US1896806A - Centrifugal machine - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 7, 1933. G. TER MEER 1,896,806

CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Feb. 7, 1933. G. TER MEER 1,896,806

CENTRIFUGAL MACHINE Filed Sept. 23, 1931 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 7, 1933 UNIT D T S" A E OFFICE I eus'rav m, man, or mnucn, GERMANY, assrenon. 'ro mum-r. one a sons, or 1 nnwxoax, n. Y a oonronarron or new Yon: v

- manna-near. momma:

' Application illed September 28,1931, Serial No. 584,002, and in- Germany January to, 1880.

I have filed applications in Germany on January 10, 1930, and September 16, 1930.

This invention relates to continuously working centrifugal machines with imperfo- 5 rated drum, in which solid materials are separated from liquids or semi-liquid materials under the action of the centrifugal force,

wherein such materials 'are admitted into the specifically lighter clarified liquid runs ofi'v over the edge of the open side of the drum during the admission of fresh material to be treated. The efliciency of the known centrifu 'al machines of this type has not given satisfaction, quitelclarified from the drum at the beginning of the operations gradually becomes more and more clouded through particles of solids, which are carried away with the liq uid. Careful study has revealed, that the cause of the insufiicient separation must be looked for in the fact that a loosening of the solid substances already deposited on the wall of the drum takes place, which is caused by the newly introduced material to be treated. The said newlyintroduced material is thrown with great velocity and force in a vertical direction on the deposited solid substances and thus stirs these solid materials up again. Strong eddies are'created at these spots, through which the solid particles are torn away in the direction of flow, so that the leave the drum together with the liquid.

he main object of the present invention is to eliminate this fault. This is attained in accordance with this invention in the manner,

that the material to be treated, which enters 40 the drum and tends to flow in the direction of the circumferential wall of the drum under the influence of centrifugal force, is deflected in its flow'into a direction at least nearly parallel to the circumferential wall of the drum by suitable means and within the zone of solid particles.

' The eificiency of the centrifugal machine can further be improved by careful distribution of the material under treatment within the drum. According to the present invenbecause the liquid, which runs .tionthis is done by an annular distributor pipewithin the drum such ipe having a slot along itswhole length, which may prefervention will become apparent as the description proceeds.

In the accompany'in drawin Fig. 1. is a longitudihal sectioi through a centrifugal machme, a

Fig. 2 is a cross section along the two lines A-B and G-D,

Fig. 3 is'a'special design of the drum. 1' is the continuously revolving shaft of the centrifugal machine which is supported in two bearmgs 2 and 3. It carries on one end the driving pulley 4. The drum 5 is rigidly-wedged on the shaft 1 between the two bearings 2 and 3. The drum is surrounded by a casing, consisting of the upper portion 6 and the lower portion 7. On the inside of the drum and at some distance from the back wall of the drum an annular wall 8' is' provided, vertically to the shaft 1. The said wall 8 is connected with the back wall of the drum by means of radial ribs 9, the innermost end of which is bent of! tangentially as shown on Fig. 2, thus forming radial conduits 12 for the material under treatment. The latter is introduced into the drum through thepipe 13, which ends in an annular channel 14-of the distributor pipe 15. The latter is fastened to the discharge spent 17 by means of the annular bracket 16. The

annular distributor pipe is provided with a slot 18, extending all over its' length and pointing towards the back wall of the drum and having a slide 19, whichenables a varia-' tion of its width, so that it can be adjusted to the natureof the material to be treated. The material under treatment leaves the distributor pipe 15 on its whole circumference in an even flow and enters the conduit channels 12 of the drum. The centrifugal force formed on the one side by the outer edge of against the layer of solids on the wall of the drum and thus the disturbance of the latter solids is avoided. The liquid is thusseparated during its flow towards the edge of the drum from the heavier solid particles throu h the action of the centrifugal force, where ythe solid particles come to rest in the layer 20 as'they leave the annular slit 21.

c The clarified liquid leaves the drum over the e rin 22 may preferentially be hollowed on t e edge opposite the annular wall 8, thus deflecting the material passing into centrifuging zone of the drum 5 in a gentle curve.

