US1730145A - Refrigerating apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 1,' 1929 w, Q HlLDRETH 1,730,145

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed April 16. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet l @ct1,1929. \N.O.HMDRETH L J I REFRIGERATING APPARATUS E Filed April 16. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 I? w m 1 I! I5 25 1? "2 mama BY rm NEYS Oct. 1, 1929. w. o. HlLDRETH 1,730,145

REFRIGERATING APPARATUS Filed April 16. 1926 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 vr lllllllll llllllllll,

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Patented Oct; 1 1929 UNITED STATES PATET OFFICE WILLIAM o. HILJDRETH, or smcusn, mew YORK, assrenoa mo THE LmsoN cont- PANY, or smcusn, NEW xonx, A conrom'rron or massacnusn'r'rs BEFBIGEBATING APPTUQ Application filed April 16,

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in refrigerating Ina-- chines.

The main object of the invention is the production of a simple, compact annd eflicientrefrigerating machine that is particularly designed for household purposes, altho adapted for use in many and var1ous places.-

A further object resides in the provision of a condensing coil of novel form and arrangement, and which constitutes a guard and partial enclosure for the compressor, separator and air-circulating fan.

Other objects and advantages relate to the details of the construction of the compressor whereby the same is rendered tight against the escape of lubricant and the refrigerating medium, and whereby proper lubrication is effected and the desired relative position of the parts maintained.

' In the drawings: 7

Figure 1 is an elevation of an apparatus of this invention.

Figure 2 is a top plan view of a motor, fan, compressor, separator and'condenser.

Figure 3 is a section on line 3-3 Fig- Figure 4 is an enlarged section similar to Figure 3 of'the compressor.

Figure 5 is a section on line 5-5, Figure 4:. f

Figure 6- is a view of the union. I

Figure 7 is a vertical section through th separator and compressor.

Figure 8 's a vertical section through th expansion valve apparatus. In a general way, the structure as 111118- 1 trated in Figures 1 to 7, comprises a rotary compressor -1- driven from a motor 2- with a fan 3'- disposed between the motor and compressor and driven by the motor shaft, a condenser orcondensing coil -4.-- which, as illustrated, is substantially U-shape in horizontal section, an expansion valve 5* in communication with one end of the condenser '4 and also in communication with the upper end of the evaporator -6 disposed within a cooling chamber or brinetank -7 formed with recesses (not shown) for receiving the usual ice-forming trays,

1926. Serial No. 102,371.

such recesses being closed by doors in;

any usual and ordinary manner.

The thermostatic devlce is positioned within the screen or case 9 and is in communication with mechanism. for actuating an' B As here shown, the motor 2-' isinounted l on and bolted to a base -11- consisting of two spaced longitudinally extending anglebars -12 mounted on a shock absorbing member as the cork plank 13; In like manner, the compressor -1 is mounted on and bolted to the angle irons 12-' The condeser.4- in this illustration is formed of a single continuous tube or. pipe of copper or other suitable material bent to the form shown, and leads, forwardly from they top of the separator -+27- and. is then curve laterally and rearwardly so as to extend along the side of the compressor and separator atv about the level of the top of the separator and to a point adjacent the fan -"3 where it is bent inwardly and then forwardly so as to extend along the side of the compressor and separator and is curved around the front of the motor and separator and extends rearwardly along the opposite side to a point adjacent the fan where it is bent laterally outwardly and then extends forwardly along the side of the compressor and separator, and is curved across the front of the latter, and the bending operation is continued with the pipe inclining slightly downwardly so as to forma multiplicity of connected U-shape pipe sections disposed .one above the other and in alignment with the inner and outer U-shape connected upper sections of the pipe, whereby a U-shape condenser is roducedv which consists of two substantia ly parallel rows ortiers'60-- and 61 respectively of verticaIly aligned pipes, the inner and outer rows of each tier being connected by curved loops 62'- at their rear ends to form what has been termed a, horseshoe condenser which encloses the motor and separator and opens toward the motor with the fan posi-' in the --15 esigned for that purpose.

