US1771885A - Bake oven - Google Patents

Description

.my 29, 1930. J. FAULDS l 1,771,885

.ETS

A l BAKE ovEN Filed Aug. 15, 192e 4 sheets-sheet 1 J.' FAULDS July 29, 1930.

BAKE OVEN Filed Aug. 15 1928 4 Sheets-'Sheet 2 J. FAUl-DS July 29, 1930.

BAKE OVEN Filed Aug. 15, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 lli/lg,

ma mw Jgly 29, 1930. J. FAuLDs 1,771,885

BAKE OVEN Filed Aug. 15, 1928 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 @m65 *Q Nv Ral@ 89% qpw N Il vvoo i?. @o

Patentedduly 29, 1930 were. STATES f corin- FAULns, or` yOAK man, ILLINOISl` "l nana ovnN` Y' Application led August 15, 1928.l n Serialr l\1'1.i.\7299,750.`

r)The invention relates to. balie ovens of the through which. hot: air'may-ri'se for equalizing I I rotary shelf type. Its objects are to increase the capacity and efficiency of such ovens, to provide means for raising and lowering Shelves and for regulating'and'controlling the operation. A preferred embodimentof the invention is hereinafter described and is illustrated in the accompanying drawings in lwhich Y Fig. 1 is a front elevation of the oven; Fig. 2 is a plane sectionv on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1, some parts being broken away;

Fig. 8 is a vertical section'on the line-.3 3 ofFigl; m vi Figs. 4 and 5 are details of the oven door; Fig. 6 is a detail in section of the operating mechanism on a plane normal tothe planel of Fig. 3; and

Fig. 7 is a detail section on the line 7-`-7`of Figli.

rl"he improved oven is especially intended for use lin ,quantity production of foods, such as bread, cake, pies, etc. It comprises a casing 10, which may be square, as shown, or of any other preferred form, and which is shown formed of sheet metal with a suitable framingrof angle or other barsand is provided4 with a bottom Vplate 11 anda roof lplate 12.

4The walls of the casingmay be heat insulated there is a pipe 16 leading horizontally from each furnace to the remoter side ofthe casing and discharging into a vertical flue 17 in the corner of the casing, this flue being vformed of portions of two of the side walls and a sheet metal partition 18 joining these walls and being transversely concave to provide clearance for the baking shelves. The two vertical flues may discharge into a commonhorizontal Hue 19 from which Vleads a chimney ue 20. v The corners ofthe casing, in which .the furnaces 13,14are located, aresimilarly walled lOE by curved plates as 2l forming flues.

central chamber ofthe casing.

Suitable flues for carrying off the .prod- 'ucts of combustion are provided. As shown,

the distribution 4of heat throughout thecham-` ber.; Suitable discharge openings, not shown.,-

permitthisheated air to escape at the top into A plurality of circularrbaling shown as twolin number, and designatedre` spectively 22, 23,'are located within the baking chamber and are fixed upon a central, ver-V tical, longitudinally movable shaft 24. The oven is provided `with a charging opening 25 through which isv vpassedthe materialY for loadingy and unloading the shelves. The shelves are loaded and unloaded, at substantially the same position relative to the openfing and for convenience this positionwvillbe designated or referred toas the charging station. The opening is ,controlled by afclo'- surey 26 which is preferably, though not necessarily, so mounted as to swinginwardly and upwardly. v v l,

The mechanism for raising and lowering the shelves'is conveniently locatedv on top of the casing and carried by a frame 27` supported on beams as 28. This mechanism comprises a nonrotatable'screw29 loosely sleeved upon the shaft 24, vanda nutfSO engaging the screw and rotatable in an element of the frame 27. Collars 81, 32 keyedupontl1e shaft 24 prevent' relative longitudinal vmovement of i.

the shaft'fandscrew.` y f.

A suitable driving element such as an electric motor indicated conventionally at v88 is provided 'for turning the nut v80 and is connected therewith by means of-suitable gearing. As shown, this connection comprises a belt 34 turning'over a pulley on` thearmaa verticall counter, shaft 41 which carries upon f its upper'end a'bevel, gear '42.' The bushing 82 isnorn'iallylocked to"tlie-sliaft;88 rley-'a clutch element 88 sleeved upon the shaft,

urged against the end of the bushingby a n' respectively above and belowthe screwf29 .30.

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spring 84, the teeth engaging the clutch element With the bushing being of ratchet type.

