US1709818A - Grinding - Google Patents

Description

Ap 16, 19.29. w. BINNs GRINDING l Filed May 9. 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet J9 Geo/y Wi m13 y abbot nu! Patented Apr. 16, 1929.

UNITED STATES imiiazui olf-Fica.A

GEORGE w. BINNs, CINCINNATI, oIIIo, AssIGNoR, BY iviEsNE ASSIGNMENTS, To CINCINNATI GRiNnERs INCORPORATED; 0E CINCINNATI, oHIo, A CoRIoRATIoN OF OHIO.

Application filed May 9,

This invention relates to improvements in grinding and more particularly to a novel and improved machine for use in the production of formed work, that is to say of work pieces which are in whole or in part of circular form in cross-section ybut which are of different diametersat different points longitudinally thereof. The primary object of the present invention is the provision of a machine which Will malte it possible to produce work of the general character mentioned in a centerless type of grinder and which will thus eliminate the necessity of accurately forming centerspots and mounting such work -on centers prior to the attempted grinding thereof.

A.4 further object of invention is the provision of a novel structure which will greatly facilitate introduction and removal of thev work pieces as well as movement of same into the grinding throat of the machine'and will thus greatly increase the possible speed of production of finished work. I

' Tith these and other objects in view the invention comprises the novel 'features f construction vand combination and arrangement of parts substantially as 'indicated in the accompanying drawings, but it will be understood that any modifications may be made in the specific details of construction'within the scope of the appended claims without departing from or exceeding the spirit of the invention. Figure 1 is a perspective view of a machine embodying the invention.

Figure 2 is a transversed section thereof looking in4 the direction of the regulating wheel.

F igureS is a fragmentary plan view with the work in operative position.

Figure 4 is an end view of the work receiving throat and associate parts.

Figure 5 is a plan view of grinding wheel truing mechanism. l

Figure 6 is aside elevation thereof.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of the work rest block, and

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a work piece. In the drawings, in which similar characlters of reference are employced to denote' corresponding parts throughout the several views,the numeral 10 designates the'base of the machine having suitably ournaled there- Messori) on the spindle 11 for the grinding wheel 12. This wheel, as indicated by the arrow in Figure 4, has its inner face moving downwardly or iii the direction toward the bed and is operated at a suitable grinding speed 'such as a surface-speedof 3,000 or .more feet a minute.

Disposedadjacent the grinding wheel is the slide 13 bearing suitable 'journals for spindle 14 of the regulating wheel 15. This'wheel is l of less diameter than the grinding wheel and is disposed in suitable opposition thereto, its' inner portion or face proximate to the grinding wheel being driven in an upward d irection as indicated by the arrow in Figure 4. r i

This wheel normally operated ata slow rate of speed suchas a' surface speed of less than feet a minute. The movement of'this wheel serves to control the rotation of the Work' PGCG S0 that all points thereon willbe f 'i properly equallyprescnted to the cutting ac- I tion of the grinding member 12-` The foregoing mechanism is in general characteristic' of what is termed a centerless grinder. One

distinction, however, is that inthe ordinary-` the operation of the machine although ordi- -tial positioning thereof.

' The present machine, particularly for the production of work pieces of irregular form. A characteristic type is illustrated in Figure 8, and comprises Athe cylindrical' body portion 16 having the however, is adapted i enlargement 17, the tapered intermediate portion 18 and the terminal tapered portion 19. In grind-ing such an article it is impossible to pass the work axially through the wheels.` The Work must therefore be introduced into' the grinding throat between the wheels 12 and v 15in some'rapi'd and convenient manner.

Also, it is necessary that the face of thel grinding wheel bears a complementary con tour to that of the work to be produced thereby. This contour may be produced as by the l -truing device shown in detail in Figures 5 and 6 for example. Carried` by the hood 20 is the guide or templet 21`having a face 22 corresponding to the transversed configuration: which it is desired to produce on the grinding wheel. v Y

