US1700085A - Explosive - Google Patents

Description

f pasta- 3... 22, 1929.

UNITED STATES ALEXANDER GBUICK SHANK SCOTT, OF

'canmrr, WALES, ASSIGNOR 'ro m'Ex'co LIMITED, or LONDON, ENGLAND, A BRITISH COMPANY.

EXPLOSIVE.

: in Drawing. Application filed November 21,

This invention is for improvements in or relating to explosives andhas reference to the class comprising an oxygen-carrylng base in the form of a compound (such as potasf sium chlorate) containing readily available oxygen, and in admixture with this, a second component, known as the combustible oft-he explosive, which forms with the base, an exa synthetic resin, forexample-a phenol-a1 deh de condensation product as a' continuous sur ace phase over the particles. This is insured by employing a preformed synthetic resin which is incorporated'as such into the explosivemixture.- In the mixing as herein- .after described the particles-become coated with the resin which'being introduced as a continuous phase, remains as such in coating the particles. would not be the case if the resin were produced by a reaction taking place in the mixture. a

It is found according to the present invention that not only do such resins so applied effectively render the explosive water proof, but they also act as the required fuel, and in practice they assist in the production of all'explosiv avin a desimble g1a' In case it is desired to reduce the quantity oft synthetic. resin to be employed the base substance-can be impregnatg vilnaliquid andhardeningiiegake or sheet by app fu l for example fuel' oil or paraffin oil. T Ids will be enclosed and retained by-the synthetic resin and an advantageous property of these'resins in this connection that they are not dissolved or softened .b

ordinary'mineral oils; neither is their a hesion to the base thereby interferred with.

In some cases there may be al substantially non-volatile and explosive aromatic nitrobody in the synthetic resin for the purpose of 1925, Serial No. 70,689, and in Great Britain November 1924. V

modifying the explosive properties of the" composition.

The resin maybe liquid orplastic so that the resulting explosive is plastic, if desired. Alternatii'ely the resin coating may be an indurated synthetic resin, in which case the explosive is readily produced ingranular form. The coating ingredient may be the gel of a synthetic resin and a. substantially non-volatile andexplosive aromatic nitro-body for example a gel of a' phenol-formaldehyde resin and mono-nitro-toluene with or without other'nitro-bodies. The invention includes various methods of manufacture .as hereinafter described and claimed.

-' Example I with a sufiicient quantityof the solid variety of the well-known phenol formaldehyde con.

idensation product resin A dissolved in a volatile solvent, such as commercial alcohol, to add 15 parts of the synthetic resin to the base. The agitation of the mixture is of such form as toresult in the production, under gentle application of heat (e.- g. ,F.) during the agitationofa mass of hard segregated grains consisting of the chlorate crystals orsmall agglomerates thereof coated with the synthetic resin. 1 p Instead of producing the grains by a particular ln'nd of agitation in an incorporate? as above described, the mixture of chlorate crystals and resin may be rolled or otherwise formed intoa cake or; sheet and after drying lica- .tion of-heat, (e. g. up ,to'100 GI) -the'ma=i terial may be dismtegr'ated to any desired. a

. Y The combustible of the explosive may consist solely of the synthetic resinvcoating on the chlorate crystals or it may comprise an additional component in the form'of a liquid "fuel, such as fuel oil orparafiin oil,in which event the liquid fuel may be applied to the this feature as applied to a plastic explosive.

Ewample II. v

225' parts of crystalline mono-nitronaphthalene are dissolved in 3 parts of mono-nitro-toluene, if necessary, with the aid of gentle heat. The temperature during this operation may be about 70 F. To the resulting solution, dinitrotoluene are gentle added and with further I the solution. To the final nitro-bocly solution, 7 parts of the phenol-formaldehyde resin known as bakelite fol-mite resin A in the solid state are added with continued gentle application of heat, and the mixture is stirred until a homogeneous jelly of the nitro-bodies and resin results.