The nut 30 carries a bevel gear 43 driven by a similar gear 44 on a horizontal shaft 45 upon which are loosely mounted a pair of bevel gears 46, 47, Which are at all times in engagement with the gear 42. Aclutch ele ment 48 splined upon the shaft 45 cooperates with suitable clutch teeth on the gears 46, 47. A shipper element 49 cooperates With the clutch 48 and is fixed upon a` slide rod 50 attached at 5l to av crank arm 52 carried by a vertical rock shaft 53 suitably journaled to the frame 27 and the casing of the oven and. having at its lower end a hand crank 54. By turning the shaft 53the desired'direction, the rotation of the nutBO is 'secured by engaging the clutch element with either of the gears V46, 47;Y tion, the screw 29 and shaft 24 and With them the shelves'22, 23 are raised, andby turning` it in the opposite direction, they are lowered. The clutch element L7-is automatically shifted to central position When Vthe'shelves have reached the intended limit ofmovement either up or down lbymeans of a lug attached'to the lower end of the screvr 29 and engageable Withtappets 56, 57 carried by a suitably journaled, vertical, slide' shaft 58 which is. connected'at its upper end with a bell crank lever 59 attached by means'of a link GO' to the crank arm 52 intermediate of itsends as shown Yat 6l, the tappets 5G, 57 being located respectively for engagement by the lug when the desired limit of the dov-7ny Ward and upward movements of thefshaft is reached.

The shaft 24 turns freel 1 in the screiv 29 and the latterV is held awa-inst rotation b f the lug '55 Which is provided vwith an yethrough which the shaft 58 passes. For the purpose of turning the shaft 24 and Wi th it the sheli 22, 23, there is splined upon the shaft a WheelA 62 which meshes with a pinion @Il loose upon the shaft 4l and eng geable with a clutch element G4 keyed to tl is shaft. A shipper lever 65 cooperates 4With the pix. 63 to control'its engagement with the clutch element G4. A bell crank hand lever 66 mounted u'pon'the front of the casing of the oven is-oonnected with the shipper lever 65 by means ofa link 57.

The desirable'sloiv raising and lowering and turning of the shelves is secured by `suitable` gearratio of the connecting elements and also by use `of the Worm gear nansin'sfsi'en. AThe turning movement is desirably slovver than therai'sing and lower-ing move- Vvment-s, andthis action vis secured properly proportioning the gear Wheel 62 and'pnnon In' charging and 'discharging'thezovem the ' shelves 22, 23 are'brought Asuccessivi-ily to the charging Stat-iOm'Which, as shown', is at the level of the lower margin of the Vdoor open- As the nut 30 is turned in one direc# lineas imT and there heldbydisengagingthe clutch element 49 from both of the pinions with which it cooperates, and provision is made for preventing the accidental or inadvertent re-engagement of the clutch element While the door 26 is open.v To thisend, the door controlling handle 68 shown as attached to the door pintle is so disposed that it is in horizontal position When the door is closed `and is providedurwith a pair of lugs 59, 70 which engage between them the cranl' Varm 54 of the ,shaft 58 when the door is open, as shown in Fig. 4, but which ride above it when the door is closed, as shown in Fig. 8.

During charging and discharging operations, the shelves may be turned either continuouslyor intermittently by the manipuj lation of the bell crank hand lever 66. The faces of the Vshelves may be of mineral material such assoap stone and made up of a number of sector shaped plates which are carried by asuitable framing. Asshown, the upper shelfispro 7ided with a pair of hubs 7l, 72 spaced apart and fixe-d to the shaft 24. Froml theV lower hub 72 radiate upwardly inclined angle bars 73, each being provided at its outer end With a seat 74 upon which rests Van inverted'T-bar 75, the inner end of Which is supported by a chair 7 G'carried by the upper hub 7l. The soap stone plates are carried by adjacent T-bars and are held against outward movement by the upturned ends of the seats 74. Y

