US1789283A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 13, I931. c. F. 'USBQRNE. JR 3 9 INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 16. 1929 2 sheets-sheet 1 Jan. 13, 1931. c. F. USBORNE, JR

INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed March 16. 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 v abal ne Jn' 2 Patented Jan. 13, 1931 "U ITED TAT mam. USIBORNE, m, or carcass ILLINOIS.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION E GI 1 Application filedsMarch lG, 1925 Serial No. 3l 7,603; I

This invention has to do with. certain improvernents in lnternal combustlon engines and the like. The lnvent on has reference particularly to improvements in internal 5 combustion engines for automoblles, truclrs, tractors and-othermotor vehicles; but 1t w1 ll presently appear that the features are not limited to engines for the'above purposes;

Nevertheless, inasmuch-asv said features of limit myself except as, I may do sov in the claims. 7

The invention concerns itself particularly with the engine j ticketing-system or; the oil circulating system. As is wellunderstood, it both ofthesesystems are seriously influenced by the existence of low temperatures, particularly during the winter months; In the case of the engine jacketing system, the cooling and circulating liquid is subject to freez- 25 ing'with the attendant dangers and damages which are wellunderstood; and in the case of the oil circulating system the low tem- .peratureis aptto interfere with a proper functioning of the oil pump at startlng, as

, so well as seriously impeding the starting operation itself.

In addition to the foregoing, it is also well understood'that the starting ofadead-cold v engine entails not only a serious strain on the 35 starting motor, battery, and other equipment, but also results in wear and deteriora- 7 tion of the engine itselfi- This is aggravated by the necessity ofexcessive use .ofthe strangular or choke with resulting dilutlng @111 of the circulating oil by gasoline.

The'main object of the'present invention is to. make provision for storing the-circulating liquid or the oil or both, as the case may be, in a suitable heat insulated or jacketed cham- 4 her during idle intervals so that; the heat of the circulating liquid or of the oil will be effectively retained and the temperature of the liquid correspondingly maintained at said elevated degree; In this connection-it '50 an object to provide such a storagecham ber of a sufficient capacity to receiveandretain the liquid inquestion during the idle period, said liquid being substantially drained from the jacketing system or the oil circulating system as the casemay be and stored-in such heat insulated compartment'or chamber duringthe. 'idl1e interval. When hadnotbeen so storedin the heat insulated compartment... I p V Inasmuchas the acketed liquid is usually of water or alcohol or some other non-freezthe engine is obe again placed in service ing materialor a mixture of water and such materiaL and is difierent from the oil circulating system, it is substantially necessary to provide separate compartments for retain ing these two bodies of liquid together with their entrained heat. For this reason ,Ihave chosen to illustrate and describe in the drawings andspecifications of this application; only the apparatus and connections used in conjunction. with the jacketing system; but it, will be understood thatI do notintend to limit myselfthereby tothe jacketing liquid system except as I-may do so inthe claims. I p Inasmuch as provision must be made for constant elimination of heatfrom the jacketing liquid during the normal operation of the system, such elimination of heat being, performed mainly by the radiator, it will be understood that it is impractical to establish tively heat insulated sothat the liquid therein will retain its. heat "for a longinterval of time even when the external temperature is very 15w asin winter conditions. I'then provided suitable connections including valves and pumpin apparatus connecting thereafter the liquid may be transferred backto the jacket circulating system when the engine is to be again placed in service. The result will be thatthe jacketliquid will retain a very largeportion of its original heat over a considerable interval of engine idleness, so that when said jacket liquid is again restored to the circulatingsystem it will be at a inateri ally elevated'temperature and under the most advantageous conditions for placing the engine in service.

In some cases the chamber or compartment willbe located at a higher elevation than the jacket clrculating system. Whenthis is the case a suitable pumping orliquid transferring arrangement is used for initially lifting the jacket liquid into such chamber or receptacle; the liquid being afterwards allowed to reenter the jacket system under a gravity flow. In other cases the chamber 'or' receptacle may be placed-at a lower elevation than the jacket systemcso that the liquid will run into the chamber or receptacle by gravity and may be afterwards pumped back' into the jacket system. In some cases the back and forth movements of the liquid will both be promptly performed by pumping or otherwise.

The pumping apparatus may be of any convenient form either hand operated or power driven; and in some cases the transfer of the liquid may be performed by. the suction of the engine itself. Inany case, however; it-is desirable to have suitable control devices located at or convenient of access from the dashboard; position.

