US1692420A - Gypsum-block machine - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 20, 1928. 1,692,420

. G. H. A. RUBY GYPSUM BLOCK MACHINE Filed Oct. 51, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 a lnoenfor MM- ssfi c5 Nl'omem Nov. 20, 1928., 1,692,420

G. H.- A. RUBY GYPSUM BLOCK MACHINE Filed Oct. 51, 1927 s Shets-Sheet 2 Nov. 20, 1928.

G. H. A. RUBY GYPSUM BLOCK MACHINE Filed Oct. 51, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet (\TIommSs GYPSUM BLOCK MACHINE Filed Oct. 51, 1927 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 @ge HA. fiuba 5 Sheets-Sheet Nov. 20, 1928.

G. H. A. RUBY GYPSUM BLOCK MACHINE Filed 001;. 51, 1927 tion cont are used drier than would be the case with Patented Nov.- 20, 1928.

' GEORGE n. n. RUBY, or nasr GRAND narra e, MICHIGAN.

GYiPSUM-BLCCK Median-1n. j

Application area October 31, 19 27. "eiial No. 223,808.

Blocks of the character noted are of elongated rectangular iarallelepipied form and v ,5 made lengthwise there- 0 of to save material and lighten the blocks have spaced. ope

without material decrease ofstrength and, the same time, provide air circulation openings whereby the blocks serve'better as heat insulators and keep a building in which they solid blocks- Myinvention consists in many novel details and arrangements of.. parts-for making a machine whereby quantity production of building bloc-ks made ofcementitious material 15.

had, the blocks having spaced elon ated op en- H ings .therethrough; to provide mechanisms for drawing cores fromthe blocks,.said cores being used in order to provide theelongated openings therethrough and to also provide a means for drawing one end of each block form outwardly to leave a projecting end of the block free for engagement that .the same may be grasped to take the block from the form set and hardened that it may be removed.

An understanding of the invention, the mechanism embodying the same and the objects and purposes thereof stated, as well'as many others not at this time specifically set forth, will belhadf-rom the following descrip- I tion taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, in-Wh-iczh', y Fig. 1 is aplan viewof one end ofthe block -makingmachine. l

Fig. 2 is .a -plan View of the opposite end of said machine. I

Figs, 3 and 4 are side elevations of the "respective ends of the mechanism shown in plan in Figs. 1and2. y 1

Fig. 5 is an enlargedt-ransverse vertical section through the machine substantially midway between itsiends. 7 1 I Fig. 6 is a fragmentary enlarged transverse vertical section of the upper-part of the ma chine.t-akensubstantially on the plane of line 66 of'Fig. 2. v g

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary side elevation. with parts 'brokenaw-ay and-shown in longitudinal section substantial-lyon the'plane of line'7-7 of Fig. 2,.and a 0111 21 gypwhen it has been completed and is sufliciently Fig. 8 is aperspec't-ive View of one of the gypsum blocks made in the machine.

Like reference characters refer to like. parts i in the different fi ures ofthe drawings.

In the construction of the machine, a frame 7 is provided including a plurality of vertical side posts 1 of. angle iron.

The posts at each side of themachine arespaced apart and connected to upper and lower horizontal tracks EZfalso of angle iron, the horizontalflangesof which extend inwardly. The sides of the 3 frame made up of the posts 1 and the angle bars 2 are connected together ,andheld in proper spaced relation by cross anglebars 3 and '3? fully shown in Figs. 3, 5 and 6'.

A plurality of flat bars 4, one for fe ach blockform in the machine, lie between the track membersQ Each bar 4 at each end isy eqiiipped with aroller carriageb to ride onthe inwardly extending horizontal flange of a track 2. The" flat bars l are connected in "proper spaced apart relation to a pair ofconveyor chains dmade up .of pivotally. connected links and provided withrol-lers 7at the pivotalconnections'of said links. The chains run (around sprocket wheels 8, two of wh ch are located at each end of the machine,mounted on horizontal shafts 9 which in turn are totatably carr ed-1n bearlngs 10 secured to vertical posts llforming a part of the framework of the machine andconnected .to the 1 of theframe. previously described, One of the shafts 9,.th'e one atthe delivery end ofthe machine is extended outwardlyat one end and is driven by an electricmotor 12',suitn mes,

able reduction gearing 13beingdisposed .be-

tween the motor and the shaft, whereby a continu'ous slow movement of the conveyor chains 6 takes place whenever the machine is in operation. The bars 4; move continuously with the chains over the horizontal flanges of the upper tracks 2 and around the sprocket fwheels 8 at the delivery end of the, machine and back over the horizontal flanges of the lower tracks 2 to the wheelsSat the'opposite end of the machine.

' Above each of the bars l; toward one end thereof, a number of spacing'blocks 14 are lo cated and secured to whichthebottoms 15 of the block forms are connected. cThe parts 15 areof sheet metal and at one'side each carries vertical partition plate 16 pivotally mounted at its lower endgas best shown in Fig. [7. The plates 16 serve to divide the blockforms from these next adjacent. Each block form has two ends '17 and 17 thelatter ofwhic'h is y in one position, abuts a permanently secured to the bar 4 over which it is located at one end of the bottom 15. The

end 17 is provided at its lower edge with an during the time that the. ceinentitious material is being placed therein and while it is setting and hardening as it moves from the feeding end toward thedelivery end of the machine.

