US1760050A - Gas burner - Google Patents

Description

May 27, 1930. R. EICKWOR'II'H GAS BURNER Filed g- 24-, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet May 27, 1930.

R. EICKWORTH 1,760,050

GAS BURNER Filed ug- 24, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 y 1930- R. EICKWORTH 1,760,050

GAS BURNER Fil z- 24. 1921 e Sheets-Sheet 3 W ng-Q May 27, 1930. R.- EICKWORTH GAS BURNER Filed Aug. 24, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet May 27, 1930. R. EICKWORTH GAS BURNER Fil d Aug. 24, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet E al.\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\n May 27, 1930. R. EICKWQRTH GAS BURNER Filed Aug. 24, 1921 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented May 27, 1930 UNITED STATES alumna mcxwon-rn, or am GAS BURNER Application fled August 2 4, 1881, Serial 110. 494,97, and in Germany November 11, 1919.

The following applications have been filed in Germany, November 11, 1919, now Patent I No. 327,094, Germany, January 16, 1920, now

Patent No. 336,631, Germany, August 13, 1920,

now Patent No. 422,242, Germany, September 27, 1920, now Patent No. 336,632, England,

two on Oct. 28, 1920, now Patents Nos. 157

880 and 153,897, France, November 9, 1920,

now Patent No. 527,07 3, Austria, November 2, 1920, Belgium, November 5, 1920, Luxemberg, November 3, 1920, Poland, March 29, 1921, Czecho-Slovakia, March 25, 1921.

My invention relates to gas burners for industrial furnaces. The burner is of the type 5 in which the gas and the air to be admixed with the gas are ejected from rotary impellers, and it is an object of my invention to improve a burner of this general type. To

this end, instead of the usual coaxial arrangement of the im llers in which the gas and the air are disc arged in coaxial layers, and

' deflection by the wall of the combustion chamber is relied upon for mixing and churning the two constituents, I provide an impeller having a single annular row of vanes to which air and gas are supplied through separate passages, and are mixed in the 1mpeller. It will be understood that a much more intimate mixture of the media is efiected in this manner, as the streams of air and gas are broken up and thoroughly churned by the vanes immediately after they have 1ssued from their respective passages. V

The relative arrangement of the gas and air passages on the one hand, the impeller vanes on the other, may be modified in various ways. For'instance, the gas and air passages may be so arranged that the streams of air and gas issue from such passages in axial relation to the impeller. Th1s type may be modified by either arranging the passages in two coaxial rows, each row comprismg assages for one medium only, or by provi g a single row of passages, or the passages may be so arranged that the issuing streams are in radial relation to the impeller.

Preferably, oneof the media, for instance the air, is supplied under pressure so that 1t will impart rotation to the impeller, but if desired av separate supply of compressed air.

may be provided for imparting rotation to the impeller, and the bulk of the air is then drawn into the impeller by suction.

To prevent theformation of explosive mixtures in theimpeller it may be desirable to provide auxiliary air passages in addition to those normally provided, so that only a certain percentage of the air is mixed with the gas in the impeller, and-determined so as to prevent the formation of an explosive mixture, while the additional air for'complete combustion is introduced through the auxiliary air pasages. These passages may be arranged intermediate the rim and the boss of the impeller and, if desired, may be combined with the injecting vanes.

In the accompanying drawings, several burners'embodying my, invention are illustrated diagrammatically by way of example.

In the drawings Figs. 1-3 illustrate a burner having two coaxial rows of gas and air passages,

7 Figs. 4 to 7 illustrate a burner having a single row of alternating gas and air passa es Figs. 8 to 10 illustrate a burner having a separate supply of compressed air,

Figs. 11 and '12 illustrate a burner having separate air pasages in the impeller, and

Figs. 13 and 14 illustrate a burner in which a fuel su ply is combined with the separate supply 0 compressed air.

More particularly Fig. 1 is a vertical sec-' tion through the casing of a burner at right angles to the axis of its impeller,'in which the gas and air passages are arranged in two coaxial rows, and suchrows areso placed with respect to the impeller that the streams of gas and air issue in axial direction.

Fig. 2 is a section on the line IIII in Fig. 3 is a section corresponding to Fig. 2, but showing gas and-air passages from which the streams issue in radial direction with respect to the impeller.