It is also very desirable to provide an ar- 1 rangement such that the jacket liquid will be very completely drained from all por t-ions' of the circulating system so that all danger of freeze-ups will be eliminated. In this connection it willbe recalled that even after the bulk of'the liquidhas been withdrawn fromthe circulating system, there will still remain a substantial amount of liquid on'the surface or walls, which liquid will slowly drain to the lowest point. It is a further object of the invention to make provision for'picking up this last portion of the liquid and transferring it also tothe heat insulated chamber or compartment.

Other objects. and uses of the invention will appear from a detailed description of the invention Figure 2 shows on enlarged scale a frag- .mentarysection thereto, the valve device and upper end of the heat insulated chamber;

Figure 3 shows a sect-ion through one form of main control valve Figure 4shows a detailed fragmentary face view of a portion of the dashboard at the position of the control handle;

Figure 5 shows a detail section through the companion suction line valve; Figure 6 shows a detail section throughanother form 'of suctionline valve used in conjunction with a handpump arrangement;

Figure 7 shows a view similar to that of Figure 1 but it illustrates a modified form of arrangement in which a pump is used for transferring the liquid instead of making use of the engine suction; I

Figure 8 shows a fragmentary view-of the fan belt driven pump being taken on the line 88' of Figure 7 looking in the direction of the arrows and on enlarged scale;

Figure '9 shows a fragmentary section through the main control valve of the arrangement shown at Figure 7 but on enlarged scale; and v 1 Figure 10 shows a perspective view' of the control connections for-thearrange1nent of Figure7. v

Referring first to the arrangement shown in Figures 1 to 6 inclusive, the internal com bustio'n engine is designated by the numeral 7; It is provided wtih' the usual jacket for cooling liquid.- Theliquid from this jacket rises to the manifold 8' and is delivered from I usual and well understood manner. The arrangements thus far disclosed are well'known and understood in the art and it is not believed necessary to explain them at greater detail. j

' According to'my present invention 1. provide a chamber 18 having arliquid capacity substantially equal to or greater than the liquid capacity, of the jacketing system including thejacket, radiator, pump, and all connections which contain jacketing liquid.

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and j acketing'system so that thejacket liquid can return to the system by gravity. Fur: thermore most automobile and motor vehicle constructions are such as to provide an amplespace underneath the hood or cowl for the accommodation of this chamber 18 and above the level of the engine and without-the necessity of redesigning the generallayout.

I provide a connection 20 of relatively large size in conjunction with the chamber 18 at the lowest point of the jacket system so that the jacket liquid can be transferred back and forth throughsaid connection 20. For this purpose the connection 20 preferably leads directly into a valve 21 having two branches 22 and 23. The branch 22 leads into the bottom of the chamber 18 and the branch 23 leads preferably up to the top of said chamber 18 or to a small dome 24' constituting an upward extension of said chamber. The valve 21 is provided with a control plug 25 having an angular disposed passage 26. With the plug standing in the position indicated in Figure 3 communication is established between the pipes 20' and 23 which is the emptying position. By turning the valve through a movement'of 120 in the direction of the arrow in Figure 3 the pipe 20 is cut ofl from both pipes 22 and 23 which is the oil position. By turning the valve through a further movementof120 the pipes 20 and 22 are placed in communication which is the refill position. V The pipe23 may in some cases be dispensed with and both of the operations of emptying and refilling the jacket may be performed through the single connection 22 terminating in the bottom of the chamber 18. In-

such case however, the flow. of the jacket liquid up into the chamber 18 will cause considerable eddies of the liquid to take place since the inflowing liquidrwill be compelled to move up against the body of'liquid already present within the chamber. This objection is done. away with by the use of the two separate pipes as indicated;

. the lower end of the radiator 10.

-also be noted that the bottom 29 of said Preferably the .pipe 20 does not reach directly into the lower end oftheradiator or into the connection 11, but rather it leads into a small sump 27 which is placed slightly below the level of the lowest point of the circulating system as previously existing. A connection 28 leads between the sump 27. and It will sump 27 is rounded or brought to a focus. It

7 will also be understood that thesump 27 is closed so that the outofitstopf q In the arrangement illustrated in Figure l there is provided a suction connection30 leading from the upper end of the dome 24 tothe intake manifold 13 or to someother element wherein there exists a suction durjacket liquid willnot mv ing the running of the engine, as, for eX-- ample, the conne'ction'14. A valve, 31 is placed in the. connection having a p111" 32 with a cross passage 33. WVith the, plug 32 standing in the position of Fig. 5, suction is established into the. dome 2'4, but by turn.- ing the valve. 32. slightly in either direction thisconnectionis broken.