The end 17 is fixed and permanent with respect the bottom 15 of the form with which it is associated. The end 17 is movably mounted upon a block 20 which in turn is slidably mounted on and over its associated bar l, having spaced apart depending flanges 21. one extending downwardly at each. side edge of the bar a, with a plate 22 secured to and lying between said flanges 21 underneath the bar l. This provides a slidable mounting for the'block 20 and the attached end 17. The plate 18 associated with each block 20 at its end carries a depending roller 23, as shown, mounted to turn about a ver- V tical axis.

At the opposite end of each form and beyond the permanent end member 17 thereof, a second block 24 is slidably mount-ed above each of the bars 4. The block is equipped with downwardly extending flanges 21* connected by a cross plate 22 and each of the blocks 2-1 carries not only a lower roller 26 similar to the roller 23 previously described but anupper roller 27 located directly over the roller 26. The blocks each carry a number of cores 25. In the drawing four of sald cores are shown on each block 2% but in practice the number may be varied and will be equal to the number of elongated openings which are made through a block. The cores 25 extend inwardly from the inner end of each block 24, pass through the openings 19 in the end member 17, extend lengthwise of the'form and are received in the openings 19 of the movable end member 17 of a form. When the cores are withdrawn to the position shown in Fig. 6, the free ends thereof rest and are supported in the openings 19 in the relatively permanent end member 17 of each form.

Inasmuch as the weight supported by each bar at is quite heavy the rollers 7 of the chains 6 are made to traverse tracks 28 attached to and supported by angle bars 29 which lie lengthwise of the upper part of the machine on the cross bars 3 of the frame located be low the upper run of the conveyor, as shown in Fig. 5. In order to keep the bars 4 from bending or sagging down when they are at the lower run of the machine a bracket 30 is permanently secured to each bil PP gainst the other end of each form, carryin a roller 31 which rides on a flange or a Z-oar 32 located lengthwise of the machine and attached to other and lower cross bars of the machine frame. This also is fully shown in Jig. 5.

The cementitious material is delivered from the machine from any delivery spout such as 33 in Fig. 3. of a cementitious mixture mixing apparatus entering the forms and. being leveled and smoothed at the upper sides of the forms by the leveling apparatus indicated as a whole at 3a. This leveling apparatus is no part of the present invention bein fully covered by a previous patent granted to me. The feeding and leveling occurs adjacent one end of the machine which may be termed the feeding end of said machine. When the cementitious material is delivered to the forms the cores 25 are disposed in the forms between the ends 17 and 17 thereof. The machine is approximately 90 feet in length and the feeding and leveling of the material ta lies place at approximately 10 feet from one end of the machine. The block forms move lengthwise of the machine toward its delivery end and carry the cementitious material therein which sets and hardens for between 50 to 60 feet or until the core pulling mechanism of the machine is reached. The feeding and leveling of the cementitious material and the way the blocks are in the forms during the time that the initial set of the material takes place is shown fully in 1..

As the upper run of the conveyor approaches the opposite or the delivery end of the machine, the rollers 26 and 27 on the core carrying blocks 9A come to a pair of cam bars 35 shown in Figs. 2 and 6 and ride against the outer sides of the vertical flanges thereof. It is evident that with the movement of the conveyor toward the delivery end of the machine. the cores are first broken loose and then drawn outwardly until the free ends of the cores rest in the openings in the fixed cam bar 36 carried on the cross bars 3 of the frame below the block forms and the movable end 17 will be moved outwardly a short distance or enough to move the flanges 18 beyond the ends of the blocks, leaving exposed undersides of the blocks at 37 (see Fig. 6) beyond the of the forms. The blocks 38 in the forms have elongated openings 89 therethrough when the cores 25 have been withdrawn.

After the withdrawal of the cores and the movement of the movable end 17 of a bloclr form has taken place, the cementitious material further sets due to the exposure of the material of the blocks-around the openings 39 to the air. There is approximately 10 or 15 feet of the length of the machine during adjacent ends of the bottoms 15 a which the bloc-ks with the cores withdrawn take further set before the delivery of the blocks from the machine. I

As the chains 6 start to pass around th sprocket wheels 8 at the delivery end the machine, the block forms separate and the vertical partition'lfi tilts outwardly asshown in Fig. 7. The block may be grasped at one end at the exposed under side, indicated at 37, and withdrawn from the bottom plate 15 and thustaken from the machine. V

