US1816329A - Mechanism for making roofing - Google Patents

Description

July 28, 1931. R. T. JOHNSTON v MECHANISM FOR MAKING ROOFING Filed March 20, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet l Zfhbe? JWZYZ 75 71723270 flr I July 28, 1931.

R. T. JOHNSTON MECHANISM FOR MAKING ROOFING Filed March 20, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 28, 1931. R. T. JOHNSTON 1,315,329

MECHANISM FOR MAKING ROOFING FiledMarch 20, 1925 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 28, 1931.

R. T. JOHNSTON MECHANISM FOR MAKING R00 FING Filed March 20, 1923 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 (ZZZI WM Patented July 1931 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROBERT T. JOHNSTON, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR, BY HESNE ASSIGNEENTSyTO THE PATENT AND LICENSING CORPORATION, OF BOSTON, MASSA- CHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSACHUSETTS mnonamsn roa' MAKING aoorme Application filed March 20, 1923. Serial No. 628,440.

' of a continuous sheet or web. The waste resulting from cutting out the slots between the tabs and trimming oil the more or less ragged margins of the sheet consists of completely treated material and is unreclaimable.

According to the present invention the waste is out from the felt before it has been treated vwith the saturant, the waste piece of felt being returnable to the pulp machine for ref lting. This eifects not only a saving by the eclamation of the felt, but also saves the asphalt and surfacing material with which the waste portions have hitherto been treated. This invention,therefore, provides mechanism for cutting out of the unsaturated felt slots to divide the tabs in thefinished strips, and at the same time trimming the deckle edges of the sheet properlyrelated to these slots. It is important that the 'deckle edge be cut at the same time as the slots in order to cause the slots to properly register with these edges, since the sheet is relatively soft and cannot be prevented from weavin laterally. The sheet is-cut crosswise pre erably at one end of each series, the slots to form individual shingle stri s after the materialghas been saturated, an if desired, after it is otherwise finished.

Means is also providedrfor chopping the edge trimmings into short lengths so that the waste from the slots and the edges is of substantially the same size and may be conveniently handled together.

Means for insuring the removal of the trimmings from the sheet in order that they may not be carried into the saturant is also provided.

Further features of the invention relate to details of the cutting mechanism as will appear from a more complete description of one embodiment of the invention shown in the accompanying drawings in which Figure 1 is a side elevation of the mecha- -n1sm.

Figure 2 is a top (plan of the same, certain parts being remove Figure 3 is a detail fragmentary elevation of a slot side cutting mechanism. Q

Figure 4 is a section on line. 4='4 of Figure 3.

Figure 5 is a detail fragmentary elevation of a slot end cutting and slot clearing mechanism.

Figure 6 is a section on line 66 of Figure 5.

Figure 7 is an end-elevation of the slot clearing actuating mechanism.

Figure 8 is a detail side elevation of the same.

Figure 9 is a section similar to the up 1' portion of Figure 4 but through the e ge trimming mechanism.