The valve plugs 25 and 32 are interconnected as. by a. rod 34 which .in turn reaches.

over to the position of the dashboard 55 where said rod is provided with a control handle 36, in position, for convenient ma ni pulation by the operator. The turning of said handle 36 turns both ofthe valve plugs Said valveplugs are so syn' in harmony. chronized, that when the passage 26 stands in'the positlon shown in Figure 3, the pas:

sage stands in the position shown in Fig ure- 5. This willv permitsuction from the running engine to be communicated to the upper portion of the chamber 18 simultaneously with the communication of the pipe 20 with thepipe 23. As a result the jacket Will only be acted upon by the accumulating liquid when the level of the, latter is almost up to thetop of the chamber 18. Thereupon the valve 39 Will beclosed to prevent any further up-flow of liquid through the pipe 20. I I

i There is another small pipe 43 leading from the lower portion ofth'e-sump 27 upwardlyland terminating inthe top of the chamber 18. As soon as the valve 39 closes the entire force of the suction coming its through the pipe 30 will be communicated 5 c on to the pipe 43 so as to drain the last portions of the liquid from the jacket system and connected parts, and so as .to completely V drain the sump27. This will insure acorn plete removal of thexliquid which hasbeen running down over the surfaces of' the walls and pipes so that practicallyno liquid Whatsoever will be left where it might be frozen.

Preferably check valves 44 and 45 are placed in the pipes 30 and 43 to permit movef inent only in the directions indicated byxthe arrows in Figure 1.

Bu lt will 1 be noted that with this arrangement the operation of transferringthe jacket liquid into the chamber 18 depends'on the existence of the-suction of the pipe 30, this in turn beingdependent on the operation of the engine. Consequently, when-the, jacket liquid is to be transferred into the'chamber 18 the engine is left running for a short interval while the valves 25 and 32stand in the proper position. Assoon. as a sufficient in terval of time has elapsed the engine may be stopped and the valves 25 and 32 may be turned to the off position. In case of engine trouble ora complete exhaustion of fuel so that the engine can not be the position shown in Figure 6; In case 01 emergency, however, said valve is turned 90 in a counterclock-wise direction so that the pump 46 is placed iIlCOlDHlUDlCiltlOIl with the dome 24. The pump is provided with the necessary check valves53 so that upon operating the handle 4'? suction will be created in the dome. I r

In the nodified construction shown in Figures 7, 8, 9, 10, the suction connection to the engine is dispensed with. In place thereof there is provided a small air pump 54. The same has a pulley 55 which can be brought into contact vith either run of the fan belt 56 which drives the cooling fan 57. lVith the pump in the full line position of Figure 8 it will operate as a compresser whereas by moving the pump over into the dotted line position of Figure 8, it will operate as an exhauster. The pumpconnects by a flexible hose 58 with thepipe' 30 which leads into the upper portion of the dome 24 as in the previous arrangement. By setting the pump in one position it will operate to exhaust. air from the chamber 18, whereas by setting the pump into the other position it will-operate to createa pressure such as would be useful for forcing theliquid out of the chamber 18 back into the circulatingsystem in case the chamber .18 was located at a lower level than the circu'lati'n system.

"TllQ..ll1&1Il' control valve 591s placed in the pipe 30, saidinain control valve including a plug 60 which a cross passage 61. 1 This plug normally stands in the position indicated in Figure 9.

i The hand pump 62 maybe provided, the same having handle 63 located at a position for convenient operation. The pump 62 is provided with check valves 64 and 65 worksystem. j I

In some cases it may be desired to create ading iii-the direction of the arrows in Fig. 7 these check valves in turn lead into the valve 59 by means of pipes 66 and 67 respectively. he valve plug 60 is provided with a pair of supplementary ports 68 and 69 which lead sidewise and communicate with the atmosphere.- The valve casing59 is provided with a relatively long passage 70 withwhich .the plug passage 61 will make connection throughout a considerable amount of valve movement. is j By turning the valve plug 60 so as to bring the port68 into communication with the pipe 67 the passage 61 will communicate with the pipe 66. Thereupon the ioperationsv of the pump plunger of the pump 62 will cause said pump to operate as a suction pump so that the jacket liquid can be transferred to the chamber 18.- By turning the plug 60 through a further angular movement the passage 6l;w ill communicate withthe pipe 67 and the port 69 will conununicate with the'pipe 66 so that thepump .will operate asa pressure pump serving to deliver air under pressure to the chamber 18. j V By the abovemeans it is possible tov operate this system by hand both for the suction and pressure operations. 7 Preferably the pump 54 is interconnected withthe-valve 60 as shown'in Figure-10 by means of a rod 71., This rod carries thefin ger piece 72 at one end, the plug 60 in its mid dle portion anda crank 7 3 at its other end, said crank 73 connecting by a link 7 4 with the arm 7 5 which carries the pump which arm 7 5 is pivoted at the point 76.. With this ar rangement the position otthe pump issyn chroniz'ed with the other parts.