tioned adjacent the open side of the condenser. a

The condenser -4 is supported from the base -11 by means of uprights 14 hav ing feet 15- secured to the base, these up rights being positioned within the inner vertical row 60- of pipes constituting the condenser. The upright -14 coacts with an upright clamping bar --15. disposed on the outer side of the inner row 60 of pipes constituting the condenser to maintain the condenser in proper relation with respect to the base and as the clamping member 15' is formed with cross grooves or channels adapted to receive each pipe of the inner ver-- tical row 60 of pipes when the upright bar -14-' and the clamping member 15' are drawn together in any suitable manner as by bolts -l6 the pipes are maintained in properspaced relation by seating themselves rooves in the clamping member Further, a substantially V-shape bracket 17-"extends forwardly from the front end of the base 11- and has its opposite en ds connected to the angle bars suitable manner, as byrivets and this bracket supports a spacing post 86- which extends upwardlybetween the inner and outer vertical rows -60-' and 61- of-pipes con-' stituting the condenser at substantially the central portion thereof, and is formed with laterally extending grooves for receiving the pipes of both rows so as to maintain them in proper spaced relation both vertically and horizontally. The .0st 86 may be secure'd'to bracket 1 in any suitable manner as by bolt 18-, and this bolt may like-' wise extend through a'reinforcing clip 19 resting against the outer surface of the post -86 at the base of the latter, and having a groove at its upper end for receiving the lowermost pipe of the outerrow of vertical pipes constituting the condenser toclamp that pipetightly to the post at a point where it leaves, .the condenser forponnection to" the expansionvalve -5.

The motor shaft -20 as here illustrated is formed separately from the compressorshaftand the fan secured to the motor shaft in any suitable manner, as by riveting'to collar 2I-' set-screwed to the forward end of the motor shaft. In like manner ber to the sum of the openings contained inboth of the collars, and shouldered spindles 87 are'provided for separately securing each collar to the disk, the reduced portion of the spindle being positioned in the collar- 2- in anyand the larger portion being seatedin one of the openings in the disk. In this manner the collar 21- drives the interposed disk 24.-- and the 'disk in turn drives the collar -23- and the compressor shaft. The interposed fiexible disk compensates for any slight variations in the alignment of the shafts.

The compressor of this invention comprises a substantially cylindrical casing,

--26, which casing in this illustration is integral with the pear-shape separator casing 27; Cylinder heads 28- and 29- respectively are secured to the opposite ends of the' cylindrical casing 26-'- in any suitable manner, as by bolts '88'-. Each of these heads is formedwith a circular recessed portion of a diameter adapted to tightly receive the packing and supporting plates 30.. and 31-- respectively, but

these recesses are of slightly greater depth than the thickness of the end plates '30 and *31 respectively, and these plates are of somewhat greater diameter'than the iiiternal diameter of the cylindrical chamber within the casing 26 so as to fit against the ends of the casing --26 and form a closed chamber, except .for the center openings in the plates through which the stub shafts '32 and '33- respectively formed integrally with the cylindrical rotor --34- extend, each end head bein formed in its outer surface with a recess a apted to receive the roller or other anti-frictional bearings 35 and 36 substantially as illustrated. Each of these bearings in the usual manner comprises an outer ring, an inner ring and an interposed anti-frictional member as a roller, the inner rings substantially fitting the stub-shafts 32 and 33 respectively.

The plate 30- is maintained agaii st the adjacent surface of the casing 26' by coil spring 40, one end of which rests-against theinn'er ring of the bearing -S5-- and the other end of which is positioned within a concave cap 41 resting against the inner surface of the. head -28- and preferably the head is formed with a recess and the cap with a'small central protuberance adapted to seat in the recess to maintain the spring in proper alignment. The pressure of the fluid lubricant contained in separator chamber .27

assists in holding ,the packingv plates against ,the ends of the casing --26 as hereinafter described. The stub shaft '33- is connected tothe:

compressor shaft -22 by an interposed union-42 which permits relative longitudinal movement of the two shafts. This union 42 as best shown in Figure 6 consists of a disk -41'- having flanges 45- and +4G projecting from its opposite faces,

and preferably the flanges are disposed at right angles to each other. One ofthese. flanges 46 is adapted to seat in a recess im the end of a stub shaft while the other flange 4=5 seats in a recess in the enlarged forward end -47 of the compressor shaft -22. The compressor shaft 22 is journaled in a bushing 48'- fitted tightly within an extension -49 on the cylinder head -29, the bushing being enlarged at its forward end so as to form a flange adapted to contact with the internal surface of the forward end of the extension 49 so as to prevent rearwardmovement of the bushing. The forward end of the bushing 48- is formed with a concave or conical ground surface 50 for tight engagement with a similarly formed ground surface 51 on the enlarged end 47 of the shaft -22-- to form a tight joint to prevent leakage of the refrigerant around the driving shaft, and the helical spring 52 surrounding the shaft -3 3- has one end in contact with the inner ring ofthe bearing -36- and its other endin contact with the disk '44 of the unionfriction due to the pressure of the springs -40 and 52 and the head pressure transmitted through the lubricant in the separator or reservoir 27. The spring pressure behind the plates 30 and 3l also allows the plates to yield and relieve undue pressure that might result from the passage of slugs of liquid refrigerant through the pump. The rotor +34- is made enough shorter than the length between the end faces of the casing 26 to allow for the presence of two oil films, one at each end of the rotor and as movement of the end plates 30 and -3l is limited by the opposite end faces of the casing external ressure on these plates will not exert any rictional pressure upon the ends of the rotor -34. The rotor 34 may include any desired number of blades -54, in this instance two are shown radially movable in longitudinal grooves or recesses in the cylinder of the rotor, and is here illustrated normally held in running relation with the interior of the casin 26 by helical springs '.55- carried 30y pins -56'which may, as shown, extend into recesses in the inner edges of the respective blades '54. The springs 40- and 52 also serve to take up any wearv in the roller bearings, and thus keep the rotor in its original position, and this is of considerable importance in this type of rotary pump as the rotor should make a gas-tight contact with the bore of casing 26 along a line at the top of the bore.