Referring first to'Figures 1 and 2, at 1 is indicated a portion of the saturatin tank through which the felt passes and w ere it is saturated with asphalt or similar material. 2 indicates a pair of supporting brackets for the mechanism of the present invention which as shown are made fast to the wall of the tank 1. Seated in a suitable socket adjacent the upper edge of the tank 1 each bracket carries a bearing 3 for a roller shaft 4. In horizontal alin'ement with the bearings 3 are guideways 5 in the portions of which adjacent the bearings 3 are positioned a pair of journal boxes 6 in which is journaled a roller shaft 7. Slidable in the guideways 5 toward and from the boxes fi are a pair of journal boxes 8 in which is' 'ournaled a roller shaft 9, while outwardly 0 the bearin boxes 8 are other bearing boxes 10 in whic is eccentrically journaled a shaft 11. Between the shaft 11 and the bearing boxes 8 are tioned blocks 12 which by rotation o the shaft 11 are caused to press against or recede Ill" guideways in which are slidably mounted ower bearing boxes 21 having journaled therein a roller shaft 22 and upper bearing boxes 23 in which is eccentrically journaled a shaft 24. Between the shaft 24 and the boxes 21 are blocks 25 which are desi ed to be pressed-downwardly against the oxes 21 or raised therefrom by rotation of the shaft 24. This shaft maybe rovided with a hand wheel 240 similar to t e wheel of the shaft ideway is in bearings 31 fixed to the inclined lower faces of the brackets 2 and thence passes upwardly between cutting and edge trimming devices carried by the shaft 9 and cooperating members carried by the shaft 7. The sheet then passes laterally between rollers carried by the shafts 4 and 22 and from thence intothe saturatingtank. The devices carried by the shafts 9 and 7 are designed to slit the sheet material to define the side edges of the cutouts between the tabs of the finished shingle elements and also to trim the deckle edges of the material to form the ends of the shingle strips to the desired contour. For this purose the shaft 9, as shown more a'rticularly in F igures 2, 3, and 4 has fixed thereto as by means of set screws 40, a series of collars 41, each collar having a pair of peri heral grooves 42 therein, the peripheries 0 these collars together forr'ning the surface of a feed roller for the sheet material. Within the grooves 42 are desi ed to bev seated blocks 43 each of which 1s provided with a pin 44 and a laterally extending flange 45, the flange 45 forming the lower end of a seat for the reception of a segmental cutting knife 46 havin a hole 47 fitting over the pin 44. The bloc s 43, together w1th the knives 46,

- fit within the grooves 42 and they may be held in positiontherein by means such as set screws'48 which extend through the end walls of the collars 41 and en age in suitable deressions in the outer aces of the blocks.

he collars 41 intermediate the sides of the sheet material each carry four cutting elements 46 which are arranged in pairs at diametrically opposite positions with relation to theshaft 9 so that in operation they form a series of pairs of s aced slits in the sheet material oppositely isposed to each other .and at intervals lengthwise of the sheet corresponding to the widths of the finished shingle strips.

The end collars 41 have the cutting elements positioned differently therein, as

'the shaft 22. Each soc shown more clearly in Figure 9. In this case the cutters 46 are fixed in-the inner grooves 42 of each collar, or those grooves farthest removed from the edges of the sheet material. In the outer grooves, however, other cutters as- 50 are fixed, these being carried by blocks similar to the blocks 43, but positioned angularly offset 0 posite the spaces between the cutters 46' an slightly overlapping the ends of these cutters, as shown in Figure 9, when viewed in a direction parallel to the axis of cutting the material between the ends of the knives 46.' As shown these knives 46 and 50 have serrated cutting edges, this being found desirable in cutting felt. The roller fixed to the shaft 7, which is shown at 55, is provided with peripheral grooves 56 positioned opposite the various knives 46 and 50 and which,

as shown, are formed in the peripheries of collars 57 fixed axially of the shaft 7 opposite the collars 41. Intermediatespacer collars 58 may be employed if desired to provide a continuous bearing surface for the sheet material as it passes over these rollers.

