US1685121A - Fuselage - Google Patents

Description

E. B. CARNS FUS ELAGE Filed May 18, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet Sept. 1192s,

E. CARNS FUSELAGE Filed May 18, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 MN am Patented Sent,

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rnssia application filed may 18,

' My invention is further intended to pro duce a structure which can be conveniently is made in longitudinally separable sections,

and with these sections constructed so that they can easily unite in a manner to make the b y, as a whole, as rigid as if it were not sectional.

My invention is, also, intended to cover the frame with a metallic fabric, adapted to ofier little air resistance-and togive secure protection'to the inside of the machine, and

of such a character that parts may be readily 25 left clear for requisite side openings such as doors and windows. 3

y invention, also, relates to details of construction which will be clearly pointed out below 6 Reference is to be had tn the accompanying drawings in which similar reference characters represent the corresponding parts in all views.

Figure]. is

55 showing my improvements.

Figure 2 is a cross section showing an enlar ed section on the line 2-2 of Figure 1.

a side elevation of a fuselage showing the cover openings. 1

Figure a is a broken detail perspective view illustrating the manner of connecting adjacent longrons.

Figure 5 is a broken of the frame. 5 Figure 6 is a broken side elevatiompartly in section, showing the details of the frame construction.

Figure 7 is a cross section showing a bulk head, and. its connection with the longerons."

5 Figure 8 is a fragmentary view showing a connection between a longron and anadjacent part, and Figure 9 is a detail section illustrating the manner of applying the cover.- The fuselage 10 is preferably made up in igure 3 .is a broken detail in elevation.

plan view of; a part.

192?. Serial at. 192,243.

longitudinally separable sections, each complete in itself, and shaped to give the desired contour tothe body when the latter is as sembled.

l have shown the sections 11, 12, 13, and

it, but so far as my invention-1s concerned, there'maybe a greater or less number of these sections and, in fact, certain. features of the construction, as will appear, are applicable to a body sections.

The body of the fuselage or, more specifical'ly, its frame, has lonfgrons which are which is not of separable preferably triangular in cross section and are, in any event, tubular,.or substantially so, these havingopenings '16 in one of the fiat sides, to lighten the longrons and to afford access for riveting or fasteningoperations. The triangular shape of the longrons causes them to fit nicely in the corners of the frame, especially if the frame is rectangular incross section,

which it preferably is, and if this shape is departed from, the longron's have external fiat sides to enable the cover to fit upon them, and to enable the struts and ribs presently referred to,to; have a firm bear-vmg on and secure connection with the p longrons.

'llhe' longrons, when united end to end, form each a complete longron, and taper as shown in Figure 6 from the mid-section of thefuselage or be toward the ends.

The two upper longrons 15 and two lower longrons, are connected by cross ribs 17 which of substantially conventional shape, except that the T's have their webs bellied or thickened in the center, and tapering towards the ends.

Where the ribs are 4 connected with the longrons, I in Figure 2 at 19 so as to fit the inner oblique face of a longron, while the flange part is left plain so as to lie against the top or bottom flat side of a longron, to which it is riveted or otherwise fastened as thedrawing shows; Thus, the cross ribs are essentially dove tailed to the longron in a simple manner, so as to bear upon two faces thereof, and when they are fastened to the longron, the bracing, while simple is especially secure.

At the corners of the body, the cross ribs 1? connect by straps or braces 20, with the struts 21, on the sides of the frame, and each together the web part is cut away as shown also, the

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' strap or brace 20 is preferably of sheet metal,-

has its inner edge bearing against the adjacent longron, and its end portions riveted or otherwise securely fastened to the adjacent rib 17 and strut 21- The struts 21 are vertically arranged, and connect the upper and lower longrons 15 on each side, and the struts are diagonally disposed to act like cantilever braces' They are preferably similar in shape to the ribs 17 already described, and where the straps or braces 20 connect with the ribs 17 they fit snugly against and are riveted or fastened to the webs of the ribs as shown at 22.

This structure is especially designed to be made up in sections which can be readily fastened together, and each section has, at the end, a transverse bulk head 23, which can be of sheet metal, so that the bulk heads of adjacent sections will lie flat against each other, as in l igurefi, and the bulk heads, as illustrated, are shown as complete sheets, but their lllltldle portions can be cut away, if desired.

l i 'here the bulk heads join the longrons l5, angle braces 24; can be advantageously used, these beingfastened, and having a long bearing on the longron, and having their flanged parts 25 braced by ribs 26, see Figure 4, and riveted or otherwise fastened, as at 27, to the bulk heads. At these corner portions of the bulk heads gaskets 23 are prefably placed between them to absorb and prevent the transmission of metallic sound waves.

At these points, at leastone relatively large bolt or rivet 27 is preferably extended through the flanges 25, and bulk heads 23.