Pivoted to bracket 23 on the bed 10 is an arm 24 urged inward by the spring 25 on adioo screw 26 carriedbyV the hood of the the slide is additionally provided with a contact pinor roller' 34 riding on ace 22 of templet 21.' l t "1. To true the. grinding wheel to apparticular contour a templet of corresponding' 'formfis `mounted on the machine and arIn 24,2111w'edfj to swing inward until pin 34l is engaged witl g y v Y -tionedprimari-ly bylengagementfof the sur- V faces 42%44xoathe. grinding wheel with the `.beveled"`surtaees `18`-' 19 of the work. The

the templet.' The diamond 32is then adju ed in its holder to properly 'engage the y sur-5l face of the stone and the slide 28 moved back and forth on the grinding wheel 12 thusie-- producing on the stone a peripheral .path cor--` responding in transverse section totheshape yieldingly forces the diamond inward against the stoneas controlled by the teniplet. It

will also be noted that if desired the slide as an entirety may be angularly adjusted about the upper endof arm 24, it having a depended boss' or hub portion 35 fitting into the arm and lateral wings 36 formed with arcuate slots 37 in-which ride the clamp boltsv 38 for securing the parts in desired position. This angular adjustment serves to vary the relation of the point of the diamond to the stone so that itssurfacemay be trued oi at an angle.l

bythe employment of a suitable angularly disposedv templet, and the diamond' will 'bel disposed-at right angle to the line of movement thereof. 'In this manner the stone may be shaped for a large variety of different forms of Work pieces depending upon the particular templets employed. a

` The manner in which the contour of the workis produced by the grinding wheel will be best understoodby reference to Figure 3. The grinding wheel is formed with a plane cylindrical v surface. 40 and a cylindrical groove 43, ythe two being merged by the4 inter-mediate tapering surface 42 and the groovebeing bounded at the opposite side by a second tapering wall 44. The surfaces 40 and 43 form respectively the stem 16 and enlargement`17 of the work piece, while the tapering walls of the groove form thebeveled surfaces 18 and 19. Other configurations such as arcuate or semi-circular grooves may be formed in place of thegroove 33 according to the particular work able to produce.

As is customary in the centcrless grinding method the regulating wheel 15 is provided to hold the work against the grindingwheel.r The distinction,v however, is that in the old which it is desiriorms of centerless vgrinding the regulating wheel has continuous contact with the worlg piece throughout its length. In the present .thatthe workfislproperly engaged near its lends and'bes'tQheld in 'the VVc lirectionv toward thegrindingwheel, such engagement serving tdrotategthe worlrpieeeeither,with or f 'trenta.feedingacngn- -rn the form une., ld2-no 'attempt-k is made vto have the regu` ingwheel .feed thejworlr, but it floats inthe nding throat', being"longitudinally posiconnectingjiportion 47' sojdisposedfas to be out of. engagementwitltthe fworlr piece, as catedfin Figure 3. Alsilitable truing device of the gonstruction capable of `transversed lmovement'with vrespect to the regulating wheel andfof withdrawalwhenfnot. in use servesf to pro'ducethe 'two dilferent-diameters and portion v47. This truer 'is eonversionally:

illustrated 'at .48.

The mechanism orshifting .the work-finto fand out of operative position-and 'holdinge` I' the work during-,actual operation thereof is illustrated in Figure 2.; l

Rising from the slide-13 in alignmentvwith the throat-between the vgrindingand regulat=-- ing wheels are the fron-t' bracket 49 and the rearbraclet member 50; having the-arm or extension 51, f li'votedl tobracket 49V is thevv 'control lever '.52' having the handleportion 53 i A at one'end and having the other end pivotallysecured'to thefnrcations 54f`of vthe work sup'- porting yoke member'." This memberli'ty will be notedis ofyokeor U-likefformation Y having the'upper arm 5 6, intermediate por'- tion 57and lower v211111,58 which in operation .extends into the grinding` throat.' This'larm 58 has removably secured-thereto the worksupporting block or rest 5 9 having a grooved surface 60 preferably similar in configuration to theconiiguration of theworkpiece. Arm 58 is further provided with the adjustablev stop 61 secured. in desiredv adjusted position This 'stopylengages the as y the lock-nut 62. v end of the workpiece to limitpessi-bl'e inward movement thereof. Ifde-sired'ftheregulatf;

ing wheel may be mounted "at a slight angle during grinding.

tion of wheels 12. and 15 forming the grindlng throat, holding the work piecefin this 12o 'j tending to urge the work against--v the'jstop :position until the grinding hasl been performed. An adjustable stopv'63 onpofrtion` 130' i 57 of the yoke engages one of the guide arms 64 on member 50 to limit the upward movement and thus control the amount of reduction of the work piece. Spring 65 having one end secured to arm 58 and the other to the extension 5l on bracket 50 holds the member 55 against bracket 50 during the grinding.

VVhenthe grinding is completed raising of handle 53 depresses the inner end of lever 52 and moves member 55 downwardly so that the .work is depressed from the grinding throat. During this swinging movement the adjustable contact or abutment 66 on lever 52 engages the arm 56at the termination at the furcations 54 causing the parts to then move together as a unit about the pivot 67.

