US1829148A - Boiler - Google Patents

Description

Patented Oct. 27, 1931 PATENT OFFICE EDWARD C. KLINE, OF STREATOR, ILLINOIS .'BOILER Application led March 11, 1929. Serial No. 346,136.

My invention relates to heat exchange de-A vices of the class known as boilers and has to do more particularly with devices primarily designed for imparting heat to a fluid which is to be utilized in the heating of a dwelling place or other building.

It has long been recognized as desirable in boilers of the type referred to that the fluid be conducted in thin streams, iilms or I0 columns in order that the maximum number of molecules of the fluid may be brought into contact with the surface of the heating members. However, in order to attain a high s efficiency by this method, it has not been possible to provide circulation of a sufHcient quantity of water to meet the average heat require-ments of a dwelling of ordinary size and still maintain the size of the boiler within practical limits.

A particular object of my invention, therefore, is to provide ayboiler of high thermal efficiency which at the same time' will have a high capacity; that is to say, which will be capable of transferring a large number of heat units to a large quantity of heating fluid per unit of time.

Another object is to provide such a device which will occupy a minimum of space.

. A further object is to provide an improved method of heat exchange.

Still another object is to provide such a device which will be simple in construction, inexpensive to manufacture and durable.

Various other objects and advantages of the construction herein shown and described will be obvious to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein given.

To this end my invention consists in the novel construction, arrangement and combination of part-s herein shown and described, and more particularly pointed out in the claims.

Referring now to the drawings, forming a part of this specification and representing a preferred embodiment of the invention;

Fig. 1 is a sectional view taken on a vertical plane through a boiler embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken substantially on the line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

The numeral 10 in Fig. 1 represents a radiator of any suitable type adapted to utilize a heat exchange iiuid such as hot water, steam i or the like, and forming part of the heating system of a building. The radiator 10 communicates by means of a conduit 12 with a boiler indicated generallyat 13 embodying Y tially ninety `degrees apart.V These nipples are connected by means of elbows 19 or the like to tubes 20 and 20 which are arranged in parallel rows vertically spaced from each other. As shown in Fig. 2, however, the individual tubes of each row are staggered with reference to the tubes of the other row in order to facilitate complete circulation of the gases of combustion, so that the tubes of the upper row may not be shielded by the lower tubes. The tubes 2O and 20 are connected by means of elbows 21 to nipples 22 and 22 arranged in parallel rows and providing communication with a water baiile 25.

The water bailie 25 comprises bottom and top plates 26 and 27 respectively which are spaced a relatively short distance apart in parallel relation and connected by means of integral side walls 28 so as to be substantiallv in the form of a rectangular parallelopiped. The baille 25 is substantially flush with the inner walls of the boiler setting 14 on three sides thereof and is secured` to the setting by means of lugs 3() which `are preferably formed integrally with the baffles. y

At the free end of the baffle are nipples 81 and 3l arranged in parallel rows in the upper plate 27 which provide iiuid outlets from thel baffle. These nipples communicateV by means of elbows 33 with rows of tubing 34 and 34. These tubes are arranged in paral- Vlel rows and in staggered relation to each other in substantially the same manner as` the tubes 2O and 20'; Y Y n The tubes 34 and 34 communicate withl a waterbalile 38 which is substantially similar to thev baffle 25. Furthermore, the bfi-me 38 is staggered with reference to the baffle that istosay, it is spaced away from the oppositev wall to that from' which the baffle 25 is spaced in order that the vgases of combustion may be forced to circulate iii a circuitous path around the tubesand baffles.

Batlle 38 communicates by means of nipples and elbows similar to those described above, withtubes '42 and 42 which` are ari ranged similarly to the tubes 2O and 20.

` These tubes 42 and 42 communicate by erably substantially flush with the topwall means of elbows and nipples with a water baffle 45 which is substantially similar to the baffles 25 vaiid38. and is staggered. with reference to the baille 38. The balfler45 is prefofthe boiler setting 14.

The baffle 45 communicates by meansof an outlet tube 47 with the radiators' of the heating system. including the radiator l0. 1A flue 50 may be provided at any suitable point in-theupper part of the boiler setting and suitable manholes (not shown)` for facilitating the cleaning of the baffles, tubes, etc. may be disposed at desired points .inthe Y setting.

' application of my invention'particularly to hot water heating systems. In sucha case, the system is filled with water from a suitable source (not shown), and a source of heat V{ not shown) is provided in the lower part of theboiler setting. Y Such a source of heat. may be produced from coal, oil or otherV suitable fuel-and with any convenient type of grate or burner.l As the gases ofv combustion arise,

they will be forced to circulate in a tortuous faces of the water baffles.

Y claims.

path through the tubesand along the sur- Such a tortuous path is insured by the staggered relation of the baffles, and the staggered relation of the rows of tubing assures that the hot gases will make eiicient Contact with every tube, in-

asmuch as no tube is shielded.