Iiigai is a section corresponding to Fig. 1, an

Figs. 5 and 6 are sections on the lines VV and VI-VI in Fig. 4, respectively,

Fig. 7 is a development showing a portion 'ence to Figs. 1 and 2, .but instead of the impeller and the .gas and air passages alternating in pairs.

Fig. 8 is a section through the casing of a burner having a separate supply of compressed 'air, the section being taken on the axis of the impeller,

Fig. 9 shows a portion of the impeller vanes and the gas and air passages developed,

Fig. 10 is an end elevation of the burner, viewed from the left in Fig. 8,

Fig. 11 is a section corresponding to Fig. 1, Fig. 12 is a section on the line XII-XII in Fig. 11,

Fig. 13 is a. section corresponding to Fig. 8, and

Fig. 14 is a development corresponding to Referring now to the drawings, in all the figures 1 is the casing of the burner, 2 is the impeller, 3 is a bearing secured to the casing in the gas passages, b are the air passages, c is the rim of the impeller 2 on which its vanes are secured, f is an air conduit and e is a gas conduit, said conduits being connected respectively with the gas and air passages a and b.

Referring now to Figs. 1 and 2, the gas passages a and the air passages b are ar-' ranged in two coaxial rows in front of the impeller 2 and the streams of gas and air issue from such passages axially with respect to the impeller. At the ends of the passages the issuing streams areentrained by and thoroughly churned in,- the vanes of the impeller. The flame is projected into a combustion chamber 4 with a refractory lining 9. Referring now to Fig. 3, the arrangement is substantially the same as described with referof passages arranged in axial direction, this burner is equipped with radial passages a and b for gas and air, respectively, and the im-- peller 2 is designed with a flange extending beyond its rim 0', the vanes being supported by the flan e and the rim instead of extending freely rom the rim 0 as shown in Fig. 2. The embodiment illustrated in Figs. 4 to 7 is preferred. Here, as will be seen in Fig- 7 the gas and air passages a, b are arranged alternately in pairs in a single row. It will be understood that in this manner an even more thorough mixing and churning action will be effected as the streams of gas and air issuing from the passages a and, b are intercepted and entrained by the vanes of the impeller throughout their width whereas in the burner illustrated in Figs. 1, 2, and 3 the streams form separate layers adjacent the inner and the outer rims of the impeller.

Referring now to Figs. 8 and 9, the gas and air passages a and b are shown arranged alternately in pairs as shown in Fig. 7, gas

being supplied through a pipe 5 at the top air entering through the of the casing 1, and

\ ward ignition which which the impeller shaft is carried, a are the impeller open front end 6 of the casing. z is a pipe through which compressed air is supplied to two nozzles which are arranged intermediate the alternating gas and air passages (1,

Obviously, any number of'pipes i may be provided and I am not limited to the alternating arrangement shown. In Fig. 9 the distribution of the media in the vanes of the impeller c is indicated by sectioned rectangles, the horizontally sectioned rectangles indicating layers of gas,.and the cross-hatched sections indicating layers of air.

The velocity imparted to the entrained media by the impeller is such as to prevent backward ignition. In order, however, to absolutely eliminate any possibility of back might occur if the velocity decreases for some reason or other, the percentage of air which is supplied to the vanes 0 may be so determined as to prevent the formation of an explosive mixture. A burner in which this is effected is illustrated in F i 's. 11 and 12, where the impeller 2 is provided with auxiliary air passages 2" through which part of the air from the ,conduit f flows directly into the combustion chamber 4, while the balance issues from the passages b, as described.

The arrangement of the burner illustrated in Figs. 13 and 14; is generally similar to that illustrated in Figs. 8, 9 and 10, but in this instance the pipe 2' for the compressed air is combined with a pipe Ii) for injecting pulverulent fuel, powdered coal or the like, into with the compressed air.

' I wish it to be understood that I do not desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvious modifications will occur to a person skilled in the art.

I claim 1. A burner comprising a casing, a rotary impeller in said casing, a rim on said impeller, vanes on one side of said rim, and passages for gas and for air in said casing which i with respect to said vanes that each of said vanes intersects the lines of flow from the passages for gas and from the passages for air.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

REGNIER EICKWORTH.

Images