`The .lower shelf 23 is preferably centrally Vapertured to provide for the circulation of air between the two shelves. rllhe lower shelf is support-edin part from the hub 72 and in part by af'hub 77 fixed upon the shaft 24 and so located thereon that the shelves reach their lowest'position, it may come into Contact With a bearing box 78 carried by the floor of the oven casing and in whiehthe shaft turns. Upwardly inclined angle bars 79 radiate from the hub'77, their outer ends formingsupports for the framing or". the face of the shelf. A set of angle bars 8O rise from the inner end portions of the bars 79, and

are attached to the hub 72, each carrying a chair 81. for .the Vinnery end of Aone of the T-bars of the framing of theface ofthe shelf. Y

lnl'order to promote the circulation of air Within Vthe casing, one or more return fines, as 89, may -be provided. They may be desirably located externally of the casing and y may. be formed of sheet metal, and are open to the interior of the casing both at thelt'op .and bottom. l v Y In charging the oven, the shelves are brought to the solidflines position of Fig. 3,

thev raising gearing being Vthere-by automatically disengaged and locked against rre-,en

gagement as the Ydoor 26 is opened for charging. Theturningfmovement `ofthe shelves Vmay be stopped until the accessible portion lll) of the shelf 22 is loaded, `and then turned by the manipulation of the bell crank 66 to' bring another portionthereof before the door opening. This shelf having been fully .loaded, the raising gearing is manually re-engagedV elevating the shelf 22 to the dotted lines position of Fig. 3 and bringing the lower shelf 23 to the level of the door opening, the gearing being thereby automatically disengaged. The lowershelf now receives its load whereupon the clutch 49 is suitably shifted to cause the descent of the shelves, and shelf 22 is thereby returned to the level of the door opening and may vbe discharged of its load and re-loaded. The shelves being again raised, the lower one may be discharged of its load and re-loaded. Should'ftlie baking operation not beV fully completed during" this cycle, the re-charging may be delayed, the rotation of the shelves being either continued or interrupted as may be preferred.

In order to provide for quick access lto the baking shelves in case of emergency, the turn`l ing and elevating mechanism maylbe operated by means of a hand crank 85 carriedby a shaft suitably journaled inthe front wall of the oven casing andprovided with a'gear wheel 86 connected by means of a sprocket chain 87. with agear wheel 88 mounted on the end of thev shaft 88. The gear ratio of the wheels 8G, 88 may be such as to provide for a rapid drive. 1When the shaft 38 is thus turned by hand, the ratchet element 83 clicks over the teeth on the end of the bushing 82.

The handcrank 85 cannot be turned in the wrong Adirection becausein that event the ratchet teeth would be positively engaged and the shaft would be locked against rotation by the worm gear.

Obviously this manual drive may be so associated with the power `means that it will not be actuated by the latter, but will automatically engage it when relied on for use.

llhile the mechanism for controllably moving the shelves, as disclosed, is of high eflicienoy for the' performance of the various intended functions, other mechanism for accomplishing the results may be substituted therefor, within the scope of theinvention, or changes in detail may be made in the mechanism as disclosed. y r

Iclaiin as my invention: y c

l. A bake oven comprising a casing having a charging opening, a baking shelf vertically movable within Jthe casing, power means for impartingvertical movement to the shelf within the oven, a clutch for connecting the power means with the shelf moving means, and automatic means for disengaging the clutch when the shelf is at the level of the charging opening.

2. A bake oven comprising a casing having a charging opening, a vertically movable baking shelf, power means for imparting i vertical movement to the shelf, a clutch for connecting the `power means `with the 'shelf moving means, automaticmeans'for ydisengaging the clutch when the shelf 'isatthe level ofthe charging opening, a door for the opening, and means associated with thedoorl for locking the clutchin disengaged position when the'door is open.

3. 'A bake oven comprising a casing having va charging opening, a verticallymmovable baking shelf, power means for impartingY vertical movement tothe shelf, aclutch for connectingthe :powerimeans with the shelf moving means, automatic means for disen.-

gaging the clutch" when the `shelf is at `the level ofthe charging opening,1a door for the opening, and means associatedfwith the door yfor engaging the clutch controlfmeans for locking the door in closed ingthe shaft, means for longitudinally moving the shaft, a countershaft, independent means for connect-ing the countershaft to the two named shaft moving means, and power means for driving the countershaft. v

5. A vbake oven having a vertically mov;- able baking shelf, powerfmeans for 'raising and lowering the shelf within the oven, means vfor connecting the power means, comprising a pair of oppositely driven gears on a transmittingv shaft, a clutch cooperating with the gears to lock them to the shaft alternatively, manual means for shifting the clutch to engage either-of the gears and vto a neutral position, .andi` automatic means for actuating the named'ymeans for releasing the clutch. 6. 1n a bake oven, in combination, a' suitable casing, a movable baking shelf within the casing, a verticalshaft carrying the shelf,

a sorewrotatably sleeved on the shaft and longitudinally movable therewith, a 'nut fixed against vertical movement Iand cooperating with thescrew, a gear wheel spline'd upon the shaft, power meansk for driving the nut and gear Vwheel and comprisingfa countershaft and independent means lfor releasably connecting the countershaft with the nutand lwith the gear.

