US1766751A - Rotary pump - Google Patents

Description

June 24, 1930. 1. c" JENNINGS ,766751 ROTARY PUMP Original Filed Sept. 4, 1924 I 3 Sheets-Sheet l June 24, 1930, l, c. JENNINGS ROTARY PUMP Original Filed Sept. 4, 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 l. c. JENNINGS 1,766,751

ROTARY PUMP original Filed sept. 4, 1924 3 sheets-sheet 3 DSN.

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`June 24, 1930.

Patented .lune 24,1930

UNITED STATES IRVING C. JENNINGS, F SOUTH NORWALK, CONNECTICUT ROTARY PUMP 'Application led September 4, 1924, Serial No. 735,936. Renewed January 24, 1928.

The object of this invention is to improve t-hat class of rotary pumps in which a liquid revolving in a casing is employed as the motivating agent. The invention will be bestunderstood in connection with the accompanying three sheets of drawings forming part of this apy plication for patent, and in which Fig. l is a cross-sectional elevation of a 1o pump constructed to contain my improvements, the section being taken on the line 1-1 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a cross-section taken on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; l5 Fig. 3 is an end elevation partly in section of the rotor; i

Fig. 4 is a plan of the rotor; Fig. 5 is al cross-sectional View of the rotor on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3; Fig. 6`is a diagram or a development of the lobes; y s

Fig. 7 is a sectional view illustrating the commercial form of aimed to improve;

Fig. 8 is a diagrammatic sectional view taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 1, showing the action of the rotor; and

Fig. 9 is a similar view taken on the line 9 9 of Fig. 1.

The particular purpose of my invention is to improve the rotary pump shown, described and claimed in U. S. Letters Patent granted to Lewis H. Nash, No.l 953,222, dated March 29, 1910 and No. 1,091,529, dated March 31,1914.

The pump shown in these patents briefly consists of an'eccentric casing, that is, a casing the inside of which is eccentrically arranged relatively to the axis of the rotor, a rotor revolving in said casing having buckets or peripheral displacement chambers, and suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers. The pump casing is partly filled 45 with liquid, and when the rotor is revolved, it will whirl this liquid around 'inside of the pump casing so that the centrifugal force.

and inertia of the liquid will cause it to follow the contour `of the casing, whereby the liquid will enter and recede from each dispump which I have placement chamber and act in eflect as a liquid piston therein. In said patents, that part of the eccentric casin which recedes from the 'rotor is called a lo e and as shown' in said Patent N o. 1,091,529, the casing may be shaped to have one or a plurality of lobes. The Nash pump as covered by said patents and as developed in practice has usually consisted of an elliptical shaped casing having two lobes so that the liquid will enter oo and recede from each displacement chamber twice for each complete revolution of the rotor. The blades or partitions which form the displacement chambers are shown in said patent as radial or strai ht, but in ac- 65 tual practice the outer ends t ereof usually have been set ata forward angle so as to hook the liquid into the chambers and to assist in its entrance thereto. This'commercial form of the Nash pump is shown in diagram in Fig. 7, wherein in the sectors A and B, the liquid is shown as leaving the displacement chambers and the fluid to be pumped as being drawn into the same; and whereas iny sectors C and D the liquid is` shown as being forced into the displacement chambers and the fluid to be pumped as being forced out of the same. It will lbe noticed, that the outer ends of the blades are forwardly inclined so as to hook in the liquid into the` displacement chambers in sectors C and D. This is advantageous in that it helps the flow of the liquid into the chambers and lessens hydraulic shock. This .construction is disadvantageous, however,

when the blades work in the sectors A and B, as then the liquid has to be thrownoutl of the displacement chambers and the shape of the blades is such as to retard this action.

If the blades could be backwardly inclined,

when they act in the sectors A and D, the powerful throwing out action obtained in an ordinary centrifugal liquid pump could To this end, my invention consists in formin such a rotor or rotors with the blades 1n part at a forward angle and in part at a back angle, and in arranging the lobe or lobes properly to co-act therewith so that the desirable hooking in action will be obtained when the liquid is to enter the displacement chambers and the desirable centrifugal action will be obtained when the liquid is to leave the displacement chambers.

