US1873015A - Internal combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Aug, :23, 1932.

F. J. OMO

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed June 5, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet l INVENTOR Patented Aug. 23, 1932 UNITED STATES FRANK J. GHQ, 01 NEW YORK, N, Y.

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Application filed .Tunehli,

This invention relates to improvements in internal combustion engines, and more especially to a novel engine of the opposed piston type.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide an engine of this character, in which all of the parts may be effectively air-cooled, and in which the pistons themselves function as valves to govern the intake of the explosive mixture, and the exhaust of the spent gases.

A further and important object isto provide novel means for directly transmitting motion of the pistons to the power shaft of the engine.

With the foregoing objects outlined and with other objects in view which will appear as the description proceeds, the invention consists in the novel features hereinafter described in detail, illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 is an elevation of the engine, partly in vertical section, and partly broken away to facilitate illustration.

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical sectional view of the same, taken on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

- vided in the lower Figs. 8 and 4 are horizontal sections taken respectively on line 3-3 of Fig. 1, and line 4-4 of Fig. 2.

In the drawings, 5 designates a stationary cylinder which is of tubular form, and has both of its ends open. This cylinder is provided with annular fins 6 for air-cooling purposes, and the upper portion of the cylinder -has a circum-ferentially arranged series of exliaust ports 7, which are of relatively large size, so as to allow expeditious discharge of the exhaust gases. desired, into any suitable exhaust conduit.

A similar series ofinlet ports 8 areiproportion of the cylinder, and

these ports lead into a hollow ring or conduit 9, into which an explosive mixture may be fedfrom a pipe IOthatpreferably leads to a blower 11, which is operated by the engine. If the engine is to be of the oil injection type, the parts 9, 10 and 11 simply to force compressed air into the cylinder.

These ports may lead, if

may be employed- 1929. Serial No. 368,497.

Arranged within the bore of the cylinder is an outer piston or movable cylinder 12, which has a closed top 13 in which a spark plug 14 may be arranged. The lower end of the piss ton 12 is extended downwardly into the crank case 15, and the depending portion of the piston is slotted lengthwise to provide arms. 16 which are joined at their lower ends to a collar 17 that is provided with four spaced grooves or notches 18 to receive these arms.

In this way, thecollar 17 is rigidly connected with the outer piston, and this collar has diametrically oppositely projecting trunnions 19 which, during the operation of the'engine, slide upwardly and downwardly in vertical guide slots 20, formed in guideways 21 which are rigidly fixed to the crank-case.

As best shown in Fig. 3, the trunnions 19 may be the ends of a pin 22 which extends through the collar 17, and carries a roller 23, which may rotate on the pin. This roller imparts movements of the piston 12 directly along the axial line of the piston to a cam 24 that is fixed to the power shaft 25, and this can} preferably has the shape of a Cassinian An inner or opposed piston 26 reciprocates within the piston 12, and the inner. iston carries near its lower end, a pin 27 whic supports a rotatable roller 28 that is housed partially within the lower end of the piston 26. This roller also bears along the axial line of the pistons upon the cam 24, and always at a point directly opposite to that of the roller 23, and consequently, as the pistons move away from one another under the force of the explosion, such force is imparted directly to the cam 24, so that maximum power is given to the shaft 25. a

For the purpose of maintaining the rollers in contact with the cam at all times, the pins of the rollers are pivotally connected to pairs of links 28 and 29,'and these links are pivotally connected to a pin 30 which carries a roller 31 that is in constant engagement with the periphery of the cam.

Intake ports 32 and exhaust ports 33 are provided in the movable cylinder, andeooperate respectively with the parts 8 and 7 of the stationary cylinder. I

It will be noted that the trunnions 19 and guideways 21 functionto take the thrust imparted by the movable cylinder.

From the foregoing it is believed that the operation will be apparent to those skilled in the art, but briefly, it may be stated that when the parts are in the positions shown in the drawings, the charge is under compression and ready for ignition. Upon ignition, the pistons move apart and the forces thus generated are directly applied to the cam 24 which in turn imparts the same to the power shaft. When the movable cylinder reaches the end of its power stroke. the ports 32 will be brought into register with the ports 8, and at the same time, the ports 33 will come into register with the ports 7. Consequently, as a fresh charge rushes in from the pipe 9, the

' exhaust. gases will be forced out through the ports 33 and 7, and then the engine is again ready for a compression stroke. As the pistons again move toward one another, the movable cylinder will uncover the ports 7, so that air from the outside may now rush through the exhaust ports 7 from the interior of the stationary cylinder. It will thus be seen that the movable cylinder also acts as a pump pis ton to draw cooling air through the open end of the stationary cylinder.