In one embodiment the baffles are about eightfeet long and two feet wide,the plates being spaced aboutv an inch apart. It will thus be seen that,with these loaflies, the hot gases will be forced to travel over 24 feet before reaching the flue all thewhile maintaining contact with the surfaces of the heat exchangemeinbers. Furthermore, in the embodiment mentioned the boiler may be constructed with a surprisingly low weight, in View of its high heating area.

. n By providing aplurality of iowsof tubing to conduct fluidto and from each of the water baies, the capacity Vof rthe boiler -is greatly increased. f Y j f- The capacity of the tubing between each pair of baffles is preferably greater by,say, 25 percent than that of the heating system outside of the boiler, inorder to facilitate circulation.V While I have shown two rows of tubing as serving each baille, it` is obvious i that any convenient number of rows might be utilized, and I am therefore not to be limited to the specific number or arrangement shown, except as specified in the vappended It is alsoto be noted that each molecule of water in the heating system is forced to travel the entirelength of all of the baffles,

and is also-forced to travel the entire length ofthe tubing between each of the baffles. Inasmuch as the baies are relatively thin and the tubing is of relatively small diameter, c

preferably one inch, it is obvious that practically all of dihe water in the vsystem is lbrought intocontact with an extremely large area-:of heating surface in spite of the'fact that boilers embodyingy lmy inventionv may be set up in comparatively small space. Thus in the embodiment referred to the total travel of each molecule within the heating elements is about 48H feet. kFurth,erm/ore," s uch an embodiment maybe Aset up in atotal height of about four feet. This means not only economy of space but also improved circulation in increasing the drop from the-radiators to the boiler.` n. Y

' Havingthus describedmy invention, it is obvious that various immaterial modifications inay be 'made in the same without'departing fromV thev spirit of my invention; hence I do not wish to be understood as limiting myself lto the exact form, construction, arrangement and Vcombination of partslierein shown and described, or uses mentioned. Thus, while I have shown three baflies', it is obvious that this number may be varied in either direction to meet various requirements.

lVhat I claim as new and desire to secur by Letters Patent is:

l. In a boiler of the class described, a setting, a plurality of relatively thin hollow baffles arranged in said setting so as to cause the gases of combustion to follow a circuitous path, and tubular means forming the sole outlet of each of said baffles and serving to conduct fluid therefrom to the adjacent baffle therea-bove. said tubular means being so arranged that a given quantity of heating fluid will be caused to circulate throughout substantially the entire length of each of said baffles in the same direction.

2. In a fluid heating system, a boiler setting, a plurality of relatively thin hollow baffles in said setting, and tubular means forming the sole outlet of each of said baffles and serving to conduct fluid therefrom to the adjacent baffle thereabove, said tubular means having a. fluid capacity at least equal to that of any other part of said system.

3. In a Huid heating system, a boiler setting, a plurality of relatively thin hollow baffles arranged in staggered relation in said setting, and tubular means forming the sole outlet of each of said baffles and serving to conduct fluid therefrom to the adjacent baffle thereabove, said tubular means having a fluid capacity at least equal to that of any other part of said system.

4. In a boiler of the class described, a setting, a plurality of relatively thin hollow baes arranged in staggered relation in said setting. and a plurality of tubes connected to said baiiles and extending longitudinally thereof for conducting fluid from one baffle to an adjacent baffle thereabove. whereby a given quantity of heating fluid is caused to circulate throughout substantially the entire length of each of said baliles.

5. In a boiler of the class described, a setting, a plurality of relatively thin hollow baffles arranged in said setting so as to cause the gases of combustion to follow a circuitous path. and a plurality of tubes connected to said baffles and extending substantially parallel thereto and in staggered relation with respect to each other whereby a given quantity of heating fluid is caused to circulate throughout substantially the entire length of each` of said baffles.

6. In a boiler of the class described. a setting. a plurality of relatively thin hollow baffles arranged in said setting so as to cause the gases of combustion to follow a circuitous path. and tubular means forming the sole outlet of each of said baffles and serving to conduct fluid from adjacent the end of one baille to the remote end of an adjacent baflle thereabove, said tubular means being so arranged that a given quantity of heating fluid will be caused to circulate throughout substantially the entire length of each of said baffles.

7. In a boiler of the class described, a setting, a plurality of relatively thin hollow baffles arranged in staggered relation and having their free ends spaced from opposite walls of the setting, and a plurality of tubes connected to said baffles and extending longitudinally of the baffles for conducting fluid from the free end of one baille spaced from one of said walls to the free end of an adjacent baffle spaced from the other of said walls whereby a given quantity of heating fluid is caused to circulate throughout substantially the entire length of each of said baflles in the same direction.

In witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 22nd day of February, A. D.

EDWARD C. KLINE.

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