US1838312A - Method and apparatus for registering negatives with printing surfaces - Google Patents

Description

29, 1931. C. w. KANOLT METHOD AND lAPPARATUS FOR REGISTERING NEGATIVES WITH PRINTING SURFACES Filed Deo. V9, 1929 3 Sheets-Sheet Dec. 129, C, w KANLT e Y 11,838,312

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REGISTERING NEGATIVES WITH PRINTING SURFACESl Y Dec. 29, 1931. c. w. KANoLT 1,838,312

METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR REGISTERNG NEGATIVES WITH PRINTING SURFACES l VFiled Dec. 9, 1929 5 sheets-sheet 3 mu, I .55a E 55 Vli'atentvedfDec. 29, 1931 l' UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICEy l CLARENCE W. KANOLT, 0F NEW YQRK,'N. Y.

Application lled December 9,1929. Serial No. 412,858. I

This invention 'relates to an improvement in registering devicesv for the production of stereoscopic pictures and to a method of printing from a stereoscopic negative. This is an improvement on the invention set /forth in my prior application Serial No. 372,738, filed June 21, 1929. f

The object of the present invention is to overcome the difficulty that arises when the ribbed celluloid or similar material changes its dimensions slightly after the ribs have been formed in it. contract to a considerableextent, its ribs would no longer fit the grooved plate which supports it during the exposure, and if a print Was made on the celluloid in contact with the photographic negative, the print 'on the celluloid would not be properly located relative'to the ribs on the opposite side thereof.

The presentimprovement eil'ectively overv comes this difiiculty and provides for proper registry even when the celluloid has expanded.

l A changeable or stereoscopic picture of the f type referred to herein comprises a'sheet yof atin, on which the picture is exposed.

In the accompanying drawings: f l Fig. -1 isa vertical sectional view through the complete device;

Fig. 2 -is a horizontal section on the line Fig. 4 is a detached sectional `view ofthe holder for the linedr screen 'to be used inv connection with the invention ;A

Fig. 5 is a vertical section showing a slight modification of the box or casing'kfor the dev vice; and y Figs. 6 and 7` are dlagrammatlc vlews 1llustrating the principle of the invention.

In the drawings,- the size ofthe ridges on the celluloid and its -support is exaggerated for the'sake of clearness.

' In the form shownin Fig. 1, afboxor-ea's-N As shown, it is approximately L-shaped and 10 If it should expand or` ing is designated generally b the numeral 1 and may be open at one si e, as shown in Figs. 2 and 3, or have a suitable door to gain access to the interior thereof. Supported in the top of the box or casing 1 is a source of illumination, such as an electric lamp 2, which is arranged immediately above a photographic negative 3.

4 carried on the smooth face of the celluloid terial 4 is thus spaced slightly from the neg- Immediately beneath the negative 3 is a layer of sensitized gelatin ative 3. Asl light from the lamp 42 passes` l through the negative 3 onto the photographic sensitizedmaterial 4, the spacing of the lat` ter from the negative is such that the diverging rays from the lamp formon the surface LLan image of the negative, which is enlarged suiiiciently to matchthe ridges in thev celluloid sheet 5, which has become expanded after the ridges have been formed in it.

` To secure good results by this method, it

is desirable that the rays of light should loriginate from a source approaching a point and should contain little or no scattered light.

For this purpose a plurality of diaphragms M or partitions 6, 7 and 8 are placed in the box or casing 1, as shown in Fig. 1. r

The uppermost diaphragm 6 has a relatively fine or small opening 9 close to the lamp 2.

The other diaphragms I and' 8 have open ings therein gradually increasing in size 'andare designated by the numerals 10 and 11, respectively.

The openings 9, 10 and 11 are Just large enough to permit of passa e of direct rays of light from the lamp 2 to al parts of the nega'- tive 3. The boundaries of these raysof light are designated in Fig. 1 by thef numeral 12. The diaphra-gms and the inner surfaces of the box or casing 1 should be painted solid black to minimize reflections.

To best avoid scattered light, itis desir- Y tance may be increased Without making the apparatus too high, by using a casing of the .general form shown in Fig. 8, which casing is designated generally 4by the numeral 13.

has the lamp 2 in one end thereof and a mirror 14 in the path of the light from the lamp 2, which mirror is set at an angle to reflect the light onto the negative 3, Whichis arranged in the bottom of the casing.

Referring to Fig. 1', it -is shown that the ribbed Celluloid 5 is supported on a grooved plate having grooves of the general shape shown in F igs. 6 or 7. In order to utilize a piece of ribbed celluloid that has expanded slightly, it is necessary to have this grooved plate tit rather closely the piece of celluloid and to locate it at just the right distance below the negative to give the correct degree of enlargement to the image.