The details of the invention will be best understood by a detailed description of the drawings. Referring to the drawings and in detail, 10 designates an inlet shell or casing to which the inlet pipe 11 for the fiuid to be pumped is attached, and 12 designates an outlet shell or casing to which the outlet pipe 13 for the fiuid to be pumped is attached. The casings 10 and 12 are sub stantially similar except thatthey are rights and lefts. 14 designates a central ring or casing, which contains the eccentric lobe or lobes. The structure may be secured together by bolting the flanges on the casings 10 and 12 to the ring 14 and these parts may have suitable supporting feet. The central parts of the casings l0 and 12 are shaped to orm bearings 15-15 to which 'oil passages 16-16 may run. Spiders or flanges 17-17 aresecured to the outer sides of the casings 10 and 12 and these spiders carry bearings 18-18 for the rotor shaft 19, which is journalled inthe same and in the bearings15 15 previously referred to. The bearings 18--18 may be ball or any other suitable form of bearing. Stuffing boxes 20-20 are preferably arranged at the outer ends of the bearin s -15-15, so as to revent any liquid leaking out of the sides of) the casings 10 and 12.

R designates the rotor, which is keyed or secured on the central part of the shaft 19, and which rotor ts tightly in the annular space between the two casings 10 and 12 and the ring 14.

The rotor has a central flange 21 and two side flanges 22 and 23. Blades or partitions 24 are arranged between the central partition 21 and the side partition 22 and these blades are formed or set at a forward angle so that they will hook into the liquid and obtain the hooking action previously described. Blades 25 are arranged between the central partition or flange 21 and the .side partition 23. These blades 25 are Vset at a back angle so as to obtain the desirable centrifugal action or throw out of the liquid previously. described. Holes 26 are formed in the central partition 21 whereby each displacement chamber will be formed by the space included between the two side flanges 22 and 23 and twoadjacent forwardly -extending blades 24 and the two adjacent backwardly extending blades 25. Thus, there are two sets of bldaes around the perlphery of the wheel, 'one set 24 having its blades forwardly inclined and the other set 25 having its blades backwardly inclined. In other words, each displacement chamber has a set of blades forwardly inclined and a set of blades backwardly inclined. The lobes L in the ring 14 aremade substantially half widthof the rotor or of a width equal to one set' of blades and are staggered or offset axially, so that the forwardly inclined blades 24 only will co-operate with a lobe, when liquid is to be hooked into the displacement chambers, and so that the rearwardly inclined blades 25 only will co-operate with a lobe when liquid is to be thrown out from the displacement chambers. The distance which each lobe is staggered is such as to bring the lobes into proper position to obtain this effect. A development or unrolling of the lobes is shown in Fig. 6.

If desired, thin plates V may be placed over the laterally` extending part of the lobes to prevent the blades 24 and 25 both acting at the same time, if it is desired to Vprevent any eddies or unnecessary hydraulic friction in the displacement chambers.

Suitable inlet and outlet ports P-P and P -P for the entrance and exit of the fluid to be pumped into and from the displacement chambers are formed in the shells 10 and 12. i

The action of the pump can be understood by referring to Figs. v8 and 9. -It is to be noticed in the first place that the rotor will throw the liquid in the ring 14 around with the same so that it will follow the path of the lobes. Fig. 8 is a sectional View which shows the action of the backwardly inclined blades 25. It will be seen that in the sectors A and B, the liquid will be thrown out of the displacement chambers by centrifugal action, thus creating a powerful suction in the displacement chambers which will draw the fluid to be pumped into the displacement chambers through the -ports P. lIt will be seen that when the blades 25 turn in the sectors C and `D, no action either of entrance or exit from the chambers can take place through these blades as the ends of the same then will fit closely to the inside of the ring. Fig. 9 designates a section through the forwardly extending or hook in blades 24. It will be seen that these blades, when the am in .the sectors C and D, will take or ool the liquid into the displacement chambers and thus will force the fiuid to be pumped out through the outlet ports P. It will be seen that when the blades 24 are in the sec.-

tors A and B they willdo no work as the liquid cannot enter or leave the same as the blades then will fit close tothe inside of the ring 14.

