, said means comprising an electrical circuit, and manually operated control means for holding the circuit closed until the descent of the knife is completed, and automatically operated means for holding;i the circuit closed during the upward travel only of the knife.

6. In a cutting machine, power driven mechanism for causing the cutting knife to descend from its position of rest to make the cut andcf then rise again to its position of rest, means for starting said mechanism and maintaining it in operation until the knife descends to make the cut and returns to said position of rest, said means comprising an electric circuit, two separated man-1 -90 ually operated switches for holding the circuit'" closed until the descent of the knife is completed, and automatically operated means for holding the circuit closed during the upward travel only of the knife. .95

7. In a cutting machine, a knife, a crank-shaft operatively connected with said knife for causing the latter to descend from its position of rest, make the out, and return to its position of rest, all during one revolution of said crank-shaft, 10U means for driving said crank-shaft comprising a second shaft tui-:ning at a relatively high rate of speed, control means for starting and stopping said second named shaft, and means associated with said second named shaft for operating said, control means to stop the knife mechanism before. said high speed shaft has completed one revolution whenever the operator removes his hand from said control means during the descent of the knife. l1() 8. In a cutting machine, a knife, a crank-shaftvoperatively connected with said knife for causing the latter to descend from its position of rest, make the cut, and return to its position of rest all during one revolution of said crank-shaft, means for driving said crank-shaft comprising a` vl second shaft turning at a relatively high rate of speed, control means for starting and stopping said second named shaft, a knock-out operatively associated with said control means, means operatively associated with said second named shaft" for actuating said knock-out to cause the control means to stop the knife mechanism, said last named means being actuated to-operate said knock-out whenever the operator removes his hand from said control means during the downward travel of the knife.

9. In a cutting machine, a knife, a crank-shaft operatively connected with said knife for causing the latter to descend from its position of rest, 13 make the cut, and return to its position of rest all during one revolution of said crank-shaft, means for driving said crank-shaft comprising a second shaft turning at a relatively high rate of speed, control means for starting and stopping 13 second named shaft, a knock-out operatively associated with said control means, means operatively associated with .said second named shaft for actuating said knock-out to cause the control means to stop the knife mechanism, said last 14 named means being actuated to operate said knocknout whenever the operator removes his hand from said control means during the downward travel of the knife and being actuated automaticaily at the end of the upward travel of the 14 knife.

l0. In a cutting machine, a knife, a crank-shaft operatively connected with said knife for causing the latter to descend from its position of rest, make the cut, and return to its position of rest 15 all during one revolution of said crank-shaft, means for driving said crank-shaft comprising a second shaft turning at a relatively high rate of speed, control means for starting and stopping said second named shaft, a knock-out operatively associated with said control means, means operatively associated with said second named shaft for actuating said knock-out to cause the control means to stop the knife mechanism, and electrical means for controlling said last named means, said electrical means including a switch to be held in a given position by the operator until the knife has completed its descent.

11. In a cutting machine, a knife, a crank-shaft operatively connected with said knife for causing the latter to descend from its position of rest, make the cut, and return to its position of rest all during one revolution of said crank-shaft, means for driving said crank-shaft comprising a second shaft turning at a relatively high rate of speed, control means for starting and stopping said second named shaft, a knock-out operatively associated with said control means, means operatively associated with said second named shaft for actuating said knock-out to cause the control means to stop the knife mechanism, and electrical means for controlling said last named means, said electrical means including a switch to be held in a given position by the operator until the knife has completed its descent and including also a switch automatically held by the knife mechanism in a given position during the upward travel of the knife.

12. In a cutting machine, power driven mechanism for causing the cutting knife to descend from its position of rest to make the cut and then rise again to its position of rest, means for starting said mechanism and maintaining it in operation until the knife descends to make the cut and returns to said position of rest, said means comprising an electric circuit, manually operated means for holding the circuit closed until the descent of the knife is completed, and automatically operated means in shunt with said manually operated means, said automatically operated means serving to hold the circuit closed during the upward travel of the knife.

13. In a cutting machine, a knife, power driven mechanism for causing the knife to descend from its position of rest, make the cut, and move upwardly again to its position of rest, a longitudinally movable shipper bar for starting and stopping said mechanism, a dog on said bar, said mechanism comprising a driven shaft located near said shipper bar, a knock-out loosely mounted cn said shaft, a clutch between said shaft and knock-out, and means for setting said clutch to cauce said knock-ont to shift said dog and thereby move said shipper bar to stop said mechanism.

le. In a cutting machine, a knife, power driven mechanism for causing the knife to descend from its position of rest, make the cut, and move upwardly again tc its position of rest, a longitudinally movable shipper bar for starting and stopping said mechanism, a dog on said bar, said mechanism comprising a driven shaft located near said shipper bar, a knock-out loosely mounted on said shaft, a clutch between said shaft and knock-out, means for setting said clutch to cause .said knock-cut to shift said dog, and electrical means for maintaining said clutch setting means ncrrnally inoperative.

l5. In a cutting machine, a knife, power drivineclianism for causing the knife to descend from position of rest, make the cut, and move upwardly again to its position of rest, a shipper bar for starting and stopping said mechanism, a dog' on said bar, said mechanism comprising a driven shaft located near said shipper bar, a knock-out loosely mounted on said shaft, a clutch between said shaft and knock-out, means for setting said clutch to cause said knock-out to shift said dog, electrical means for maintaining said clutch setting means inoperative, said electrical means comprising a manually operable switch effective during the downward travel of the knife and an automatic switch effective during the upward travel of the knife back to said position of rest.

FREDERICK W. SEYBOLD.

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