The terms and expressions employed herein are used as terms of description and not'of limitatiomand there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding an equivalents of the features shown and descri ed or portions thereof, but it is recognized that various structural modifications are possible within the scope of the inven-- tion claimed.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In an internal combustion engine of the opposed piston type, a power shaft, a cam fast on the shaft, anti-friction members carried by the pistons and bearing upon the camat substantially diametrically opposite points, and means individual to each piston group engaging the cam and operatively connected to said anti-friction members for holding the latter in contact with said cam at all times.

2. In an internal combustion engine of the opposed piston type, pins carried by the pistons and intersected by the axes of the-latter, rollers mounted on the pins, a power shaft,

and a cam fast on the power shaft and bearing at substantially diametrically opposite points on the same cam track upon said rollers.

3. In aninternal combustion engine, a power shaft, a cam fast on said shaft and having a Cassinian oval shape, a cylinder, opposed pistons in said cylinder, and anti-friction members carried by the pistons and bearing at substantially diametrically opposite points upon said cam, said pistons and cylinder forming a single combustion chamber.

4. In an lnternal combustion en ine, a stationary cylinder, stationary gui eways arranged parallel to the axis of said cylinder, a piston cooperating with the cylinder, guide members on the piston engaging said guide- -ways, a roller carried by the piston, a cam engaging said roller, and a power shaft upon which the cam is mounted, and means to maintain saidengagement between said cam and said roller, said means comprising a pair of links and a roller also in contact with said anti-friction member secured to said pistonand engaging said cam at a point spaced from said first contacts.

6. In an internal combustion engine, a stationary cylinder, a piston cooperating with the cylinder and having a slotted portion, a collar connected to said slotted portion, stationary guideways, guide means on the ring cooperating with said guideways, a power shaft, a cam fast on the power shaft and working through the slotted portion of the piston, and an anti-friction member carried y the ring and engaging said cam.

7. In an internal combustion engine, a stationary cylinder, stationary guideways arranged parallel to the axis of the cylinder, a movable cylinder cooperating with the stationary cylinder and having its lower end slotted, guide members projecting from the slotted portion of the movable cylinder and cooperating with said guideways,-a power shaft extending through the slotted portion of the movable cylinder, a cam fast on said shaft and Working through the slotted portion of the movable cylinder, a piston mounted in and cooperating with the movable cylinder, and anti-friction members on the piston and movable cylinder engaging said cam atsubstantially diametrically opposite points.

8. In anengine as claimed in claim 7, means for maintaining said anti-friction members in engagement with the cam.

9. In an internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 7, a roller engaging said cam, and links operatively connecting the roller to the piston and movable cylinder.

10. In an internal combustion engine, a stationary cylinder, stationary, guideways arranged atone end of the cylinder and located substantially parallel to the axis of the cylinder, a movable cylinder cooperating with the stationary cylinder and having its lower end 11. An internal combustion engine of the opposed iston type comprising an open ended cylin er, exhaust ports therein, a movable cylinder, a piston moyable in said cylinder and opposed 'thereto, said movable cylinder and said piston having anti-friction members on the extremities thereof, a power shaft, a modified oval shaped cam cooperating with said anti-friction rollers at diametrically op: posite points and additional linkage secured to said anti-friction rollers, said linkage including an anti-friction roller contacting with said cam at a point between said first points to continuously maintain contact be-- tween the rollers and the cam. v

12. An internal combustion engine as claimed in claim 11 in which said cam is provided with enlarged cylindrical end portions and depressed center side portions.

13. In an engine of the opposed piston type having a single combustion chamber, a shaft, a cam fast on the shaft, a pair of pistons and anti-friction members carried by the pistons and bearing upon the cam at substantially diametrically opposite points, and another anti-friction member. bearing on the cam at another point to simultaneously and positively drive both pistons.

14. In an internal combustion engine of the opposed piston type, having an independent cylinder group, a pair of pistons in said cylinder, rollers carriedby the pistons, a cam 'having a Cassinian oval cam track and having bearing points on the same cam track at diametrically opposite points, means to continually hold the rollers in contact with the cam track, and a shaft fixed to sa-id'cam whereby said shaft will be operated by the simultaneous movement of said pistons.

FRANK J. OMO.

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