Lubricant is fed to-the bearings for the rotor from separator E27 through a stand pipe -57 which extends some distance up- The end plates 30 and 31.'

wardly into the separator or reservoir -27-- so as to form a trap for the lubricant. Th lubricant flows through pipe -57- into a longitudinal conduit 58-- through casing --26- which may contain an suitable wicking to grooves -59 and -60- in the respective cylinder heads, and from these grooves flows to the bearings for the compressor shaft and rotor.

The increase in head pressure transmitted through the lubricant adds to the pressure between the surfaces -50 and 51-- so that to a considerable extent the pressure preventing leakagebetween the packing surfaces at the joint will increase automatically with the head pressure which tends to cause the leakage.

Within the extension 4:9- at the'rear of the bushing -48 there is positioned a suitable compressible packing 6, 1- which par tiallyseats in the under-cut portion in the rearof the bushing and in an under-cut portion at the forward end of the gland 62 at the rear of the packing, such glandbeing held in place by compression spring -63 and cap -64'threaded onto the extension 49-- and adapted to maintain the spring under the desired degree of compression.

The compressed refrigerating medium and lubricant flows from the pump through outlet 65 into the pipe 66 extendin vertically within the separator 27- and terminating near the upper end of the separator in a closed end, such pipe being provided near its upper closedend with one or more radial openings 67 constituting an outlet for the compressed refrigerating medium and lubricant. The lubricant settles in the separating chamber while the compressed refrigerant escapes through the out- 'let',68 into the condenser 4. The

the pressure and permit the passage of the refrigerating medium and lubricant. s

As before stated, the refrigerating medium after passing through condenser comes to the expansion valve 5 which controls its flow to tank 6. This expansionvalve,

as illustrated'in Figure 8, comprises a casing I 74----, in this instance of substantially circularcross-section and oval form in vertical cross-section. The lower. portion-of the casing -74' is formed with anoutlet '-75- controlled by valve 76' carried by the float -'77. stem threaded into an internally threaded- As shown, the valve has a recess in the lower end of the float. With the casing 74-. Sprin the construction here shown, a certain amount of liquid refrigerating medium is trapped in the lower end of'the casing 74 by reason of the fact that the valve 76 is mov able in a pipe or tube .-78-- concentric with the outlet 75 and projecting some distance upwardly within the chamber within -79- .is provided interposed between t e lower portion of the casing -74 and the lower end of float 7 7 and surrounding pipe 78- and valve -76 for supporting or partially supporting float 77. spring is of about sufiicient strength to carry the weight, of the float and-assists in the initial upward movement of the float, altho it is not strong enough to maintain the float in a position where valve '76 would remain 0 en. The upper end of casing -74 is prov ded with a threaded nip 1e 80 to which a gage 94 and relief valve 82- may be connected, if desired. And within the nip le 8Q- there is posi-' tioned the upper en of a guide rod -81.

de ending into the chamber within casing 4- and threaded into a recess -83'-' and parts t ereof, I do not desire to restrict myself to tie particular details of this disclosure, as various changes and modifications may be made within the scope-of the appended claims.

I claim 4 .7

1. An apparatus of the class described comprising a cylindrical casing, cylinder heads. at opposite .ends of and secured to the casing, end plates of greater diameter than theinternal diameter of the casing and extending across theopposite respective ends of the casing'and located within the respective cylinder heads, hearings in said end plates, a rotor within said casing having a shaft journaled in respective bearin s in the end plates, and springs formaintalning the end plates in contact with the casing.

