US1848857A - of waterbury - Google Patents

Description

Patented Mar. 8, 1932 UNITED sTATss PATENT. OFFICE.

LOIJIS I; WEBER-T, OE WATERZBU'RY, CONNECTICUT, ASSIG-NOR TO THE AMERICAN BRASS COMPANY, OF WATERCBURY CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT corrEa-smmoN-z'mc ALLOYS No Drawing.

' copper and silicon and containing additions of a third or fourth element or additions of" both third and fourth elements to produce sound, strong alloys which are highly resistm'ant to the chemical action of certain mineral aciids, organicacids and other corrosive liqu1 s.

For the past 30 years or more theso-called silicon bronzes containing from 3.0 to 5.0 percent silicon and from 97.0 to 95.0percent copper have been known'as strong and noncorrosive alloys. I i I have discovered that the addition of zinc to copper-silicon alloys brings about a three fold improvement namel (1) When the copper-silicon-zinc alloys are remelted such alloys have a less tendency to absorb furnace gases than copper-silicon alloys containing no zinc. Sounder castings are produced when zinc is present. (2) The corrosion resistance to certain liquids is improved. For example: test made on copper-silicon-zinc alloys containing about 3.0 percent silicon and from 4 to 6 percent zinc showed a loss of'from .048 to .055 gram per/square inch in 10 percent hydrochloric acid in an alternate immersion testof 96 hours. A copper-silicon alloy of about 3.75 percent silicon tested under the same conditions had a loss of .083'gram per' square inch. (3) The alloys are when additions of zinc are made. For example: An alloy containing 97 percent copper and 3.0 percent silicon will have a tensile strength, after --a 43% percent reduction in cold rolling and drawing, ranging 105,000 to 110,000 pounds per square inch with an elongation in two inches close to 14.0 percent. Copper-silicon-zinc alloys containing close to 3.0 percent silicon and zinc from 4: to 6 percent will have a tensile strength ranging from 115,000 to 130,000 pounds per square inch and an elongation in two inches in the neighborhood of 12 percent, after the metal had received the same 43 percent reduction in cold rolling and drawing.

stronger.

from

Application filed January 15, 1930. Se'rial No. 421,071

The alloys may be prepared by melting a given weight of copper under charcoal and adding to it the required amount of silicon.

After the silion has dissolved in the copper the required amount of zinc is introduced. Some of the alloy scrap may be melted with thecopper before adding the silicon and then the zinc.

'In selecting alloys for hot working, cold rolling or drawing, alloys containing from about 1.0 percent to about 4.5 percent silicon with a zinc content of from about 1.0 to about 8.0 percent are used.: The castings are first heated for homogenizing at a temperature ranging from 700 to 800 C. for about one hour. They are then removed from the furnace and hot rolled to the desired shape. When the alloys are cold worked they are softened at certain stages by annealing for 30 minutes to one hour at temperatures ranging from500 to 700 C. After such anneals, cold Working may be continued.

In keeping the silicon content at about 3.0 percent and adding zinc, I have found that solid solutions are obtained when such copper-silicon-zinc alloys containing zinc up to about 15 percent are annealed about one hour at about 700 C. to about 800 C. The hardness of the alloys as cast increases with increase of zinc up to about 15 percent. The hardness of the castings when annealed at about 700 C. to about 800 C. increases with increase of zinc up to about 15 percent.

For sand castings I prefer to use a silicon content of about 3.5 percent and a zinc con-, tent ranging from about 10 percent to about 1 0.0 percent. For special applications, the

zinc may be increased to fifteen percent;

In order to increase the corrosion resistance to certain liquids and to add strength, tin in amounts ranging from about 6.0'percent may be added to the copper-silicon-zinc alloys. When these coppersilicon-zinc-tin alloys are to be cold worked the amount of tin added is about 0.5 percent to about 4.0 percent. For sand castings tin up to about 6.0 percent may be added. The castings may be annealed one hour at about 600to about 750 C. With this heat treatment the alloys become practically homogeabout 0.5 percent to,

neous in which state they will have better.

physical'properties for certain applications than the unannealed cast alloys. In preparing the alloys the tin is preferably added after the zinc is introduced. 7

With the use of the oxy acetylene' flame or similarmeans of melting, I have found that the copper-silicon-zinc alloys containing about 1.0 percent to 3.5 percent silicon and about 0.2 percent to 5.0 percent zinc when made intowelding rods" may be utilized extensively for welding and'brazing copper-or copper alloys. In addition to silicon and zinc the rods may contain amounts of tin ranging from about'0.5 percent to about 4.0 percent. a

The presence of a small amount of manganese has been found beneficial to these alloys,

either'the copper-.sil-icon-zinc or the coppersilicon-zinc-tin alloys, imparting. added strength, the amount added ranging from about 0.1 percent to about 0.5"percent.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention,'what I claim is: I A

1. A copper base alloy containing about 1.0 percent to about 4.5 percent silicon, about 1.0 percent to about 15 percent zinc, manganese within the limits of 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent, and the balance copper.

2. A copper-base alloy for hot and cold Working containing about 1.0.percent to about "4.5 percent silicon, about 1.0 percent to 8.0

percent zinc, manganese within the limits of 0.1 percent to 0.5 percent, andthe balance copper.

containing about 1.0 percent to about 3.5 per cent silicon, about 012 percent to 'about 5.0

percent zinc, manganese within the limits of 0.5'percent, and

about 0:1 percent to about the balance copper.

4. A copper-base alloy containing about 1.0 percent to about 4.5 percent silicon, about 1.0 percent to about 15 percent zinc, about 0.5 percent to about 6.0 percent tin, manganese within the limits of 0.1 percent to 0.5 percent, and the balance copper.

. 5. A copper-base alloy for hot and cold working containing about 1.0 percent to about .4.5 percent silicon, about 1.0 percent to about 8.0 percentzinc, about 0.5 percent to about 3. A copper-base alloy for welding rods 4.0 percent tin, manganese within the limits of p 0.1 percent to 0.5.percent, and the balance copper. s

6. A copper-base alloy for welding rods containing about" 1.0 percent to about 3.5 percent silicon, about 0.2 percent to about 5.0 percent zinc, about 0,5 percent to about 4.0 percent tin, manganese within the limits of about 0.1 percent to about 0.5 percent, and the balance. copper. 1

s In testimony whereof I afiix my signature.

LOUIS P/WEBERT.