To accomplish this, the plate 15 is supported by a plate 16 rigidly connected by posts 17 with a fixed plate 18 supported in the box or casing 1. This suspends the bed-platel 16 from the plate-18 and insures permanently correct alignment of the parts. -The bedplate 16 is provided with' an inverted V- shaped ridge 19 and a ilat. ridge 20, upon Which the grooved plate 15 is supported, the

llatter being provided with a groove 21 to recelve the rib 19. The distance of the top of the plate 15 fromthe negative 3 will depend upon the thickness of this plate. A set of grooved plates may be provided with very slightly different dimensions, such that for any degree of expansion likely to be found in the Celluloid, a plate will be at hand that will iit it sufficiently closely. The thickness of each plate should be such as to give the correct enlargement for the particular size of celluloid it its. Since the amount of expansion likely to occur in the celluloid is slight, this may be accomplished without an excessively large number of plates.

The proper distance between the negative and the sensitized surface may be easily calculated. `This distance is the product of the distance -from the lamp t`o the negative and -the fraction bywhich the Celluloid has expanded.

Each of the grooved plates, such as 15, is provided with a groove 21 to receive the ridge 19 and a at surface to ride over the ridge 20. This insures an accurate location and orientation of these plates.

To facilitate putting a grooved plate 15 in place, especially when the'plate is to be close to the negative 3, the latter is carried by a plate 22 (see Fig. 2), which is hinged at 23 t`o the supporting.plate?18the hinges being accurately made so, that the' plate 22`carrying the negative may be turned back to the position shown in dotted lines in,Fig. 1.

When the negative. is thus raised, the grooved plate 15 mayr be slid into place over the ridges 19 and 20 until it reaches the stop 24 at the back, as shovvnvin Figs. 1 and 3. The negative 3 is fixed to the plate 22 by means of clamps 25.

In order to, hold the Celluloid sheet .5' Hat on the grooved plate I15,- a vacuum system may be employed, similar to that set forth in my prior application Serial No. 372,738, led J une 21, 1929, and above referred to.

The plate 15 has inner channels 26 which have several outlets 27 to the grooved surface of the plate. A vacuum is supplied by a vacuum pump or a suitable source of vacuum (not shown), which isv connected with the inner channels 26 through a pipe 28 and is controlled by a valve 29. The pipe 28 is connected With a hole 30 in the bed-plate 16 and through the flat top ridge 20. The grooved plate 15 has a corresponding registering opening 31 which registers with the opening 30 when the plate 15 is moved back against the stop 24 and in its proper position. This connects the pipe 28 with the inner channels 26 in the gooved plate 15.

Before prints are to be made from the negative 3, this negative must be properly located on the plate 22 before it is secured in place by the clamps 25. For this purpose, ajlined screen 32 (see Fig. 4) is used, as also set forth in my above referred-to application, and is used in the same Way as therein pointed out. This lined screen is mounted in a support 33,

having a groove 34 to fit over the ridge 19,

the opposite side bengiiat to ride on the ridge 20.

When the negative is to be located in the correct position, the plate 33 carrying the lined screen 32 is put in place onthe bedplate 16 in the position occupied in Fig. 1 by the grooved sheet 5; k y,

The thickness of'the plate 33 is such that when this is done and the negative is put in place, it is practically in contact with the lined screen 32. The plate 33 and the bed-plate plate 15 carrying the Celluloid 16 contain central openings 35 and 36, respectively, through which light from a lamp 37 in the bottom of the box or casing may pass up through the lined screen and the negative, which enables the 'operator to position the negative relatively to the lined screen. After being thus located, the lined screen 32 is removed and thevgrooved plate 15 carrying the Celluloid sheet 5 and the sensitized layer 4 is inserted in its place, as above described, after which the printing may take place by exposing the negative under the lamp 2, after which it may be removed and developed in the usual way.

The principle of this operation 'is shown diagrantmatically in Fig. 6, in which some of the dimensions are exaggerated for the Y sake of clearness. In this figure, the rays of light are indicated by dotted. lines passing through the lines of the negative and falling on corresponding lines on the sensitized surface 4 in registry with the bottoms of the groves on the opposite surface of the celluloi 5.

VA method applicable when the Celluloid 'has contracted to slightly smaller dimensions than it had when first formed Will now be described.

For this purpose, a convex or plano-convex lens 38 is provided, as shown in Fig. 1, and is placed in the horizontal position therein illus- `trated. When using the invention in Connecslightly convergent by passing through thev lens. If the Celluloid is placed slightly beloW the negative 3, the image pro-duced on the Celluloid will be slightly smaller than the image on the negative. A number of plates similar to the plate 151Would be provided With grooves slightly closer together than the picture strips on the negative, and each plate would have such a thickness that the image formed on the celluloid it supports Will register properly with the grooves inthe opposite side of the Celluloid.

The lens `38 is carried in a mounting 39 hinged as at 40 to a supporting bracket 41 carried by` the plate 18. A pro]ection 42 on the mounting is adapted to rest against the plate 22 or the plate 18 When the lens is in `the horizontal position to support the edge opposite the hinge 40. When the lens is not required,fit is turned back to the position shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1.