As shown on Fig. 1 the ring 22 will be made of such dimensions, that its inner diameter will come level with the inner limit of the zone 20 of. the solid materials.

The invention ma be worked also in a manner as shown on ig. 3. In this'the circumferential wall of the drum is provided with a shoulder to take the place ofthe ring 22. The provision of the ring 22 is however preferable owing to the greater simplicity and every imperforated drum of a centrifugal machine can thus be altered in accordance with the present invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A centrifugal machine for separating solids from liquids, including a rotary drum having an imperforate peripheral wall, an annular Series'of radially extending conduits for delivering the material to be treated towards the periphery of said drum, and an annular nozzle at the outer ends of said conduits for projecting the material in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of rotation of the drum. a

2. A centrifugal machine for separating solids from liquids, including a rotary drum having an imperforate peripheral wall and an end wall, an annular member spaced from said end wall and forming therewith a pas sage for the delivery of material to be treated, towards the periphery of said drum, and a ring encircling the discharge end of said passage and forming with said wall member an annular slot concentric with said peripheral wall and adjacent thereto. and facing in a direction substantially parallel to the axis of rotation 0"? said drum. e

3. A centrifugal machine for separating solids from liquids, including a rotary drum having a peripheral wall and an end wall,

neeaaoc a series of radially extending)passages, the f radially inner ends of said r 5 being ofiset in a tangential direction.

4. A centrifugal machine for separating,

solids from liquids, including a tary drum having an imperforate peripheral wall and an end wall, a partition spaced from and approximately parallel to said end wall, a pluralityof ribs connectin said partition and said end wall, and formmg therewith an annular series of substantially radially extending channels terminating adjacent to said peripheral wall, a ring encircling the radially outer ends of said channelsand spaced therefrom to form nozzles for de# fleeting material towards the end of the drum opposite to said end wall, an annular conduit concentric with respect to said eripheral wall, and having an annular charge nozzle nearthe radially inner ends,

of said channels, and a conduit for delivering material to be treated to said annular conduit.'

5. A. centrifugal machine for separating solids from liquids, including'a drum adapt- 'ed to be rotated about a. horizontal axis and having an imperforate peripheral wall and an end wall, a partition in said drum s aced from and substantially parallel to sai end wall, and forming therewith a passage for substantially radial flow of material to be treated, said peripheral wall having an annular portion oil'set inwardly at the endthereof near said end wall to form a shoulder spaced from the radially outer end of said passage for directing the liquid from said passage towards the end of said drum opposite to-said end wall and in a path spaced" inwardly from said peripheral wall.

6. A centrifugal. separator including a drum rotatable about a horizontal axis, and having an imperforate peripheral wall and an end wall, a non-rotatable annular delivery member disposed within the drum adjacent to the end wall, and having an annular outlet concentric with said peripheral wall adjacent to and encircling the axis of.

.from said peripheral wall.

7. A centrifugal. machine for separating solids from liquids, including a drum ro tatable about a horizontal axis and having an imperforate peripheral wall and an end wall, a wall member in said drum andspaced from said end wall to form therewith a passage for conducting in a radial direction the material to be treated, and an annular ring within said peripheral wall and forming with said wall member an annular slot concentric with said peripheral wall but spaced therefrom, said ring having the radially inner side thereof curved to directthe material toward the end of the drum opposite to said end wall.

8. A centrifugal separator, including a separating drum rotatable about a horizontal axis and having a peripheral wall and an end wall, a stationary annular conduit encircling the axis of said drum and disposed adjacent to said end wall and having an annular outlet, an annular slide member engaging said conduit and also encircling the axis of said drum and movable axially of said drum for controlling said outlet, and

means for directing material from said outlet toward said peripheral wall and thence substantially ax1ally in a path spaced inwardly from said peripheral wall.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification.

GUSTAV TER MEER.

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