7. In a bake oven, a suitable casing having a charging opening, a. vertically vmovable shelf within the casing, power means for moving the shelf, a clutch in the power connection, a rock shaft for controllingv the vclutch and having a'hand crank located adjacent the charging'v opening, an inwardly kswinging door for the opening, randa-'pair of lugs carried 'by theV door and arranged to inclose between them the hand crank when the latter is in clutch releasing positionand the door is open, and to be disengaged from the crank when the door is closed. Y

8.'In a bake oven, in combination, a suitable casing enclosing a baking chamber having a charging opening, a pair of relatively iiXed shelves, means for rotating the shelves, means for vertically moving `the shelves to bring them alternately to the level of the opening, and means for automatically disengaging the vertically moving means as either shelfreaches such level.

9. In a bake oven, in combination, a suitable casing enclosing a baking chamber having a charging opening, a pair of relatively fixed shelves, means for rotating the shelves, means for Vvertically moving the shelves to bring them alternately to the level of the opening, means for automatically disengaging the vertically moving means as either shelf reaches such level, and manual means for controlling the rotating means.

10. In a bake oven, in combination, a suitable casing enclosing a baking chamber having a charging opening, a pair of relatively fixed shelves, means for rotating the shelves, means for vertically moving the shelves to bring them alternately to the level of the open-ing, means for automatically disengaging the vertically moving means as either shelf reaches such level, a door for the opening, and means associated With the door for locking the disengaging means when the door is opened.

11. In a bake oven, in combination, a suitable casing having a charging opening, a longitudinally movable vertical shaft in the casing, a pair of shelves carried by the shaft with one of the shelves normally at the charging opening, and means to limit the range of movement of the shaft to the distance between the shelves to bring the other shelf at the charging opening.

12. In a bake'oven, in combination, a suitable casing having a charging opening, a longitudinally reciprocable verticalshaft in the casing, a pair of shelves carried by the shaft, the range of movement of the shaft being equal to the distance between the shelves, means for moving the shaft and means for automatically arresting the movement of the shaft at the limit of its travel in either direction.

y 13. In a bake oven having a casing provided vvith a charging opening, and a rotatable vertically reciprocable shelf, one end of thepath of its vertical movement being at the charging position andmeans for simultaneously rotating the 'shelf and Causing its verti- 'cal movement.

' 14. In a bake oven, in combination, a casing having a chargingopening, a plurality of vertically reeiprocable shelves within the casing, the path of such movement of each shelf being to and from the charging position, means for causing the reciproeatory movement of the shelves, and means for rotating the shelves independently of the lirstnamed means.

15. In a bake oven, a baking chamberhaving a charging station, Vapair of vertically Vto bring them successively to the charging station.

1'?. In a bake oven, a baking chamber, a pair of f-.f'ertically spaced and relatively fixed shelves within the chamber, the chamber having a charging opening common tothe shelves, means forl effecting a predetermined limited vertical reciprocation of the shelves as a unit to successively bring the shelves into and out of cooperative relation With the common charging opening, and means for rotating the shelves horizontally to bring differeinl portions thereof into cooperative relation With the charging opening.

18. In a bake oven, an oven chamber, heating means Within the oven chamber, a pair of vertically spaced and relatively fixed shelves normally stationary and in cooperative baking relation with the heating means, the oven chamber having a charging station, and means for imparting vertical reciprocation to the shelves from and to the charging station limited to the distance betvveen the shelves.

19. In a bake oven, an oven chamber, heating means Within the oven chamber, a pair of vertically spaced and relatively iixed shelves normally stationary and in cooperative baking relation with the heating means, the oven chamber having a charging station,

Vmeans for imparting vertical reciprocation to the shelves from and to the station, limited to the dist-ance between the shelves, and means for rotating the shelveson a vertical axis to bring different portions thereof into cooperative relation with the charging opening.

y In testimony whereof I aiiir: my signature.

JOHN FAULDS.

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