The aforesaid homogeneous mixture ofnitro-bodies and resin is incorporated with a mixture of 72.5 parts of potassium chlorate or perchlorate and 6 parts of dried woodmeal. The incorporation is effected in a mechanical incorporator, the mixture of chlorate or perchlorate crystals and the woodmeal having been first placed in the incorporator.

The resulting plastic mixture may be introduced into cartridges in any known manner, for example by extrusion in cartridge form.

If the nitro-bod ornitro-bodies-be incorporated along wit the resin the same may be either admixed with the base separately from the resin or formed into a liquid or lastic mixture with the resin (e. g. a plastic elly) and incorporated in this state into the v base.

By this latter means the coating on the crystals is a homogeneous resin and nitro-bodies.

It is to be noted that in the case of a plastic explosive the synthetic resin-alone will not sufliee as the combustible and some other body (e. g.

in conjunction with the resin to impart-to bustible of the explosive may consist solely of the hard synthetic resin. The example.

first given-is illustrative. of this fact.

It is found that'the size of grain may 9.25 parts of crystalline application of heat, are dissolved in mixture of a nitro-body) is necessarythe requisite degree of detonatability. On'thev other hand, it is found in the case'of a grain powder that the com- Ewample VII.

The following is an example of an explosive wherein thesynthetie 'resin employed 1s a thio-urea resin product salts, and other ingredients of the explosive, that may be made. Ewample III. Pub. Potassium chlorate 95-70 Synthetic resin 5-30 Example IV.

Parts. Ammonium perchlorate 69-57 Synthetic resin 16-30 Manganese dioxide 15-13 Example V.

v 1 rim. Ammonium nitrate 95-70 Synthetic resin 5-30 Potassium perchlorate, 5-20 Example V1.

Parts. Potassium nitrate -60 Sulphur 18-10 Manganese dioxide 5-2 Synthetic resin 21-6 7 Parts, Potassium perchlorate 75 Potassium nitrate 15 Thio-urea resin syrup containing 2% of water .5

Thio-urea resinsyrup containing 40% of water j As in the case of phenol formaldehyde condensation products, the urea and thiourea resins may be employed in varying proportions.

he ureaandthio-urea resins may also be employed either alone or in conjunction with widelyc 7 other synthetic resins and with or without I incorporation of 'nitro-bodies.

A small proportion of glycerin'e or castoroilmay be mixedwith any of the resins if desired as a softening agent.

It has been found that .a combustible consisting of a mixture'of synthetic resin and a substantially temperatures, or, temperatures, by portions in which the componentparts of non-volatile and explosive. aromatic nitro-body or nitro-bodies can be I produced which is-plastic or li uid at normal when desire at very low suitably varying the pro- V the product of the first'stages. of condensation. This product may be either liquid pasty or solid, but in either form it is readily utilizable for the pasty form can be rendered liquid by the addition ofa volatile, solvent such as commercial-alcohol, and the solid variety can bereadily dissolved in commercial alcohol and acetone for example, or it may be dissolved in certain liquid ,or liquefied nitro-bodies. i

During the heating of the resin, the resin passes from the initial-product A-stage to the next stage in the-condensation which r'esultsin product B, and ifheating be continued (although it is not generally neces' sary to harden beyond the product B stage), through this stage to the final product C stage.

However, the heating may be controlled so as to obtain any intermediate degree of hardness desired. I

' to one hour.

Generally, for hardening the grain powder, a temperature of about 70 C. is employed and duration of heating is from half an hour 70- (3., however... For example, it may be any temperature between 70C. and 100G-., m which event'the duration of heating will I lly be less.

In addition to the substances already mentioned sodium chlorate," perchlorate or nitrate may be used as the body having rea'dily avallable' oxygen.

- resin constituting I cla1m: I v 1. ;An explosive of the type described the particles or particle-aggregates of which are isolated from each. other bya synthetic "a' continuous phase between the particles. i

2. An explosive of the type described the particles or particle-a gregates offwhich are isolated from each 0t er by a phenol aldehyde condensation product constituting a contmuous phase between the particles.