T heconstr-uction described is very practical for the build m: of cementitio-u-s building blocks particularly where a gypsum or plaster of Paris cementitiouscomposition is used. The drawing of the coresis accomplished in a simple and practical 'rnanner and it, of course, is to be understood that said cores and the movable ends l7'arereturnedto operative position during the movement. of the conveyor on its under-run before it reaches the sprocket wheels at the feedingend of the machine, and the cores are held in position against any tendency to move outward by horizontal bars shown in'Figs. 1 and 2 against the inner sides of which the rollers 26 and I 27 ride. Similarly, the rollers 23 ride against the inner edges of like bars 40 to hold the movable-ends 7 in proper place with respect to the forms during the time that the forms are receiving the material and said material is initially set-v ting therein, or until the withdrawal cam bars 35 and 36 are reached. g i

The exposure of one end of a block at its under side that it may be grasped by the hand to break the bond between a. block and the bottom plate 15 of the form in which it is made is a very necessary feature of the invention. Otherwise it is very hard to remove the blocks without breakage. Suction, as it is called, or actually the air pressure forcing the blocks against the bottoms of the form, is very heavy but the bond may be readily broken by a pull applied to the lower side of a block at one end thereof; and this is permitted by reason of the construction of block form machine which I have made.

The invention is defined in the appended claims and is to be considered comprehensive of all forms of structure coming within their scope.

I claim:

1. A consecutive series of blockforms, each comprising a bottom plate, a vertical side plate pivotally connected to the bottom plate, an end member permanently secured at one end of the bottom plate, a second end member located at the opposite end of the bottom I plate and having an inturned flange, the upper side of which is flush with the upper side of the bottom plate, and means fOIfIllOLllllllIlg said second end member for movement toward or away from said bottom plate.

2. A block form comprising, a bottom plate, vertical sides, an end member permanen-tly secured atone end of the bottom plate, a second end-member located at the other end of the bottom plate and having an intur-ned flange at its lower end, the upper side of "which lies flush with the upper side o-f-said bottom plate, and meansfor movably mountingthesecond end memberfor movement toward or away from thebott-om plate.

3. In a machine of the class described, an V endless conveyer, a plurality of bars located transversely of and connected to said conveyer, a bottom plateattached to and lyingabove each bar, a vertical side plate at one side edge of each bottom plate pivetally connected at its lower end to the bottom plate, an end member permanently secured to each bar at one end of the bottom plate, a second end member located at the opposite'end of the bottom plate and having an intuined flange, the upper side of which is flush with the upp-er side of'said bottom plate, and means for inovably mount-' ing the second end member on the bar whereby it may be moved toward or away from the adjacent end of said bottom plate.

4. In a machine of the class described an elongated supporting frame, a horizontal shaftat each end of the frame, sprocket wheels on the shafts, endless conveyer chains running around said sprocket wheels, block forms carried by said conveyer chains, each including a bottom, a fixed end and a movable end mounted for movement toward or away from the adjacent end of said bottom plate,

and means for moving said movable end of each block form outward automatically as the conveyer, in the upper run thereof, approaches toward one end of the machine.

5. In a-construotion of the class described a supporting frame, a horizontal shaft pivotally mounted at each end of the frame,

sprocket wheels on the shafts, a plurality of contiguous block forms carried by and located transversely of the conveyer chains, each form including a bottom plate, a vertical side pivotally connected at its lower end to'said bot-. tom plate, a fixed end secured at one end of said bottom plate, said end having a plurality of openings therethrough, a movable end located adjacent the opposite end of said bot tom plate and likewise having a plurality of openings therethrough, means for'mount-ing said vmovable 'end for movement toward or away from the adjacent end of said bottom plate, a core oarryingblock movably mounted adjacent the fixed end of each block form, and a plurality of cores projecting from the inner end of the core carrying block to pass through the openings of the fixed end of each block form and into the openings of the movable end thereof, for the purposes described.

6. A construction containing the elements in combination defined in claim 5, combined with means for automatically moving said core carrying block and the cores thereon assoc-iated with each block form outwardly as the upper run of the conveyer approaches toward one end of the machine, and means for automatically moving the movable end of each block form outwardly when the cores associated with said block form have been substantially withdrawn.

7. A block t'orni comprising a horizontal bottom plate, vertical sides, a fixed end permanently secured at one end of the bottom plate, a second end located at the other end of the bottom plate, having an inwardly projecting portion, the upper side of which lies in the same plane with the upper side of the bottom plate, and means for slidably mounting the movable end for movement toward or away from the adjacent end of said bottom plate.

8. A continuous block making machine comprising, a continuous conveyer, a plurality of block forms located transversely of the conveyer, each having a bottom, a vertical side pivotally connected at its lower end to the bottom at one side edge thereof, a fixed end and a second end slidably mounted for movement toward or away from the adjacent end of saidbofitom said movable end having an inwardly extending flange, the up: per side of which is flush with the upper side of said bottom, means for automatically moving said movable end of each block form outwardly at a predetermined point in the movement of said conveyer, and means lying lengthwise of the conveyer and underneath the upper run thereof forsupporting the block forms and holding them againsttendency to downward sagging.

9. A constructioncontaining the elements in combination defined in claim 8, combined with additional means for supporting the block forms when the same are at the under run of the conveyer to hold them against tendency to sag downward.

In testimony v GEORGE H. A. RUBY.

whereof I affix my signature.

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