This will cause member 55 to be moved not only downwardly but also forwardly as shown by the dotted lines in Figure 2 and the full lines in Figure 1, bringing the work piece in advance of the wheels where it may be readily grasped and removed and 'a new work piece substituted.

It will be noted the construction of the parts just described is such that the initial swinging movement of lever 52 will cause a direct vertical or downward movement of the U shaped bracket member which will be held against the support 5() by the tension of spring (55. However, when adjustable -abutment 66 engages the bracket, the bracket and lever will then. move as' an entirety in an arcuate path to a point where removal and replacement of work pieces is facilitated.

From the foregoing description considered in connection with the drawings, the construction of the machine should be readily understood, and it will be seen in use that the operator first sets the wheels at the desired width of grinding throat and by adjustment of the stop 63 regulates the operative position of the work rest or support within the grinding throat. These three parts together form the' vertices of an inscribed triangle determining diameter of cyllnder which will be A produced by the grinding operation. Lever 53 serves to project the work-receiving block 59 below and forwardly of the grinding and regulating wheels for introduction Reverse or downward' of a work piece. shifting of handle 53 raises the work upwardly in the grindingthroat tothe position shown in Figures `2, 3 and 4. In this posi- +"^n the grinding wheel engages the entire length of the work piece at one side to pro-v duce the desired contour thereon while the regulating wheel engages the work piece at longitudinally spaced points to accurately control the speed of the rotation and the positive pressure of the work against the grindiig wheel. By this process of work production it is unnecessaryto true the regulating wheel to correspond with the longitudinal contour of the work, but only to form on it spaced cylindrical portions having the re- ,tionally laterally shitting the worl of a peripheral line of contact between the regulating wheel and the work.

I claim: l

l. A centerless grinder including opposed grinding and regulating wheels, the grinding wheel having portion adapted to produce cylindrical and non-cylindrical portions on a work piece, and a.regulating wheel having a work controlling portion engaging and urging a cylindrically shaped portion of the work piece toward the grinding wheel whereby the work is reduced to a contoured form contrageometric to that imposed on the surface of the grinding wheel and is controlled in its rotation by the engagement of the regulating wheel with the cylindrical portion thereof.

2. A centerless grinder including a grinding wheel and a regulating wheel, the grinding wheel having a contoured face andthe regulating wheel having portions of diierent diameters opposed to high and low points on the contour of the grinding wheel, and means for supporting a work piece in the throat between said grinding and regulating wheels whereby the portions of different diameter of the regulating wheel hold the work in engagement with the grinding wheel and against axial tilting and control the rate ofrotation thereof.

3. A eenterless grinding-machine including a grinding wheel having a groove formed therein and tapering end walls' for the groove, a work xsupport adjacent said grinding wheel, and a regulating wheel opposed to the grinding wheel to complete the grinding throat, said regulating wheel having plane portion opposed to the grooved and tapered portions of the grinding wheel and means for shifting one of the members forming the three point engagement of the work at the throat to de- 4. A grinding machine including opposed grinding and regulating wheels forming a progressively narrowing workl receiving throat, a Work rest, and means for shifting the work rest relative to the narrower portion of the lgrinding throat and for addi'- rest relative to the wheels when displaced from the throat.

5. A grinding machine including opposed grinding and regulating wheels forming a grinding throat therebetween, a work rest, adapted to be disposed adjacent the throat to operatively support a work piece, positive meansffor' urging the work rest to a position vv"the grinding throat, to press a work piece carried thereby against the wheels.

v6. A machine of the character described y including opposed grinding and regulating wheels 4forming a work-receiving throat therebetween, a work rest, means for vertically shifting the work rest into and out of the grindingvthroat and means for laterally shifting the work rest when disengaged from the grinding throat, and resilient means for Ashifting the work rest into position within the grinding throat.

7. A machine of the character described including opposed grinding and regulating wheels forming a work-receiving throat therebetween, a `work rest, means for vertically shifting the 'work rest into and out of the. grinding throat and means for laterally shifting the work rest when disengaged from the grinding throat, resilient means for shifting the work rest into position .within the grinding throat, and means for limiting the movement of the work ing throat.

8. A vcenterless grinder including opposed grindingf'and. regulating wheels, a bracket disposed adjacent said wheels, a lever carried by the bracket, and a work rest pivotally supported by the lever and movable into and out of the operative position in the grinding throat between the wheels by movement of said lever.