The principle of this operation is shown.

diagrammatically in Fig. 7 Where some of the dimensions are exaggerated for the sake of clearness. The rays of light are indicated by dotted lines passing through the strips of the picture in the negative 3 being converged by the lens 38. The images of the boundaries fall upon lines of the photographicl sensitive surface 4 in registry with the bottoms of the grooves on the opposite surface of the celluloid 5. w

If the rays from the lens 38 were not obstructed they would come together at a focus 43, as shown in Fig. 7 The proper distance between the negative and the ,sensitized surface may be easily calculated. This distance should be the product of the distance from the sensitized surface of a sheet of material, the opposite surface thereof having ridges formed therein, comprising holding said sensitized surface opposing and spaced from a negative, and While thus holding the surface and negative in spaced relation causing an 'exposure of the negative onto the sensitized surface.

3. A process of making changeable or.

stereoscopic pictures on a photographically sensitized surface kof a sheet of material, the opposite surface thereof having ridges formed therein, comprising registering a negative With a lined screen, removing the lined screen, holding the sheet of material in a position approximately corresponding there- With, and With the sensitized surface spaced from the negative, and printing from said negative onto the sensitized surface.

4. A process of making changeable or :stereoscopic pictures comprising forming ridges in a face of a vsheet of material, coat- -ing the opposite side with photographically sensitive material, holding said photographically sensitive surface space-d from a negative, and printing from said negative onto the surfac 5. A process of making changeable or stery eoscopic pictures comprising forming ridges in aface of a sheet of material, coating the opposite side With photographically sensitive material, holding the photographically sensitive surface spaced from a negative, and While thus holding the surface and negative in spaced relation causing an exposure of the negative onto the sensitized surface.

6. A process of making changeable or stereoscopic pictures comprising forming ridges in a face of a sheet of material, coating the opposite side of said sheet with photographically sensitive material, registering a negative With a lined screen, removing the lined screen, holding the sheet of material in a position approximately corresponding therewith, with the sensitized surface spaced from the negative, and printing ,from said negative onto the surface. v

7. A process of making changeable or stereoscopic pictures comprising registering a negative with a lined screen, holding in opposed and spaced relation to the negative the sensitized surface of4 a sheet of ribbed transparent material, and printing on the sensitized surface by exposing the negative to light on the opposite side thereof from the sensitized surface.

8. A method of making changeable or stereoscopic pictures comprising forming ridges in a face of a sheet of material, coating the opposite side With photographically sensitive material, registering a negative with a lined screen, and removing'the lined screen, applying the sheet of material in a position approximately corresponding with that formerly occupied by the lined screen, with the senmaterial, and printing on the sensitized sur`v face from the negative.

10. A process of making changeable or steroscopic pictures from a lined negative bearing a streoscopic image, comprising,

registering the negative with a lined screen, holding in opposed and spaced relation from the negative, the sensitized surface of a sheet of ribbed transparent material, and printing from said` negative onto the sensitized surface.

l1. A device of the character described comprising supporting means for a negative, and means for holding a ribbed sheet of material having a sensitized surface'in opposed and spaced relation from the negative, to vary the dimensions of the exposed portions between the negative and sensitized surface.

12. A device of the character described comprising means for supporting a negative, a supporting frame having ribs carried thereby, and a support slidably mounted on said ribs for supporting a sheet of material having a sensitized surface inopposed and spaced relation from the negative.

13. A device of the character described comprising means for supporting a negative, a supporting frame having ribs carried thereby, a supporting plate slidably mounted on the ribs and for supporting a sheet of material having a sensitized surface, with said surface lin opposed and spaced relation from the negative, and means for exposing the negative onto said sensitized surface, com

prislng a source of light spaced a substantial distance from and on the opposite side of the negative from the sensitized surface., 14. A device of the character described comprising a casing, means for supporting a Q..

negative therein, a base Vplate disposed neath said supporting means, a plate for holding a sheet of material, having a sensitized surface, with said surface in opposed and spaced relationfrom the negative, and mterfitting means between vthe base plate and the holding plate permitting slidable adl.

justment of the holding plate to properly position the sensitized surface relative to the negative. l

15. A device of the character described comprising a casing, means' for supporting a negative therein, a base plate disposed beneath said supporting means, a'plate for holding a sheet of material, having a-sensi-' tized surface, with said surface in opposed madera and s aced relation from. the negative, and inter tting means between the base plate and the holding plate permitting slidable adjustment of the holding plate. to properly position the sensitized surface relative to the negative, a source of light on the opposite 1 side of the negative from the sensitized surface and spaced a substantial distance therefrom, and diaphragms or partitions within the casing havin-g openings therethrough for the passage of light to the negative, said openings beginning with approximately a'point size nearest the source of light and gradually increasing in size toward the negative;

16. A deviceY of the character described comprising a casing, means for supporting a negative in said casing, means for supportmg a sensitized surface 1n spaced relation from the negative, a source of light for eX- 'posing the negative onto the sensitized sur- -comprising a casing, means for supporting a

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