2. An apparatus of the class described comprising'a cylindrical casing, c linder heads at oppositeends of arid secure to the casing, end plates of greater diameter than the in- In other words, theit is returned ternal diameter of the casing and extending across the opposite respective ends of the casing and located within the respective cylinder heads, bearings in said end plates, a rotor within said casing having shafts journaled in respective bearings in the end. plates, springs for maintaining the end plates in contact with the casing, a compressor shaft for driving one of the rotor shafts, means connecting the compressor shaft to the rotor shaft for simultaneous rotary movement of permitting relative longituthe shafts whilf a bearing for the compressor dinal movemen shaft and cone surfaces on thebearingand said springs.

3. An apparatus of the class described comprising a cylindrical casing, cylinder heads at opposite ends of and secured to said casing, an endplate at one end of the casing, an anti-. frictional bearing carried by said end plate, a rotor Within the casing provided with a the compressor shaft held in contact by one of rotor shaft journaled in said anti-friction bearing, a compressor shaft having a tapered surface, a bearing for the compressor shaft having a complementary tapered surface, a

"union connecting the compressor shaft to the rotor shaft for simultaneous rotary movement of said shaft while permitting relative longi-.

tudinal movement of the shafts, and spring means for maintaining the end plate in substantial contact with the adjacent end of the casing, and for maintaining the tapered surface on the compres'sorshaft in contact with the tapered surface on the bearing.

4. An apparatus of the class described comprising a cylindrical casing, cylinder heads at opposite-ends of and secured to said casing,

an end plate at one end-of the casing,'an ant-ifrictional bearin carried by said end plate,

a, rotor within t e casing provided with a rotor shaft journaled in said anti-friction bearin a compressor shaft having a taper-- ed sur ace, a bearing for the compressor shaft having a complementary tapered surface, a union connecting the compressor shaft to the rotor shaft for simultaneous rotar movement of said shaftswhile permitting re ative longitudinal movement of the shafts, spring means for maintaining the end plate in substantial contact with the adjacent endof the cas-= ing and for maintaining the tapered surface on the compressor shaft in contact with the tapered surface on the bearing, a second'end plate at the opposite end of the casing, an

anti-friction bearing carried by said end plate, a rotor shaft journaled in said bearing, and spring means for maintaining said end plate in substantial contact with the casing.

- 5.'A n apparatus of the class described comprising a cylindrical casing, c linder heads at opposite ends of and secure to the casing, end plates of greater diameter than the internal diameter of the casing'and extending across the opposite respective ends of the casing and'lhcated within the respective cylinder/heads, bearings in said end plates, a, rotor within said casing having shafts ournaled in respective bearings in the end plates, springs for maintaining the end plates in contact with the casing, a compressor shaft for driving one of the rotor shafts, and means connecting the compressor shaft to the rotor shaft for simultaneous rotary movement of the shafts while permitting relative longitudinal movement.

. 6. An apparatus of the class described comsprings for. normally maintaining the end plates in contact with the casing.

7. An apparatus of the class described comprising a cylindrical casing cylinder heads at opposite ends of and secured to the casing, an end plate at one end of the casing free to move with respect to the casing, a bearing carried by said end plate, a rotor within the casing provided with a rotor shaft journaled in said bearing, a compressor shaft formed with a ground surface, a bearing for the compressor shaft having a complementary ground surface for contact with the ground surface on the shaft, and spring means for normally maintaining said complementary ground surfaces in contact and 4 for maintaining the end plate in contact with the casing. p .7

8. An apparatus of the class described comprising a cylindrical casing, cylinder heads at opposite ends of and secured to the casing, an end plate at one end of the casing free to move with respect to the casing, a bearing carried by said end plate, a rotor within the casing provided with a rotor shaft journaled 'in said bearing, a compressor shaft formed with a ground surface, a bearing for the compressor shaft having a complementary ground surface, a union connecting the compressor shaft to the rotor shaft for simultaneous rotary movement of said shafts while permitting relative longitudinal movement of the shafts, and spring means for maintaining the end plate in substantial contact with the adjacent end of the casing and for maintaining the complementary ground surfaces with respect to the casing, a bearing carried by said end plate, a rotor Within the casing provided with a rotor shaft journaled in said bearing, a compressor shaft formed with an outwardly projecting flange having a ground surface, a bearing for the compressor shaft having an outwardly extending complementary ground surface for contact with the ground surface on said flange, and spring means for normally maintaining said complementary ground surfaces in contact and for maintaining the end plate in contact with the casing.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 9th, day of April, 1926.

WILLIAM O. HILDRETI-I on the compressor shaft and its bearing contact.

9. An apparatus of the class described comprising a cy indrical'casing, cylinder heads at opposite ends of and secured to the casing, an

end plate at one end of the casing free to move

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