' I wish to call attention to the fact that if desired the electrical system may be properly conneoted up with the valves and other parts so that for example the engine can not be inadvertently operated during times when the jacket liquid isnot present in the jacket ditional heat for the jacketing liquid so as to maintain its temperature, at an elevated degree while in storage over Very long intervals. In such cases a small heater 77 may be placed in the chamber 18, such heater be ing for example a small electric unit supplied with currentfrom any suitable source.

lVhile'I have herein shown and described only certain embodiments of my present invention, still I do not intend to limit'myself thereto except as I I claim:

1. The combination with the jacket system for jacket cooling liquid of an internal combustion engine, including the engine jacket, radiator, and circulating connections, of a chamber for liquid'having a capacity at least as great as the liquidcapacity of the jacket system aforesaid, a coating of heat insulatmay do so in the claims.

ing material on said chamber, a j acketliquid delivery connection between the lower portion of said chamber and the lower portion of the jacket liquid system, for delivery of jacket liquid to the system, a jacket liquid re- :moval connection from the lowest point of the jacket liquid system to the upper portion of the chamber for transfer of liquid from the jacket system to the chamber and a connec tion between the upper portion of said chamber and the suction connection of theengine,

' valves in both of said connections, and indejacket system.

pendent manual means for creating a suction in the, suction connection independently, of the engine operation. v

2. The combination with the jacket liquid system for the cooling liquid of an internal combustion engine, including the liquid j ack-1 et, the radiator, and circulating connections, of a heat insulating storage chamber for j acket liquid, a liquid delivery connection between the lower portion of said chamber and the lower portion of the jacket liquid circulating system for delivery of jacket liquid to the system, a' jacket liquid removal connection from the lowest'point of the jacket liquid system to the upper portion of the chamber for transfer of liquid from the jacket'system to the chamber, and means for causing reduction of the pressure in said chamber for the purpose'of causing transfer of liquid to said chamber from the liquid 3. The combination with a jacket system for'jacket cooling liquid of an'i-nternal co1nbustion engine, including the engine jacket,

a radiator, and'circulating connections, of a heat insulating chamber for liquid having a V capacity at leastas great as the liquid capacity of the jacketsystem aforesaid, a sump 10 cation ata lower elevation thanthe .j acket system, and three connections from said chamber, one of said connections extending from the lower portion of the chamber to the lower portion of the circulating system, and another of said connections extending from the upper portion of said chamber to'the lowest portion of the sump, and anotherconnection' leading from the upper portion of said chamber for causing change of pressure withln said chamber, together with valves in the first and third mentioned. connections operative effectively to permit drainage of liquid from the chamberjinto the circulating system or ity of the jacket system aforesaid, a sump lo- 7 I cated below theradiator level, connections fromthe lower portion of said chamber to 1' the lower portion of the jackets stem for transfer of liquid from thecham er to the system, and from the lowest portion of the sump to the upper portion ofthe chamber for the transfer of liquid from the sump to the chamber, a valve inthe first mentioned connection, and manual means for creating pressure diiferentia l in the upper portion of the chamber when the valve aforesaid is closed.

jacket system for jacket cooling liquid of an internal combustion engine including the nections, of aheat insulating chamberfor liquid having a capacity at least as great as 5. The combination with the devices of a' engine jacket, radiator, and circulating conthe liquid capacity of the jacket system afore- 7 said, a sump located at a lower level than any of said devices,'connections from the lower portion of said chamber to thelower portion of the jacket system fortransfer of liquid from the chamber. to the system, andifrom the lowest portion of the sump tothe upper portion of the chamber for the transfer of liquid from the sump to the chamber,a valve means for creating-pressure differential i the upper portion of the chamber.-.

6. The combination withflthe devices of a jacket :system for jacket cooling liquid of an internal combustion engine, including the J engine jacket, radiator, and circulating con;

nections, of a heat insulating chamber for liq uid having a capacity at'least as great as the liquid capacity of the jacket system aforesaid, a sump located at a lower level than anychamber, one of said connections leading. from the lowerportion ofthe chamber to the lower portion of. the circulating system,

another ofsaid connections leading from the 'of said devices, three connections from said lowest portion of thesump to the upper por-f tion of saidchamber, and another connection 7 leading from the upper portion of said Cl1L1fl1- her to a point of pressure differential such as a manifold'of the engine,-a valve in the first mentioned "connection, supplemental manual means for creatingpressuredifferemtlal 1n the third connection, and "a valve for" connecting the third connectioneithe'r to the point of pressure differential of the engine or to the supplemental fluencing means, selectively.

oHARLEsr. USBORNE,JR.

pressure differential ini 90 in the first mentioned connect1on,an d manual a

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