Thusit will be seen that the entrance of the liquid into the displacement chambers is obtained with 'a hooking action, that the liquid will flow laterally in the displacement chambers and that the liquid will be forced I out from the chambers with a centrifugal throw out action. v

It will be seen that the fluid to be pumped also is hooked into the displacement chambers without shock, due tothe fact that the parts of the blades, viz. the internal ends thereof, which co-operate with the entrance port or orts P-P are set at a forward angle relative y to said entrance port or ports, as

shown in sectors A and B of Fig. 8; andV that the fluid to be pum ed leaves the disxzlacement chambers wit a` low velocity relatively -to the exit port or ports and with a minimum of shock due" tothe fact that the parts of the blades which cooperate withl t e said exit port or ports P- P, viz. the internal ends thereof, are set at I a backward angle relatively to said exit port or ports PP as shown in sectors C and D of Fig. 9.

These points are of particular advantage.:

when the fluid to be pumped consists .in whole or in part of a liquid;

When the pump is to be used as a gas pump, the sup ly of displacement liquidcan be maintainedby the small pipe 30 connected to the inlet pipe 11 as shown in Fig. 1.

I haveshown the ports asconnecting to the bottom of the displacement chambers as this arran ement seems mo'st advantageous in connectlon with my improvement.- The ports, however, could be sldewise arranged as in the Nash pump previously referred to, if desired.

By using a plurality of staggered lobes arranged as shown in Fig. 6 an advantageous balancing effect is obtained. That is to say, the pressures and strains on the rotor in segments AA and Bv will balance each other and particularly the pressure and strains on the `rotor'in segments C and D where the liquid is forced into the displacement chambers will balance each other and hence a very smooth action is obtained.

By these arrangements the efficiency of the punrpocan be greatly increased. While water is^ ordinarily .used -as the displacing liquid because of the fact that it is usually available and because of the higher eiliciency due to its, viscosity vand. relatively reat weight, any other. liquid may be emp oyed provided it does not form scale or attack the interior of the pump and provided it is not too viscous to operate.

The fluid to be pumped may be air or any other gas or any liquid Vor any compound gas and liquid. The pump may be-used as a suction pump,as a pressure pum or, asa pump utilizing both its suction an pressure effects. .a in e As practically all hydraulic shock is eliminated the pump can be runat high speed.

and great eiliciencies and higher pressures and vacuums can be obtained.

The details and arrangements herein shown and described may be greatly varied by a skilled mechanic without departing from the scope of the invention as expressed in the claims.

Having thus fully described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is l 1. In a rotary pump employinga liquid as the motivating agent, the combmation of an eccentric casing, a rotor therein havi blades or partitions forming periphera buckets or displacement chambers, certain ofthe blades bein set at a backward angle to obtain a' centri ugal effect and certain of the blades being set so as not to obtain a centrifugal effect and suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and f leave said displacement chambers.

2. In a rotary pump employmg a .liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of ,a rotor or rotors having displacement chambers formed by blades set at a 4forward an` gle and by blades set at a back angle, and suitable ports for the entrance and exit of the iuid' to be pumped.

3. In a rotary pump vemploying a liquid f as the motivatlng agent, thecombination of a casing havlng a lobe, a rotor thereinhaving blades or'partitions formingeperipheral buckets or displacement cham rs, certain of the blades being lformed at a forward angle and certain at a back angle, and suitable ports for allowing the iluid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers.

4;. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of c an eccentric. casing, a rotor having two sets of blades or partitions forming peripheral buckets or displacement chambers, one set of blades being forwardly inclined and the other set of blades being backwardly inclined, and suitable ports `for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers.

5. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the comblnation of an eccentric casing, a rotor havin twb sets of blades or partitions. arrange side by side and forming peripheral buckets or dislacementchambers, one set of blades being l orwardly inclined and the other set of blades being backwardly inclined, and suitable ports for allowing the fluid `to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers..v

6. Inl a rotary., pump employing a liquid as the `motivating agent, the combination of an eccentric casing, a rotor therein having displacement chambers formed'by blades or partitions, and suitable ports for the entranceand exit of the fluid to be pumped,

the parts of the blades which -co-operate with the entrance port or ports being set at at a forward angle relatively to said' exit port or ports only.

8. In a rotary pump employing' a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of an eccentric casing, a rotor therein having displacement chambers formed by blades or partitions, and suitable ports' lfor the entrance and exit of the fluid to be pumped, the blades which co-operate with the entrance port or ports beingset at a backward angle relativel to said entrance port or ports and the b ades which'co-operate with the exit port or ports being set at a forward angle relatively to said exit port or ports.

9. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of a casing, a rotor havi'ng two sets of blades or partitions forming peripheral buckets or displacement chambers, one set of blades being forwardly inclined and the other set backwardly inclined, suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers, and a staggered lobe in the casing with which the blades cooperate.

10. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of a casing, a rotor having -two sets of blades or partitions forming peripheral buckets or displacement chambers, one set of blades be? ing forwardly inclined and the other set backwardly inclined, suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers, and a plurahty of staggered lobes in the casing with which the blades cooperate.

11. In a rotary pump employing a liquidv as the motivating agent, the combination of a casing, a rotor having two sets of blades arranged sideV by side formin peripheral buckets or displacement cham rs, one s et of blades being forwardly inclined and the othelr` set of blades being backwardly inclined, suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leave said dis-1 placement chambers, and a staggered lobe in the casing of a width substantially equal to that of one set of blades with which the blades cooperate.

12. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of a casing, a rotor having two sets of blades arranged side by side formi peripheral buckets or displacement cham rs, one set of blades being forwardly inclined and the other set of blades being backwardly inclined, suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leavel said displacement chambers, and a plurality of staggered lobes in the casing, each of a width substantially equal to that of one set of blades with which the blades cooperate.

13. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of an eccentric casing, a rotor therein having side and middle partitions, forwardl inclined blades between the middle an one side partition and backwardly inclined blades between the middle and the other side partition, and holes through the central partition, whereby displacement chambers will be formed on said rotor havin forwardly inclined blades and backwar l inclined blades, and suitable ports for al owing the uid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers.

14. In arotary pump employi a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of aneccentric casing, a rotor therein having side and middle partitions, forwardl inclined blades between the middle an one side partition and backwardly inclined blades between the middle and the other side partition, and holes through the central partition, whereby displacement chambers will be formed on said rotor having forwardly inclined blades and backwardly inclined' blades, the bottom of said chambers being open, and suitable inlet ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers at the bottom thereof.

15. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of an inlet shell, an outlet shell, arin between the shells, an eccentric staggere lobe or lobes in said ring, a rotor fitted in the annular space between said shells and said `iio rin having blades or partitions forming peripheral buckets o r displacement chambers, certain of the blades being formed at a forward angle and certain at a back angle, and suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter the rotor from the inletshell and to leave the rotor and pass into the outlet shell.

16. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of an eccentric casing havin astagered lobe or lobes, a rotor therein aving ades or partitions forming peripheral buckets or displacement chambers, certain of the blades being formed at a forward angle and certain at a back angle, a plate or lates over the central part of the lobe or lo s to prevent eddy in the displacement chambers,

and suitable ports for allowing the fluid to 17. In a rotary pump employing a liquid as the motivating agent, the combination of an eccentric casing, a rotor therein having blades or partitions forming peripheral buckets or displacement chamoers, certain A of the blades bein set at a forward angle to obtain a' hook-1n effect, and certain of the bladesbeing set so as not to obtain a hook-in effect, and suitable ports for allowing the fluid to be pumped to enter and leave said displacement chambers.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

IRVING C. JENNINGS.

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