3. An explosive of thetype described the particles or particle-aggregates of which are coated with a synthetic resin containing a I substantially non-volatile and explosive aromatic nitro body for the purpose of composition.

4. An explosive of the type described the particles or. particle aggregates of which are 'modifying the explosive properties of the coated with a phenol aldehyde condensation product containing a substantially non-volatile and explosive aromatic nitro body for the purpose of modifying the explosive the kind described, coating the particles or properties of the composition.

The temperature may exceed 5. An explosive of the typedescribed the particles or particle-aggregates of which are coated with a synthetic resin as a continuous surface phase overthe .particles which resin is sufiiciently yielding to render the explo sive deformable under manual-pressure.

6. An explosive ofthe type described the particles or particle-aggregates oft-which are coated with a phenol aldehyde condensation product as a continuous surface phase over the particles which resin is sufliciently yieldder manual pressure.

7. An explosive of the type described the particles or particle-ag regates of which-are coated with a synthetic resin containing a substantially non-volatile and explosive aromatic nitro-body for the purpose of modifying the. explosive properties of the COIIl position said resin and nitro-body constituting a sufliciently yielding coating to render the explosive deformable undermanual pressure.

8. An explosive of the type described the particles or particle-aggregates of which are coated with 'a'synthetic resincontaining a substantially non-volatile and explosive aromatic nitro-body for the purpose of modifying the explosive properties of the com-.

position said product and nitro-body constituting a sufiiciently yielding coating to render the explosive deformable undermanual pressure.

- 9. Anexplosiveofthe type described the v ing to render the explosive deformable un-' substantially non-volatile and explosive aroj matic nitro-body.

11. An explosive of the type -described the, particles or particle-aggregates of which are coated with a gel ofa phenol aldehyde condensation product with a substantially" nonvolatile and explosive aromatic nitro-body. 12. An explosive of the. type described the particles or particle-aggregates of which are coated with a gel of .a phenol-formaldehyde resin with mononitrotoluene.

13. An explosive of the type described the particles or particle-aggregates of which are coated with a gel of a henol-formaldehyde.

resin with mononitroto uene and other substantially non-volatile explosive aromatic nitro-bodies. 14. In the manufacture of explosives of the-kinddescribed, coating the particles or particle-aggregates with a synthetic resinpreviously prepared as a resin in liquid state. 15. In the manufacture of explosives of particle-aggregates with a synthetic resin base, and thereafter solidifying the synpreviously repared as a-resin in liquid state thetic resin. and therea ter irreversibly coagulating the 18. In the manufacture of explosives of synthetic resin for the purpose described. the-kind described, coating the particles or 25 5 16. A process for the manufacture of exparticle-aggregates with a pre-formed liquid plosives which comprises roducing a liquid condensation product of phenol and an aldeor plastic homogeneous a mixture of a synhyde. thetic resin previously prepared as a resin in 19. A process for the manufacture of exliquid state and a substantially non-volatile plosives which comprises agitating. crystals 30 1 and explosive aromatic nitro-body and inof a crystalline oxygen-carrying body in corporating therewith a body containing powdered form with a phenol-aldehyde con: readily available oxygen. 1 densation product in liquid state, the agita-- v 17 A process for the manufacture of ex tion being continued until the mixture asplosives which comprises agitating an sumes a homogeneous granular form in 35 15 oxygen-carrying'body of the kind described which the liquid is uniformly distributed in powdered form with a synthetic resin over the surfaces of the crystalline'powder, product previously prepared as a resin in and thereafter solidifying the phenol aldeliquid state, the agitation being continued hyde condensation product. until the mixture assumes a homogeneous In testimony whereof I'afiix my signature. 0 granular form in which the li uid is uniformly distributed overthesur aces of the ALEX N E K A K TT-