Eachlongron section has, at its end, an internal angle brace 28 which fits at least two sides of a longron, and serves to stiffen the longron at this point, and, also, makes a thicker and better connection for the tongues 29 and 30, as shown in Figure 4.

One tongue or tenon 29 is rigidly fastened at one end to one of the braces 28, and on one face thereof, while a second tongue or tenon 30 is secured to another face at an angle to the first and on the second longron, so that when the longron or frame sections are brought together, these tongues or tenons will project into the two abutting longrons, and will lie against two faces which are at an angle to each other.

A series of holes 31 can be provided through the longron and its brace, to receive fastener rivets, and the tongue has a corresponding hole 31.

, When'the adjacent fuselage sections are brought together, and the tongues are in place, they can be riveted or folded, or otherwise fastened, and if bolts are used, the tongue 29 or 30 can have a thickened or nut part 32 on the back, so as to form a longer and better grifping surface for the bolt.

t will be seen that the frame sections can gether. Each section or the frame of file fuselage, as a whole, is provided with a suitable cover, and I prefer to use a cover 3% which is a flexible metallic fabric and is, preferably, an air tight metal mesh the interstices of which are sealed.

.thus be, very readily and firmly secured to- I This is the cover that I prefer to use, as

.terial which will keep out wind, but will not materially interfere with "vision. In applying this cover I place relatively soft and preferably non-hygroscopic strips 33, see Figure 9, between the cover and the parts of the frame against which it would otherwise lie. This prevents the crystallizing and breaking of the cover at such parts.

I claim:

1. A fuselage having, at the corners, triangular tubular longrons, transverse ribs connecting the upper long-rons and, also, the lower longrons, rigidly disposed struts connecting the upper and lower longrons on each side of the fuselage, and diagonal braces connecting the adjacent struts and ribs, and, also, bearing against the longrons.

2. A fuselage of rectangular cross section, having sectionally triangular taqpring longrons at the corners, transverse ribs connecting the upper longrons, and, also, the lower longrons, rigidly disposed struts connecting the upper and lower longrons on each side of the fuselage, and diagonal braces. connecting the adjacent struts and ribs, and, also, bearing against the longrons.

3. A fuselage of rectangular cross section, having sectionally triangular tapering longrons at the corners, transverse T ribs connecting the upper longrons and, also, the lower longrons, rigidly disposed T struts connecting the upper and lower longrons on each side, and diagonally dis osed braces connecting the struts and ri s, and bearing against the longrons. I

4:. A fuselage having essentially triangular longrons at the corners, cross section connecting the upper longrons and, also, the lower longrons, said ribs having their flange portions lying against certain flat faces of the longrons and their web portions abutting with other faces thereof, and struts connecting the upper and lower longrons on each side of the fuselage.

5. A fuselage having triangular longrons disposed at the corners of the fuselage, and struts and braces connecting the longrons, the struts and braces being of T cross section, and with the end portion of their webs shaped to'fit the inner faces of the longrons, while transverse ribs of T Ill ' braces having flanges 7. In a structure of the kind described, the' combination with the triangular longron of a transverse bulkhead and angular braces connecting the bulkhead and longrons, said attached tothe longrons and bulkheads.

8. A structure of thekind described, comprising separable fuselage sections, each having transverse bulkheads adapted to lie one against the other, corner triangular tubular longrons adapted to abut end to end, braces fastened to the longrons and bulkheads,

means for fastening the longrons together end to end, and fastening elements extending A "through the adjacent bulkheads and their braces.

9. In a structure of the combination withthe angulartubular longrons adapted to abut end to end, of tongues or tenons enterin the adjacent longrons and disposed so as to e against at least two faces ofthe longron. 1

10. In a structure of the combination with the separable longrons,

adapted to abut end to end, of internal angle braces secured to the longrons at their end portions, and tongues 01', tenpns entering the tening the sections kind described, the

the kind" described,

abutting longrons, and secured to at least two faces thereof.

11. A fuselage having a frame, and a 00vering therefor comprisin an air tight metal fabric with a wire mesh iody having sealed interstices with parts of. the sealing omitted to form openings through the cover.

12. A fuselage composed of longitudinally separable sections, with meeting bulkheads at the junction of the sections, means for fasand bulkheads together at the corners, and gaskets disposed between the corner portions of' the bulkheads.

13. A fuselage having a drum tight metallic cover and shock absorbing material be-. tween the cover and adjacent parts of the fuselage fram6."""'

14. A fusela e having tubular tapering longrons with at sides, at least one of which has openings therethrough, and'with bracing parts lying against and secured to such flat longron sides.

15. A structure of the kind described comprising separable fuselage sections adapted to e fastened together end to end, said sections having at the corner tubular'longrons which taper protgressively whereby when .the sections are astenedtogether-the complete longrons of the fuselage will taperfrom the middle portions to the end portions of the fuselage.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification this 13th day of May, 1927. a

' v EDMUND -B. CARNS.

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