The rollers carried by the shafts 4 and 22 are designed to cut the ends of the. slots and to chop the edge trimmings into short lengths so that the waste from both the slots and the edges may be of substantially the same size and be handled conveniently together. The shaft 22 therefore is provided with a series of collars 60, the peripheral surfaces of which form the feeding surface of the feed roller, and each of these collars is provided with sockets 61 (see Figures 5 and 6) in each of which may be made fast a casing 62 as by means of'a set screw 63.- Each of these casings has fixed therein a chopping knife 64 these knife edges being positioned axially of et' 62 also carries a pair of clamping blocks 66 which are pressed outwardly from the base of the socket member on either side of the knife 64 by springs 67. The shaft 4 is provided with a mating series of collars 70, each collar having a plurality of seats 71 for the reception of easing members 72 which may be fixed in position by set screws 7 3. Each of these casings earl rles an anvil plate 74 of resilient material such as rubber, having a central slot 75 positioned to receive the cutting edge 65 of a knife carried by the mating collar 60,the surface of this anvil plate at either side of the slot 75 furnishing bearings for the outer ends of the clamping blocks 66. By this means the sheet material is clamped between the bearing blocks and the anvil block so that the knife 66 may cut therethrough and into the slot 75 while the material is held firmly in osltion. The knives64 are so related to the mives 46 and 50 that they cut slits joining the ends of the opposed pairs of slits intermediate the side edges of the sheet material and cut from the ends of the inner slits at the edge of the material entirely across the edge trimmings, crossing therendsofthe outer slits formed by the knives 50. The sheet material is therefore cut to form slots, each of a length of twice the length of the cut-out portions desired between ad'acent shingle simulating tabs of the finishe strip, so that it is only necessary to cut the strip crosswise intermediate the length of the slots to form a pair of oppositely facing shingle strips having tabs of the'desired size The ends of the strips thus formed are so cutrthat when two strips are positioned in lengthwise alinement their adjacent end tabs are spaced the same as adj acent tabs on a single strip.

It is im ortant that the waste material should be c eanly removed from the sheet material before it passes to the saturating tank in order that waste matter should not be carried therewith'and adhere thereto or otherwise cause an imperfect product to be produced. For this purpose means have been devised for ejecting the-cutout portions from the material. As shown this means comprises ejector elements which may be carried by the roller fixed to the shaft 4. Referring more particularly to Figures 5 and 6 it will be noted t at each collar is provided with a pair of ransverse sockets within which are slidably mounted a pair of bars 81. \Vhen positioned in the sockets these bars are inclined toward the casings 74 and at their ends adjacent these casings each of them is provided with an ejector finger element 82. The opposite end of each bar 81 is formed with rack teeth 83 which mesh with gear teeth 84 formed ina rock shaft 85. This rock shaft is journaled in the series of collars 70 which form one of the feed rollers as above noted, openings 86 being provided therethrough parallel with the shaft 4.- for this purpose. As shown the rock shafts extend beyond one of the end collars .60 of the series (Figures 7 and 8) and each has fixed thereto an arm 90, One end of each arm 90 is provided with a cam follower roller 91 which is adapted to engage during a portion of the rotation of the shaft 4 on the innerface of a cam member 93 partially embracing the shaft 22. This member may be provided with an ear or extension 94 by which it may be fixed to the 1nner,tace of one of the brackets 2, herein shown as the left hand bracket in Figure 2. The cam face of the member 93 is so shaped'that the arms 90 are rocked to bring their followers 91 toward the shaft 4 as these rollers approach the mid portion of the cam. This action causes the rock shafts to be rocked in a direction to project the ejectorfingers a ainst and-through the cutout portions to.

projecting laterally from the outer face of the collar 60 and similar pins 97 projecting from the arms at the opposite sides of the shaft 85 from the rollers9l. The mating cuttin rollers for formin the longitudinal slits an the gears by whic these rollers are operatively connected are preferably of slightly different diameters as shown in Figures 2 and 4 -in order to cause the cutters to cooperate with progressively changing angular positions with the grooved rollers to equalize wear thereon. As the feeding surfaces of these rollers must be driven at substantially equal peripheral speeds as indicated by the gearing shown in Figure 2, the difference of diameters will necessarily result in 'a difference of angular speed of rotation.- Hence each knife on the cutter roll will cooperate with a different portion of the corresponding groove in the mating roller each time it comes around. Thus the wear of the knives on the grooved roller is distributed around the entire periphery of the latter.

The various feed rollers are rotated in unison in proper timed relation, for this purpose a sprocket chain indicated at 100 being shown in Figure 1 which engages a sprocket wheel 101 (see Figure 2) fixed to the shaft 4; This shaft 4 has fixed thereto a gear 102 meshing with a similar gear 103 fixed to the shaft 9. The shaft 9 has fixed thereto a gear 104 meshing with a gear 105 fixed to the shaft 7. The shaft 4 also has fixed thereto a gear 106 which meshes with agear 107 on the shaft 22. By this'means all the feed rollers are driven in unison at the pro er rates of speed.

