US1928516A - Centrifugal hammer - Google Patents

Description

Sept 26, 1933. L. w. VAN BUSKIRK CENTRIFUGAL HAMMER Filed Nov, 6, 1931 Patented Sept. 26, 19.33 A;

1,928,516 onnrarrooaa HAMMER Lesher Wharton Van Buslrirk, Easton, Pa.

Application November 6, 1931. Serial No. 573,506

' 4 Claims. (Cl. Sis-11) The present invention relates to new and useful' improvements in centrifugal hammers such as used in machines for pulverizing or crushing coal, stone, and other materials, and the primary object of the invention is the provision of a novel and improved breaking, pulverizing or crushing hammer or member for use in a rotary or'centrifugal disintegrator which will be both economical and efiicient in operation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a hammer which has a removable and replaceable head or wear end which may be readily replaced by a new one when worn out.

A furtherobject of the invention is the provision of a centrifugal or similar hammer having a replaceable head whichmay be reversed so as to present a new sharp crushing or pulverizing surface to the material worked upon.

A further object is the provision of a novel hammer or crushing member of the kind indicated wherein when the forwardly presented crushing faces have beenreversed and worn out, the renewable head can be reversed end for end and the faces thus presented can be reversed when worn until both faces are worn out; thus, the removable crushing member is adapted to present four sharp crushing surfaces before being rendered unserviceable for further use.

I A further object is the provision of a hammer or crushing member of the kind indicated wherein the crushing faces disposed at the opposite sides of the hammer have a depressed area be-- tween the faces and this depression is of such shape that after one crushing face has worn a new crushing face will be presented without requiring the reversal or turning end to end of the crushing member. Thus, a hammer having a replaceable head of this type when originally put into service with four sharp crushing surfaces will develop into a head. progressively presenting.

eight crushing surfaces before the head is Worn out and replaced.

A further object is the provision of a hammer of the type indicated wherein, when the. removable head is worn out, there will be a minimum amount of metal remaining in the head, thereby reducing the waste of metal. 1 r

A still further object of the invention is to pro vide a two part hammer in which the. renewable head is retained rigidly on the shank Without'the" use of bolts, pins or similarfastening elements.

With the foregoing obiectsin view the invention will be better understood by reference to the following description when read in connection with the accompanying drawing illustrating the preferred embodiment thereof, and in which,

Fig. 1 is a side elevation of the improved centrifugal hammer.

Fig. 2 is an end view of the hammer.

Fig. 3 is a fragmentary detail perspective View of the parts of the hammer.

Fig. 4 illustrates the manner in which one prong of the crushingor pulverizing head progressively wears away to present a new crushing face after the original crushing face has worn out.

Fig. 5 shows a crushing head turned end to end to present a new crushing face after the one of the prongs has worn out.

The numeral 1 designates a flat bar metal shank having a hole 2 at one end for pivotal mounting in a rotor, as usual in this form of hammer. The outer extremity of the shankis enlarged in cross section, such enlargement be ing greater than the cross section of the apertured end 8 so that the hammer head 4 can be assembled with the shank by slipping it over the head end thereof. The enlarged portion 5 of the shank a fits snugly within the opening 6 of the head and terminates in outwardly beveled portions 7 fitting snugly within corresponding beveled recesses 8 so as to insure that the enlarged end of the shankv is wedged into the" head. The renewable head is symmetrical about both of its center lines in order to be reversible to different positions so as to successively present new'crushing faces beforethe head is replaced.

It will therefore be noted that the symmetrical beveled recesses 8 disposed toward the apertured end of the shank will have the effect of decreasing the bearing or support of the head on the shank. Therefore, in order to increase the support and securely retain the head in position on the shank, a wedge shaped collar 9 with extensions 21 on each sidereceived in grooves 22 in the head, is formed with a longitudinal groove or channel 10 to straddle the shank and with beveled extensions 11 to match the beveled recesses 8 in the head. The collar and the shank are provided with registering apertures 13 and it for the reception of a fastening element 15 for securely retaining the parts together in assembled relation.

It is sometimes desirable to have the head of the centrifugal hammer arranged so that it is "retained in unsymmetrical relaticnor cooked with respect to the center line of the shank." This may be accomplished by forming the beveled ends '7 and corresponding beveled recesses. 8 with difierent inclinations. V

In use, the cutting edges or grinding faces 16 of the head are gradually worn away and dulled and the ends thereof assume a convex shape, as indicated at 17 in Fig. 4. The head may then be removed from the shank and reversed and secured in adjusted position by the wedge 9 and fastening element 15 so as to present a new and sharp cutting edge.

An important feature of the invention is the provision of a grinding head provided with prongs each having two grinding faces such that, when one face has become worn, the other face is presented to they material. This is accomplished by forming the head with depressions or channels having inclined side edges 18. The pronged extensions thus formed present grinding faces 16 which, when worn, as indicated at 19 in Fig. 4, merge into the other grinding face 18. It will therefore be apparent that the particular shaped prongs, instead of having one grinding surface which, when dulled, requires the removal of the head, presents two grinding surfaces to be dulled before requiring the head to be reversed on the shank to present a new prong to the material, as indicated by the numeral 20 in Figs. 1 and 5. Thus, a replaceable head having four prongs will successively present eight cutting faces before being worn out and replaced.

From the above description it will be apparent that I have provided a rigid centrifugal hammer in which the wear of the hammer head is double at the grinding or contact faces of each prong before requiring reversal on the shank to present a new grinding surface, thus materially prolonging the average period of use of the hammer head before replacement thereof arises.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. A hammer of the character described comprising a shank having one end adapted to be pivotally mounted, the other end of the shank being enlarged in cross section and having 0ppositely disposed beveled extensions, and a reversiblegrinding head having an opening for the head to slip over the first mentioned end of the shank, said head having beveled recesses merging into the opposite ends of the opening to reversibly receive the beveled extensions to retain the head in position against centrifugal force, a collar embracing the shank and having a pair of beveled extensions extending into corresponding beveled recesses in the head, and means for securing said collar to the shank.

2. A hammer of the character described comprising a shank having an enlarged end adapted to be pivotally mounted, the other end of the shank being enlarged in cross section to a greater extent than the other end and having laterally extending beveled extensions, and a reversible grinding head having an opening for the head to slip over the first mentioned end of the shank, said head having beveled recesses merging into opposite ends of the opening to reversibly receive the beveled extensions to retain the head in position against centrifugal force, an apertured collar embracing the second mentioned enlarged end of the shank from one end thereof, said collar having a pair of beveled extensions received in corresponding beveled recesses in the head, and means for securing the collar to the shank.

3. A hammer of the character described, coinrising a shank having one end adapted to he pivotally mounted, the other end of the shank being enlarged in cross section and having a seat portion, a reversible grinding head having an opening for the head to slip over the first mentioned end of the shank, said head having seat providing means adjacent the opposite ends of the opening to reversibly receive the seat portion of the shank to retain the head in position against centrifugal force, and removable supporting means positionable on the shank and adapted to supportingly engage the seat providing means of the head, which is not engaging the seat portion of shank, whereby to support and sustain the same.

4. As a new article of manufacture, a hammer head having means for transverse seating on a shank, said head providing primary grinding portions at each end, selectively engageable with the material to be ground according to the position of the head on the shank, and each end of said head having a recess diverging to greater width in the direction of the outer adjacent end of the head, whereby to separate and space the primary grinding portions, and said outwardly diverging walls of said recess at each end of the hannner providing a pair of secondary grinding edges adapted to be presented for service when the corresponding primary grinding edges have been worn down.

LESHER WHARTON VAN BUSKIRK.

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