9. A grinding machine including a contoured work support, a correspondingly contoured grinding member for engaging a work piece on the support and a regulating member of dissim-ilar contour having portions for engagement with pre-determination sections only of the work piece'whereby the work support serves to position the work piece prior to the inception of the grinding action and the grinding member removes the prescribed Astock therefrom while the selective engagement of the regulating member with the work piece opposes displacement of the work piece on its rest and controls the rate of rotation thereof.

l0. A centerless grinding machine including opposed grinding-and regulating wheels, a work rest normally disposed between distant opposed portions ofsaid wheels' with its work receiving face'n in the direction of the more proximate portions of said wheels,

. :means associated with the rest for accurately axially positioning a work piecethereon, and means for shifting the work rest in the direction of said opposed portions of said wlieels to forcibly pressing a work pieceinto engagement therewith.

11. A centerless grinder including peripherally opposed grinding and regulating wheels, a work restdisposed -below a plane rest into the grind 1 the work rest, means for subsequently arcuifroaeis connecting the axes of said wheels, and means for imparting a downward and forward work discharging movement to said work restand an inward and upward work feeding movement thereto, substantially as and for the purpose described. f

l2. A centerless grinder of the character described, including opposed grinding and regulating wheels and a work rest, means for imparting an initial vertical movement to the work rest and means for subsequently arcuately shifting the work rest to loading position.` y

13. A centerless grinder of the character described, including opposed grinding and regulating wheels and a work rest, means for imparting an initial vertical movement to the work rest and means for subsequently arcuately shifting the work rest to loading'position, and additional means for automatically returning the work rest to operative position between the grinding and regulating Wheels. 14. A centerless grinder of the character described, including opposed grinding and regulating wheels and a work rest, means for imparting an initial vertical movement to ately shifting the work rest to loading position, additional means for automatically returning the work rest to operative position between the grinding and regulating wheels,

and adjusting means for controlling the final operative position of the work rest.

15;l A centerless grinder for the production of nen-cylindrical work pieces including opposed grinding and regulating wheels. having their operative faces related to produce the desired shape on a work piece, a work rest, means for accurately positioning a work piece on .the restfor introduction in prescribed position between the grinding and regulating wheels, and means for shifting.

the rest and positioned Work piece to urge the work into position between said wheels.

'16. A machine for the production of contoured work pieces including opposed grinding and regulating wheels, said grinding wheel having a contoured work engaging operative face for formation of prescribed shape on the work piece, a work rest having a substantially similar conformation to receive and position a rough blank thereon, and means for shifting the'work rest with its contoured portion in substantial alinement with that of the grinding wheel and to a position where the grinding wheell will properly act on the supported work piece, the regulating wheel having portions for engagement with the work piece as so shifted to urge same against the grinding wheel and control the rate of rotation of the work piece.

17. A centerless grinder including a supporting bed, opposed grinding and regulating wheels carried thereby, a guide bracket rising from the bed adjacent the wheels and a shiftable yoke member engageable with the guide bracket, said yoke member having a portion subtending the throat between grinding andregulating wheels and a portion overlying the throat, a Work support carried by the subtending portion and means engaging the overlying portion for shifting the yoke, the bracket having portions guiding thepyoke in its shifting movement.

18. A machine of the character described including a bed or support, opposed grinding and regulating wheels carried thereby, a

guide bracket disposed on the bed adjacent said wheels, a work shifting member engageable with the bracket, means supporting said member for reciprocating and for oscillatory movement, and means for varying the amplitude of said movements.

19. A machineI of the character described including a bed or support, opposed grinding and regulating wheels carried thereby for joint operation on a work piece when introduced therebetween, a guide bracket disposed adjacent the Wheels and means associated avith the bracket for controlling the introduction: of a Work piece, .said means ineluding a member mounted for consecutive reciprocating and oscillating' movements, means for imparting said movements thereto, and means for varyingthe eective transition point vfrom one to the other of said movements. y

20. A machinev for the production of contoured work pieces having an enlarged central portion and reduced terminal portions including a grinding Wheel having the prescribed contrageometric contour formed in the operative face thereof, an opposed regulating wheel having a non-contoured cylindrical portion opposing the contoured portion of the grinding Wheel for lateral engage-- ment with a work piece to urge same against the grmdlng wheel, a support'for the Work piece to be ground having lateral engagementwith said work piece, and means for relatlvely shiftlngisald three work engaging members to introduce the work plece 1nto the grooved contoured portion of the grinding wheel and subsequently vary the relative separation of the parts to insurevproper stock removal from the introduced Work plece.'

GEORGE W. BINNS.

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