By turning the rock sha ts 11 and 24 thedriving engagement between the various rollers may be interrupted so that they may be turned relatively as may be necessary to cause the cutting devices to operate properly spaced on the worker to permit the insertion of new cutting elements in place of those which become worn from use or for permitting the web to be fed without the cutters being op erative in case it is not desired to cut slots in the work as when threading the material through the machine or when making roll roofing instead of strips, or for other purposes.

Having thus described an embodiment of this invention it should be evident to those a devices from the sheet, a rock shaft for actucomprising two pairs of adjacently disposed feed rollers, one of said two pairshaving segmental cutters for-cutting sheet material fed therethrough at intervals with spaced pairs'of slits and for trimming the side edges thereof, the other pair of rollers having .comprising two pairs of adjacently disposed feed rollers, one of said two pairs having segmental cutters for cutting sheet material fed therethrough at intervals with spaced pairs of slits and for trimming the side edges thereof, the other pair of rollers having axial cutters positioned to out slits joining the ends of said pairs of slits and for cutting the edge trimmings into len hs, ejector fingers carried by one of sai other pair of rollers, a-shaft journaled in said roller and operatively related to said fingers to project and retract the same by rocking of said shaft, means normally holding said fingers retracted within the periphery of said roller, and cam means for rockin said shaft as said .roller is rotated to pro ect said fingers from said roller and through the cutouts defined by said slits to remove the material cut out from the sheet.

3. A mechanism of the class described comprising two pairs of feed rollers, one of each pair having cutting devices and the other formed to cooperate therewith, means to drive said rollers in unison to feed sheet material in sequence between said pairs of rollers, the cutting devices of oneof said rollers comprising segmental knives arranged in spaced opposed pairs intermediate the width of the sheet, and angularly ofiset pairs adjacent the sides of the sheet, the cutting devices of the other of said pair of rol ers comprising longitudinally arranged cutters positioned to join the ends of the cuts formed by said opposed pairs of cutters and to cut from the cuts of said angularl offset cutters through the edges of the s eet to out the edge trimmings into lengths, ejector fingers positioned in one of said rollers in position to eject material cut out by said cutting ating said fingers, an arm fixed to said shaft, a spring urging said arm into finger-retracted position, and a stationary cam on which said arm impinges during the rotation of said roller to Project said fingers after the cutting devices have acted.

4. Mechanism for cutting sheet material comprisin a pair of cooperating feed rollers, v

a cutting evice carried by one of said rollers intermeshing gears fixed to rotate with said rollers, means for adjusting said rollers relative to each other and quickl releasable means interposed between sai adjustable means and rollers and actuable to release said rollers for relative angular adjustment.

- 5. Mechanism for cutting sheet material journal boxes of one of said rollers being movable toward and from the boxes of the rollers, journal boxes for said rollers, the i other of said rollers, guides for said movable boxes, a air of boxes, a shaft eccentrically j ourna-le in said pair of boxes, and elements bearing on said movable boxes and moving tlliegnt in said guides by the rotation of said 5 a 6. Mechanism for cutting sheet material comprising a pair of cooperating feed rollers,

a cutting device carried by one of said rollers,

intermeshing gears fixed to rotate with said rollers, journal boxes for said rollers, the journal boxes of one of said rollers being movable toward and from the boxes of the other of said rollers, guides for said movable boxes, a pair of boxes also movable in said guides, *a shaft eccentrica-lly journaled in said air of boxes, elements bearing on said mova le boxes and moving them in said guides by the rotation of said shaft, and means for adjusting said pairs of boxes in said guides.

7. In a mechanism of the classdescribed, a cutting roll having segmental cutting blades therein, and a mating roll of a different diameter having grooves to receive said blades in shearing relation in progressively changing angular relation.

In testimony whereof I have aflixed my signature.

ROBERT T. JOHNSTON.

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